獨立規制機構 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dúlìguīzhìjīgòu]
獨立規制機構 英文
independent regulatory agency
  • 獨 : Ⅰ形容詞（一個） single; only; sole Ⅱ副詞1 （獨自） alone; by oneself; in solitude 2 （唯獨） only...
  • 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 構 : Ⅰ動詞1 （構造; 組合） construct; form; compose 2 （結成） fabricate; make up 3 （建造; 架屋） bui...
  • 獨立 : 1. （單獨站立） stand alone 2. （自主自立; 不受人支配） independence 3. （不依靠他人） independent; on one's own
  • 機構 : 1 [機械工程] （機械的內部構造或一個單元） mechanism 2 （機關; 團體） organ; organization; institu...
  1. In this paper, ackerman steering linkage of double - wishbone suspension is taken as the study object, choosing the splitting joint and steering lever joint to carry out the design of optimization the mathematics models are established based on the multi - body system dynamics, applying its analysis method of kinematics to study the mechanism kinetic principles owing to more spatial factors considered, and calling off many hypotheses affecting the accuracy, compared with the traditional methods, the models are better to reflect the realistic motion principles, the results are more exact and applicable moreover, the force analysis is applied to the conduct mechanism the analysis method of dynamics in the multi - body dynamics is applied to study the forces applied on every component, working out the constraint reaction force of up and down ball joints, and developing the current computation program in the end, produce the upper wishbone geometry model in the ansys software package, meshing and carrying out the fea, testifying if the intensity of the wishbone meet with the requirements

    本文以雙橫臂獨立懸架的轉向傳動機構作為研究對象，選擇對斷開點和節臂球銷的位置進行優化設計，在此基礎上建立了基於多體系統動力學的導向機構和轉向傳動機構的數學模型，運用該學科的運動學分析方法研究機構的運動規律，編制了通用優化設計軟體。由於考慮了更多的空間因素，取消許多影響準確性的假設，因此建立的數學模型與傳統的方法相比更能反映實際運動規律，得到的優化結果也更加精確實用。此外，本文還針對導向機構進行受力分析，在建立該機構的空間動力學模型后，運用多體動力學中的動力學分析方法研究各個桿件的受力，計算出上下球鉸的約束反力，並開發出了相應的通用計算程序。
  2. Based on the frequent occurrence of international aerial crimes, the rampancy and cruelty of criminals and the reality of brutal consequence, the essay analyses the features of the crime of aircraft hijacking, the crime of imperiling international civil aerial security and the crime of obstructing international aerial navigation with the component terms from three important international conventions on punishing aerial crimes in order to help people to appreciate the appearance and the essence of typical international aerial crimes deeply, to regard the motion of the crimes and to overwhelm the offence forcefully. based on the core of the legislative status of international civil aerial security, the jurisdiction of the aerial crimes, one emphasis of the article is to clarify concrete clauses on jurisdiction in the three conventions and analyses the important principle of " aut reddere, aut punire ". based on the problems on the jurisdiction of crimes in international society, it quests the implementation of t he principles of jurisdiction, pleading and extradition in the three conventions deeply

    基於目前國際社會航空犯罪時有發生，犯罪分子猖獗狠毒，危害後果十分殘重的現實，本文從國際社會關于懲治航空犯罪的三個重要國際公約（東京、海牙、蒙特利爾公約）中規定的各種航空犯罪的定義入手，深入展開了對劫持航空器罪、危害航空器飛行安全罪、危害國際民用航空機場安全罪的犯罪特徵及其構成條件的分析，以期幫助人們更深刻認識這些典型的國際航空犯罪的表現及其實質，嚴密注視這些犯罪的動向，對其進行及時有力的打擊；鑒于國際民用航空安全法律地位問題的核心是解決航空犯罪的管轄權問題，本文重點闡釋了三個公約關于管轄的具體規定，並側重分析了「或引渡或起訴」的重要原則；鑒于目前國際社會打擊國際航空犯罪管轄方面存在諸多實際問題，本文對公約規定的管轄、起訴、引渡原則的實現方式作了深入探討；鑒于各國在國內立法上對于空中犯罪的懲治、對違約國的制裁、對這類犯罪的預防措施等方面存在一些漏洞，本文根據目前掌握的一些資料，在獨立思考的基礎上，提出了一些不成熟的看法及建議，以期對國際社會懲治航空犯罪貢獻自己微薄之力。
  3. Because of imperfect in regulation, laws and market, the model brings out lots of problems such as insider - control, excessive freedom for large stockholder, no efficiency of supervisory, hollowing out the listed firm, etc. the fourth chapter : to solve the problems of corporate governance in china, we must do these things as follow : to diminish the difference of currency stock and incurrence stock, to realize that common stocks have common rights, to perfect the stimulation and control mechanism, to perfect the - structure of the board of the directors through introducing independent directors, to perfect market system and law system

    4 、研究問題的目的是為了解決問題，而要解決我國公司治理中的問題，不但要克服制度構造的缺陷，逐步縮小流通股與非流通股的利益差別，實現同股同權：要完善公司的激勵、約柬機制，改善董事會的結構，引進獨立董事，加強公司對其他利益相關者利益的考慮：而且還要建立和完善市場體系，加強法律和執法體系的建設，使外部治理市場和法律、法規在公司治理中發揮強勢的監督和約柬功能，最終形成公司治理的良勝生態環境。
  4. Part two introduces the theory of panel data. the basic form of panel data is : yi t = it + xi t it + uit, i = 1, 2, …, n ; t = 1, 2, …, t panel data is used for describing the instance of swatch in a collectivity in some time, and observing every unit in swatch multi - scale. basing on the different hypothesis of ui, panel data has fixed effect model and random effect model, if ui is a unit constant ( corresponding to the dummy variable of

    基於分析結果，本文給出了改革我國公司治理結構的若干建議: （ 1 ）股權性質方面，培育有效的國家股持股主體; （ 2 ）股權結構方面，逐漸調整股權結構，減少第一大股東持股比例，增加除第一大股東以外的大股東的股權集中度; （ 3 ）董事會方面，採取奇數型董事會規模，並完善獨立董事的生成機制; （ 4 ）激勵制度方面，應加大董事及總經理的持股比例。
  5. 1. reconstruction of practical strategy, establish and improve the current cooperation system, normalize the cooperation management structure, construct the balance share, normalize the decisions system, absorb the independent board system, revolute the economic and management system of government. the key task of government is to improve the law environment

    在深入研究與探討的基礎上，提出了相應的對策建議: 1 、實行戰略重組，建立和完善現代企業制度，規范公司治理結構，構建相對制衡的多元化股權結構;規范決策機制、引入獨立董事制度;變革政府的經濟管理模式，政府的重點任務是完善法律環境。
  6. Lifting and lowering of the pringting arm of this machine is vertical, therefore, in case of half - tone printing, presence of screen wire and consistency of aberration are improved ; in case of spot printing, stability and uniformity of inking are enhanced ; fine adjustment and lock of the worktable is independent of each other, so positioning error caused by lock of the worktable can be controlled ; height and pressure of the printing blade and ink - returning blade can be stepless - regulated separately, which improver printing quality and service life of half - tone ; printing travel and half - tone fixing mechanism can be fast adjusted, which is suitable for printing area with different size

    本機印刷大臂升降為垂直升隆式，網線版印刷時網線表現率為色差一致性得到提高，實地版印刷的施墨穩定性及均勻性得以加強；工作臺微調與鎖緊獨立，因工作臺鎖緊而帶來的定位誤差得以控制；印刷刀、回墨刀高度及壓力均可單獨無級調節，提高了印刷質量和網版的使用壽命，印刷行程和網版固定機構大小可快速調節，方便不同規格的印刷面積。
  7. After the security act of 1933 & the security exchange act of 1934, all kinds of acts & regulations concerned audit independence began taking shape. many organizations such as sec, aicpa, isb and asb are making great efforts to set up regulations about audit independence and the series activities reached the summit after enron ' s failure. sabanes - oxley act of 2002 is a epoch - making lawful literat ure, which establishes the bases for the future lawful construction

    因此，自美國1933年《證券法》和1934年《證券交易法》面世以來，各種有關獨立性的法律法規紛紛出籠，在美國， sec 、 aicpa 、 ise及asb等諸多機構均致力於審計獨立性相關的法律法規建設，這一系列立法活動在安然事件后達到頂峰， 《 2002年薩賓納斯-奧克斯利法案》是一劃時代的法律文獻，它為美國審計獨立性相關的法律法規的未來制定奠定了基礎。
  8. It points out that it is necsssary to set up a leading organ of jurisdictional reforming, a reforming outline of jurisdictional, mending relating stipulations of constitution, organizational law of people ' s court, organizational law of procuratorate office and other laws. the fifth part is about the main content of jurisdictional reforming. firstly, it demonstrates that jurisdictional reforming should ensure independence of jurisdiction, that the relation of jurisdictional organ and other organs should be dealt with well, escepically, the relation between jurisdictional organ and the communist party of china should be paid more attention

    其一，主要論述了司法改革應當保障司法的獨立性，處理好司法機關與其他各方面的關系，特別是要處理好司法機關與執政黨的關系，相關制度設計的重心應集中於兩個基本方面:一方面，建立和鞏固向司法機構灌輸執政黨的方針政策，強化主流意識形態對司法滲透和影響的常規渠道;另一方面，為司法機構排拒個別黨組織、特別是個別黨的領導幹部的不當干預，維護法律基本原則（包括程序上的規則）提供必要的制度保障。
  9. For example, the procuratorial jurisdiction to investigate into official crimes is strictly restrained, the procuratorial authority is incomplete, and the reporting system to take compulsory measures to deputies to the national people ’ s congress is unperfected. the second is that the present double - leadership system limits the investigation authority to be practiced independently and legally. third, the working procedures of the national procuratorial system, such as the irrational setup of organizations, the lack of talented investigators and material supplies, restrict the healthy development of the investigations into official crimes

    一是現有法律規范不完善，包括檢察機關職務犯罪偵查的管轄范圍過窄、檢察機關偵查權的不完整、對人大代表採取強制措的報告制度不完善等;二是檢察機關現行的雙層領導體制制約了職務犯罪偵查權的依法獨立行使;三是全國檢察系統的偵查工作機制限制了職務犯罪偵查工作的健康發展，如:機構設置不合理、偵查人才和物質保障不力等等;四是檢察機關偵查權行使的不規范現象給檢察機關的職務犯罪偵查工作帶來了一些負面影響。
  10. Retire the cadre does not establish account of individual medical treatment, medical treatment expends nonperformance individual conceit, enjoy " method of medical treatment insurance " the regulation pays the medical treatment inside limits insurance salary ; retire the cadre implements system of the medical treatment that decide a dot, by retire the cadre chooses this city independently inside limits one, 2, 3 class medical establishment each one ; retire cadre go to a doctor does not set a fu biao to be mixed definitely highest pay limitation, the medical treatment cost that its produce is separate close an account, alone management

    離休幹部不建立個人醫療帳戶，不實行個人自負醫療費，享受《醫療保險辦法》規定支付范圍內的醫療保險待遇；離休幹部實行定點醫療制度，由離休幹部自主選擇本市范圍內的一、二、三級醫療機構各一所；離休幹部就醫不設起付標準和最高支付限額，其發生的醫療費用單獨結算、單獨治理。
  11. Based on the analyzing the different model of judicial review between the anglo - american legal system and continental legal system, the essay constructs the basic principles, independent tribunal, qualified plaintiff, scope of review, standard of review, procedure and transparency issue of the modern chinese system of judicial review. the essay proposes that the chinese judicial review should be subject to the sovereignty and independence principle, and an independent tribunal enforces the judicial review by impartial procedure at last, the essay gives some other advices regarding to how to further improve the system of judicial review by establishing a really independent court and by revising the law

    第五部分在比較分析wto規則對司法審查的要求和我國現行司法審查制度的基礎上，構建了我國了司法審查制度的原則、司法審查機構、適格原告，司法審查范圍、司法審查標準、司法審查程序和透明度問題，提出wto下的我國司法審查制度應是以主權原則和獨立司法審查原則等原則為基礎，由獨立的司法審查機構遵循公平程序，迅速對適格原告與被訴行政機關爭議的具體行政行為、抽象行政行為和終局裁決行政行為進行合法性審查，並且要求法律法規和司法判決的公布符繩明度原則的制度。
  12. The whole software is composed of four modules :, the scaling module, the hangingjgear, the process module. the three modules are independent, moreover they are interrelated, which make then arc - gear - capp is a whole process

    各個模塊既是獨立的，可以單獨調用其中的任何一個模塊；又是相互聯系的，構成一個整體，從而實現工藝規程的制定、機床掛輪的選擇、尺寸測量、精度與公差的選擇等完整的圓弧齒輪的加工過程。
  13. As a matter of fact, the ideas to consider schools as passive, close, isolated executives and to control schools as adoptive, serving, and obedient institutions has been severely blocking and hurdling the development of schools, and decreasing the activity and creativity of schools. this makes schools more and more isolated and inactive. schools have been changing into instrument and affiliation of political and economical sectors and losing the independence and self - esteem

    事實上，將學校作為被動的、封閉的、孤立的執行機構來對待，將學校作為適應性、服務性、服從性的機構來控制的教育觀念和教育實踐已經嚴重地阻礙了學校的發展，消磨著學校的積極性、能動性和創造性，導致學校日益的僵化、封閉、無活力，使學校成為政治的、經濟的或者規訓的附庸和工具，而難以保持自己應有的獨立性和尊嚴。
  14. The main innovation of this essay includes : through the discussion of information asymmetry, externality, effective prevention, effective trust, the rule paradox of responsibility of independent auditing is made from the perspective of efficiency ; through the research on the implement of contract system, the structure of all types of independent auditing responsibility and their scope are probed ; the evolution of responsibility structure from ethics orientation to law orientation is analyzed by citing the related history of u. s. a and u. k to prove the point that the structure of the independent auditing responsibilities should reflect the rights and responsibilities of social economy and its change ; the structure unbalance of the independent auditing responsibilities in our country is analyzed. the problem of unbalance includes three aspects, which are the obscure scope of responsibility or non - responsibilities, the lack of moral responsibility, and the structure unbalance of legal duty system

    本文的主要創新在於：通過對信息不對稱、外部性、有效預防與有效信賴的研究，從效率的角度提出了獨立審計責任規則悖論；通過對獨立審計履約機制研究探討獨立審計責任類型構成及其各自的范圍；以英美為例通過分析獨立審計責任結構由道德責任為主向法律責任為主的演變，印證獨立審計責任結構應當反映社會經濟權責結構及其變化，揭示獨立審計責任結構之變遷；分析了中國獨立審計責任存在結構性失衡問題，主要體現在責與非責、道德責任缺失以及法律責任體系結構失衡三個方面，並從獨立審計需求角度著手思考與獨立審計責任結構有關的責任安排。
  15. Then, the author discuss the deep reasons of these problems - inside contradiction in joint stock economy, incompletion of competitive system, unreasonableness of standardizing listed companies - to promote systematic innovation of chinese joint stock economy ; to guide participants to set up correct conception of market ; to solve the problems in the listed companies as soon as possible, which are copsided development in construction of stock rights and financial methods ; to complete permissive institution ; to construct protective system to minor investors ; to complete independent director regulation

    最後，針對問題產生的原因從六個方面提出了上市公司規范化建設的對策建議。即：全面推進我國股份經濟的制度創新；引導證券市場參與各方樹立正確的市場觀念；盡快解決我國上市公司股權結構畸形化、增量上市及融資方式問題；完善上市公司的準入、退出機制；構建我國中小投資者權益保障機制；完善上市公司獨立董事制度。
  16. Institutional choice of independence of regulatory organizations for naturally monopolistic industries in china

    中國自然壟斷產業規制機構獨立性的制度選擇
  17. In china the regulatory organizations are of incomplete independence in formulating rules and regulations for naturally monopolistic industries, but the complete or absolute independence as a target is impossible right away during the economic transform period

    中國自然壟斷產業規制機構存在著獨立性不足的問題，但轉型時期，還無法達到完全獨立的制度目標。
  18. Internal auditing is a behavior led by major principals or authorities, undertaken by an independent auditing agency and professional auditors, under related regulations and system, adopted by certain methods and procedures to supervise and evaluate the authenticity, validity and benefit of fiscal, financing and economic activities of an enterprise and its affiliated organizations

    內部審計是在本單位主要負責人或者權力機構的領導下，由單位內部設置的獨立審計機構和配備的專職審計人員，根據有關法規、制度，採用一定的程序和方法，獨立監督和評價本單位及所屬單位財政收支、財務收支、經濟活動的真實、合法和效益的行為。
  19. In the uk, recognizing that content and networks, in economic terms, are becoming more and more intertwined, the government has recently established a simpler and more flexible system where the single regulator office of communications ofcom will be able to act independently in response to fast - changing circumstances

    在英國，政府認識到資訊影音內容和網路在經濟層面的關系正日趨密切，因此最近訂立了一個更簡單和靈活的制度，讓單一的規管機構，即office of communications ofcom ，可以獨立地因應迅速轉變的情況作出回應。
  20. Because of considerations to moral, social, mental mechanism and legal facts etc., the action of not to giving help with others " peril of general subject should not be criminalized. however, it does not mean that any kinds of failing to rescue cannot be criminalized. failing to rescue of four types of special subjects including between partner, lovers or no - marital cohabitants, medical institution or medical staffs and officers of country employment should be made criminal

    具體而言，引入生活共同體的概念，規定夫妻、戀人或同居者等存在身份、特定關系等制約的特殊主體間的見危不助罪;對于醫療機構或醫護人員和國家公職人員，考慮到其特殊身份與社會職責的承擔，可以將其視為具有特殊保護責任的主體，將其見危不助的行為犯罪化，在刑法相關章節中做出獨立規定。
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