環狀應力 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huánzhuàngyīnglì]
環狀應力
英文
loop stress- 環 : Ⅰ名詞1 (環子) ring; hoop 2 (環節) link 3 (姓氏) a surname Ⅱ動詞(圍繞) surround; encircle;...
- 狀 : Ⅰ名詞1 (形狀) form; shape 2 (情況) state; condition; situation; circumstances 3 (陳述事件或...
- 應 : 應動詞1 (回答) answer; respond to; echo 2 (滿足要求) comply with; grant 3 (順應; 適應) suit...
- 力 : Ⅰ名1 (力量; 能力) power; strength; ability; capacity 2 [物理學] (改變物體運動狀態的作用) forc...
- 環狀 : cyclic annular; ringlike
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After molting three times, the zoea enter the mysis stage during which they begin to look more like adult shrimp and swim in a characteristic fashion with head and tail pointed downwards at right angles and occasionally performing a sudden retrograde jumping action. this is known as the inversion state, the fry being suspended upside - down in the upper middle region of the pond water. this is, therefore, also called the " inverted suspension phase "
眼幼蟲脫第三次即進入糠蝦期幼蟲期mysis stage ,此期之體形已略成蝦之狀態,且具特有之游泳姿態,即頭部及尾部均向下,成一直角彎曲而時作向後跳躍游動,又因成倒立狀態,懸浮於水中的中上層,又叫倒吊期,此期幼蟲對外界的環境因素,如水溫鹽分等變化,比前兩期來得更具適應力,主要餌料為豐年蝦brine shrimp的幼蟲,但其他大小略同的動物性浮游生物,如橈腳類copepoda輪蟲類rotifera均可。If you still cannot see the cords clearly, an assistant should gently release the cricoid pressure, since this compression can sometimes compromise the view
如果你仍不能清晰地看到聲帶,助手應輕輕地緩解環狀軟骨的壓力,因為此壓迫有時會影響到觀察。On the basis of the sprinkler systems " ringed arrangements, fem is used to build mathematic model of sprinkler systems. the mathematic model applies to both the ringer arrangements and the ramiform arrangements. vb6. 0 is used to compile caculation program, and a practical engineering use it to caculate
在自噴系統環狀布置的基礎上,採用有限單元法建立了同時適用與枝狀管網和環狀管網的自噴系統水力計算的數學模型,採用vb6 . 0編寫計算程序,並用該程序對一示例工程進行實際應用。So it is very important to understand the cyclic deformation behavior of zircaloy - 4. in this paper, bauschinger effect of zircaloy - 4 with different metallurgical state at room temperature and 400 ? is investigated in an incremental step test and cyclic deformation test under constant strain control. bauschinger effect during cyclic deformation is described by using back stress, which is mainly responsible for bauschinger effect ; back stress is attained by using kwl " s method
本文採用單試樣逐級加載循環變形和恆應變幅循環變形試驗,研究了不同冶金狀態、溫度、氫以及固溶處理下的zr - 4合金的bauschinger效應現象;種種結果表明,影響bauschinger效應的主要因素是背應力;本文正是從背應力的角度來分析各種狀態下zr - 4合金的bauschinger效應現象;背應力的計算主要通過使用kwl方法而獲得。Pseudo - static force testing of 1 : 2 scale models of a steel frame with dog - bone connections is first carried out in china in order to obtain elastic - plastic behavior of dog - bone connections steel frames under cyclic loading as well as to analyze collapse characteristic after structural ultimate strength has lost. the influence of dog - bone connection on the coming order of plastic hinges and failure characteristic of steel frame, and the influence of dog - bone ' s shape and position on the behavior of structure is obtained
通過試驗考察了狗骨式連接平面鋼框架結構在循環荷載作用下的彈塑性性能;了解狗骨式連接對結構塑性鉸出現的順序以及結構破壞形態的影響;了解節點處與狗骨處應力發展狀況,探討狗骨削弱的形狀和削弱位置對節點性能的影響。This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces
本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況,在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下,提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系,並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果: ( 1 )研究結果發現,水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素,一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力,另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度,這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性; ( 2 )針對三峽庫區的特殊條件,系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化,從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面; ( 3 )通過對滑體處于旱季(天然狀態) 、雨季(暴雨或長期降雨狀態) 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合,本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況,並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法,使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性; ( 4 )具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統,使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確; ( 5 )將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中,分析結果表明,本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。In this paper, the high - temperature low - cycle fatigue life and fatigue crack propagation life tests are carried on the cylindrical axial symmetry specimens having precrack or non - precrack with different types of notches of 16mnr steel in common use in the petrochemical industry contacting coke drum equipment, the stress / strain and the range of stress / strain of dangerous points are received through stress analysis of the specimens using finite element program under multi - axial stress state. at last, the equations of evaluating the high - temperature low - cycle fatigue life and the fatigue crack propagation life are found through using the least - square regression method
本文採用無預裂紋和帶預裂紋環狀缺口圓柱形試樣,進行了石化焦炭塔設備常用材料16mnr多維應力狀態下不同缺口形式的高溫低周疲勞總壽命試驗及裂紋擴展壽命試驗,並利用有限元程序對試樣缺口周圍及裂紋尖端附近進行了軸對稱多維應力狀態下的應力、應變場分析,來評價材料不同條件下的高溫低周疲勞總壽命和裂紋擴展壽命,最後利用最小二乘回歸方法,得到了該材料高溫低周疲勞總壽命和裂紋擴展壽命評價方程。( 2 ) respectively by elastic theory analyses and methods of structural mechanics, transverse static analytical equations for flexible pipeline rigid pipeline are established whose outcomes are applied in numerical example to compare those with that by finite element method. ( 3 ) considering interaction of filled soil, pipeline and foundation, with an eye to non - linear soil model, in view of the initial geo - stress field and the effects of interface between soil and pipeline, and by finite element method the calculational model and method are built for transverse stress in pipeline. then, by the great finite element analytical software ansys, those outcomes are applied in calculation example of positive buried pipe to educe the distribution of circumjacent soil pressure and stresses on cross section and to compare it with that calculated by conventional ways before those outcomes are applied in engineering case of positive buried pipe with flexible filled materials to confirm distribution of soil pressures after the measure for reduction and to compare it with measurements. as a result, the model set up in this paper is proved to be applicable after all above - mentioned analyses
本文基於彈性理論和有限元原理與方法,分析了上埋式地下管道橫向力學計算方法和性狀並探討了上埋式地下管道的減荷等問題: ( 1 )在分析現有幾種典型的管道垂直土壓力計算方法的基礎上,探討了影響垂直土壓力的主要因素以及改進的方法; ( 2 )分別通過彈性理論分析法和結構力學的方法,建立了地下管道柔性圓環和剛性管涵的橫向靜力計算方程,並應用在算例中,把所得結果和有限元方法所得結果進行對比分析; ( 3 )考慮填土、管道和基礎的共同作用、土體的非線性特性、初始應力場以及土體和管道的接觸面因素的影響,利用有限元的思路,建立了地下管道橫向力學有限元計算模型和方法,並且採用大型有限元分析軟體ansys ,針對上埋式管道工程算例,得出了管周土壓力以及管道橫截面應力的分佈狀況和規律,並和理論值進行對比;針對施加柔性填料的上埋式管道工程實例,得出了減荷后的土壓力分佈,並和實測值進行了對比。The following results of recent researches were presented on measuring stiffness of a wide range of soils such as clay, sand and gravel, characterizing anisotropic properties of soil induced by external loading, measuring stiffness of base and subgrade materials in the pavement, determining soil properties in a centrifuge model during the flight of a centrifuge, and understanding wave propagation in granular materials under micro - gravity environment with this technique
木文報道了壓電陶瓷傳感器應用於粘土、砂和礫石等不同種類土的研究成果,對應力導致土體各向異性的研究,對路基和地基土的力學特性檢測,在離心模型試驗中的應用,以及在微重力環境下的粒狀材料中波的傳播特性的研究等。The reason that the internal defects little occur at the center points and fissure takes an annular form during three - roll rolling was expounded based on the state of stress and strain at the center of rolled pieces
根據軋件內部的應力應變狀態,闡述了三輥軋制軋件中心點缺陷產生可能性較小和斷裂呈環向裂紋的原因。( 5 ) conclusion was obtained by the analyzing and studying the mechanics environment of the rock mass and the landslide on right bank : according to the analysis, the present direction of the maximal principle stress was consistent with the present tectonic stress field, the value of the principle stress increased or reduced in special place, and there was tensile stress region at the 2000m or above it on the left bank, the accumulate and adjustment was very limited in 200 years, the calculated result of the landslide indicated that the landslide on the right bank was stable under the various conditions
( 5 )壩址區河谷巖體力學環境及右岸古滑坡體的穩定問題分析得出:河谷巖體應力場的分析顯示,河谷巖體中主應力的方向基本上與現今區域構造應力場的方向一致,在一些特殊地帶巖體的主應力值有所降低或增高,特別是在左岸的2000m高程附近及以上,存在有明顯張應力區。在未來200年流變計算時步范圍內,河谷巖體應力的積累與調整較為有限。同時對滑坡體各種工況條件下的穩定性計算結果表明,右岸古滑坡體在各種工況條件下是處于穩定狀態的。( 6 ) conclusion was obtained by the analyzing the mechanics environment and the stability of the lanslide on the right bank after the dam built : the value of the rock mass stress increased and the tensile stress region obviously reduced, the direction of the principal stress was unchangeable the dam and the landslide were stable under the dangerous condition ( the reservoir and at the same time the earthquake was viii ), but when the water lever suddenly fell and did not think of other force, safe factor evidently reduced, the dam and the landslide will be destroyed under the most dangerous condition ( the water lever suddenly fell and at the same time the earthquake was vi ) ; the stability of the landslide will be destroyed by the horizontal thrust under the most dangerous condition or ; the physical and mechanical parameter will be reduced due to long period filter, the landslide will be destroyed too
( 6 )建壩工程荷載條件下河谷巖體力學環境分析及右岸古滑坡體的穩定問題分析得出:建壩后河谷的巖體應力量值明顯增高,同時左岸的張應力區的范圍及量值明顯減小,主應力的方向依然與模型的底邊界垂直;大壩建成后逐漸蓄水階段以及同時考慮本區最強地震力的作用等各種不同的工況條件時,滑坡體及壩體總體上仍處于穩定狀態;水位驟降時,在未考慮其他外力作用的情況時,滑體的安全系數將顯著降低。若考慮水位驟降及本區最大地震力的共同作用,壩體將在滑坡體下滑推力的作用下產生破壞;建壩后水平推力對右岸古滑坡體穩定性的影響分析可以看出,在最危險的工況條件下,壩體及滑坡體也將處于臨界狀態;在長期滲透變形的作用下,由於滑帶的物理力學參數的降低而有可能導致壩體失穩破壞。The test - force - ring is especially fit to monitor the strain of the structure real - time and accurately
因此,光纖光柵測力環可以實時精確地監測工程結構的溫度及應力變化狀態。However, the die attach layer delaminated after 500 cycles and pcb cracked in the underfilled samples after long time cycling. c - sam is employed to investigate the delamination in the underfilled samples. highly concentrated stress - strain induced by the cte mismatch between the bga component and the pcb board, coarsened grain and two kinds of intermetallic compounds ( nisn / nisns ) which formed during reflow and thermal cycle and their impact on the reliability of solder joints are discussed in this paper
充膠樣品粗化尤為嚴重; ? ni - sn金屬間化合物包括兩層:其中,靠近ni焊盤的那層比較平整,同時, eds結果分析表明其化學式近似為nisn ,而靠近焊料的那層呈板條狀,化學式近似為nisn _ 3 ,文獻表明其為亞穩相; ?充膠使得樣品最大應力范圍降了接近一個數量級並降低了dnp的作用,同時,器件失效模式變為晶元粘接層分層; ? c - sam結果表明本論文採用的充膠樣品,晶元粘接層分層起始於500周左右,而經過2700周循環的樣品,分層幾乎擴展到整個界面。Based on understanding of many practices of asphalt overlay on old cement concrete pavement in our country and rehabilitation of boai road in zhongshan city, this paper analyzes and studies the rehabilitation technology of old cement concrete pavement systematically, includes : ( 1 ) the assessment for structure characteristic of old cement concrete pavement a correct assessment for pavement distress and structure characteristic of old cement concrete pavement before overlay is the stick point of preventing reflection cracking and guarantee the success of rehabilitation, which requires understanding how the structure characteristic of old pavement effects the stress and reflection cracking of the asphalt overlay
本文在調查了解國內許多舊路改造實踐工程的前提下,基於中山市博愛一路的改造實踐,對舊水泥混凝土路面瀝青罩面改造進行了系統的分析研究。主要的研究內容包括: ( 1 )原有路面結構性能的評估在瀝青混凝土加鋪罩面之前對舊水泥混凝土路面的損壞情況和結構狀況進行正確的評價是解決反射裂縫和保證加罩成功至關重要的一環,其前提就是要了解舊水泥混凝土路面的結構特性對瀝青罩面層中的應力和反射裂縫的影響。Researching on the technology if reverse order is to study strains if pits, structural systems if basement, environmental surwey and underpinnings. on account of emphasizing developing methods if checking strength if pick - ets, modemizing machenes of excavation and studying methods of underpinning is put forward and is a way if controlling the quality of pickets in sites, which leads an active effect ; synthetic application if rankintheory, spatial and time effect theory to excavation tl aanalyze the state of soil force and strain is brought forward and the time effect should be considered in the zone of clay, the formation and development of soil plasticity are analyzed and the most dangerous zone to decide how to excavate and where to begin is found ; analyzing the cause of picket settlement during reverse order and the differential settlement and discussing hlw to solute it. duringh the temporary survey and the environmental warship, bringing rorward the theory of environmental vibration and analyzing the state of soil force and probability of losing stabilization of soil under the effect of environmental vibration ; analyzing the state offeree in underground concrete wall by the method of mathematics and pointing out the place of the maximum force and deformation. based on systematic illustrating the reverse order, problems about application and development of reverse order and suggestions also are expressed
鑒于國內外的研究把重點放在大力發展工程樁的實驗室承載力監測方法與設備、如何使土方開挖機械現代化及對周圍建築的臨測方法上,本文提出了現場利用聲波層析成像技術監測鋼砼樁內部質量的方法與程序,並得出了聲波層析成像技術是砼樁的動態質量檢測的有效手段,這對指導施有積極、現實意義;提出了綜合運用朗肯土壓力理論、基坑空間和時間效應影響理論來分析逆作法施工過程中基坑邊坡土體應力及應變的變化情況,指出粘土地區也應考慮時間效應,並且進一步分析了基坑邊坡土體的塑性區形成和發展,找出邊坡最不利的區域,以確定地下室土體的挖掘的方式和順序,指出憑主觀臆斷與經驗來施工是不可取的;在分析、經較逆作法與大開挖順作法的地下室結構體系受力情況及施工順序的不同,提出了節點處理技術;分析了逆作法施工期間樁的沉降變化原因及由此而產生的差異,並探討了解決的方法;本文還提出了環境振動對土體邊坡穩定產生影響的觀點,並分析了在環境振動影響下,土體的應力狀態及土休失穩破壞概率,並且還運用彈性力學知識和數學分析的方法定量地分析了地下混凝土墻受力狀態,指出了被監測墻體的最大應力、應變位置。In this dissertation, the effect of texture, heat - treatment, and hydrogen on the lcf behavior of zircaloy - 4 and the cyclic deformation behavior for zircaloy - 4, n18 alloy and n36 alloy have been investigated systematically using fully - reversed tension - compression loading under strain control ( r = min / max = - 1 ), while the evolvement of the friction and back stresses versus the number of repeated working cycles and the plastic strain amplitude has been studied, and the thorough discussion combined with the analysis result of fatigue sub - structure, friction and back stresses, and fatigue fracture has been given to the mechanism underlying the lcf behavior of alloys
本文採用對稱拉壓循環變形方法( r _ = _ ( min ) _ ( max ) = - 1 ) ,系統研究了織構、熱處理狀態、氫對zr - 4合金低周疲勞性能的影響, zr - 4合金、 n18合金和n36合金的循環變形行為,並研究了摩擦應力、背應力隨循環周次、塑性應變幅的變化規律。結合疲勞亞結構和疲勞斷口的分析結果,深入探討了影響合金低周疲勞行為的作用機制。The mechanism of reinforcing steel bar under the press or pull is researched and the characteristics under the pull - press cyclic loading is studied in composite foundation. it shows that the stress concentrating on the reinforcing steel bar and the increasing stress can be seen with the increasing of cyclic times. residual strain always exists after unloading without considering the size of pullout force and increases slowly with the cyclic times
探討了復合地基中抗拔鋼筋的受壓受拉機理及在拉壓循環荷載作用下的性狀,研究發現,隨拉壓循環次數的增加,應力向鋼筋集中,鋼筋承受的壓力隨著增大;無論上拔力大小,卸載后都有殘余變形,並隨著拉拔循環次數的增加而緩緩增加;抗拔碎石樁破壞性狀明顯,可明確的得到抗拔碎石樁的破壞荷載。Second, the direct analysis method was applied to determine the residual stress of rolling / sliding contact between cylinder and plane. more over the limit of shakedown load of contact surface layer was computed with different friction affection
對二維滾滑彈塑性接觸的安定狀態,建立循環載荷下接觸安定狀態分析的計算機應用程序,並進行了殘余應變和殘余應力的分析計算。This paper expounds the meaning of ecological security, including the international and domestic discussion, the characteristic and research meaning of ecological security, and then expounds the definition of ecological security evaluation and research development on it. on the basis of this, the author puts forward the definition of grassland ecological security, named that within the range of specific space and time, the inherent structures, outside show and function of grassland ecosystem lies in a state that under existing natural environment pressure and social economic pressure and the mankind ' s positive responses, support and influence that its ecological service can offer to mankind ' s surviving and continuous development of society and economy make human life, production, health and development being in security ; at last expounds the principle of grassland ecological security evaluation and introduces some relevant evaluation methods
本文論述了生態安全的涵義,其中包括國際、國內對其定義的探討以及生態安全的特點和研究意義;接著論述了生態安全評價的定義及其研究進展;在此基礎上,提出草原生態安全的概念,即在具體的時空范圍內,草原生態系統的內在結構、功能和外部表現,在現有的自然環境壓力和社會經濟壓力以及人類的積極響應之下,其所能提供的生態服務對人類生存和社會經濟持續發展的支持和影響,使人類的生活、生產、健康和發展不受威脅的一種狀態。分享友人