生態土壤學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shēngtàitǔrǎngxué]
生態土壤學 英文
edaphology
  • 生 : Ⅰ動詞1 （生育; 生殖） give birth to; bear 2 （出生） be born 3 （生長） grow 4 （生存; 活） live;...
  • 態 : 名詞1. （形狀; 狀態） form; condition; appearance 2. [物理學] （物質結構的狀態或階段） state 3. [語言學] （一種語法范疇） voice
  • 壤 : 名詞1. （土壤） soil 2. （地） earth 3. （地區） area 4. （姓氏） a surname
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 生態 : organism s habits; modes of life and relation to their environment; ecology生態變異 ecocline; 生...
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. Through analyzing guan zi, zhao guo, fan sheng zhi shu, si min yue ling and other agricultural books, some agronomists on agricultural education, it states that in west han and east han dynasties agricultural science and technology made great progress, such as soil and tillage, drainage and irrigation, farm implements, crop cultivation, gardening, silkworm raising and mulberry growing, environment and ecology, agricultural economics and management

    通過對《管子》 、趙過、 《 ?勝之書》 、 《四民月令》等農書及農業科學家農業教育的闡述，指出了兩漢時期的農業教育主要在農業科技教育方面取得進展，具體體現在土壤耕作教育、農田水利教育、農機具教育、作物栽培知識教育、園藝知識教育、蠶桑知識教育、環境生態教育、農業經濟管理教育等方面。
  3. 1. ecological effects of long - term organophasphate pesticides contamination on soil microflora the long - term effects of organophosphate pesticides contamination on soil microflora were investigated in the present study. little difference in total counts of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was observed between the contaminated and the non - contaminated soil. compared with the control there were a slight decrease in total counts of free - living nitrogen - fixer and denitrifying bacteria and a significant increase in those of ammonifying and ammonia - oxidizing and nitrifying _ bacteria in the methylparathion contaminated soil

    一、甲基對硫磷長期污染對土壤微生物的生態學效應研究了有機磷農藥甲基對硫磷長期污染對土壤微生物的影響，實驗表明：土壤細菌、放線菌、真菌總的數量影響不大；自生固氮菌和反硝化細菌數量減少；氨化細菌、亞硝化細菌、硝化細菌的數量在污染土壤中卻有所增加；與對照土壤相比，污染土壤呼吸作用下降了29 . 93 ；氨化作用和硝化作用強度得到增強。
  4. The development of earthworm ecology was constrained by the complex feature of soil, the scarce knowledge of natural history and biogeography of earthworms, and the low efficiency of approaches in field manipulation of earthworm community

    土壤本身的復雜性，蚯蚓自然歷史和生物地理學知識的缺乏，野外控制蚯蚓群落方法的滯后等都限制了蚯蚓生態學的發展。
  5. Relatively few foresters or tree breeders consider the presence of edaphic ecotypes.

    考慮到存在土壤生態型的林學家或樹木育種家相當少。
  6. Along with development of mining in this region, abnormity of heavy - metal endogenetic geochemistry change to heavy - metal inchoative geochemistry, which lead to accumulation and diffusion of heavy metal in mine region of red soil and great red soil area, serious degradation of soil caused by heavy metal pollution, and mine ecological system destroy

    隨著有色金屬采礦業的發展，重金屬的內生地球化學異常轉化向表生地球化學異常。由此，使紅壤礦區土壤乃至大面積紅壤中重金屬積累擴散，造成土壤重金屬污染退化加劇，生態系統遭受嚴重破壞。
  7. With the guidance of foundation theory such as geotechnical engineering, garden vegetation, pedology, soil magnetism and environment engineering and the base of slope ecological protection, this paper studies ecological material protection techniques which is suitable for abrupt rock slope

    本文以巖土工程、園林植被學、土壤學、土壤磁學、環境工程基礎理論為指導，以邊坡生態護坡理論為基礎，研究了適宜巖質陡邊坡生態恢復的生態基材護坡方法。
  8. Experimental studies were conducted at the yucheng comprehensive experimental station of the chinese academy of sciences during the period from march to june in 2003. respiration of a pulverous sandstone soil was studied under cultivation of winter wheat over a growth season. soil ch4 was measured by the static - chamber method combined with gas chromatography ( gc ) technique. the results indicated that the soil of winter wheat field in rapid growth season is a weak sink of ch4

    本文利用靜態箱氣相色譜（ gc ）分析的方法，在中國科學院禹城綜合試驗站，對華北平原冬小麥生長旺季期間麥田土壤中ch _ 4氣體通量進行了測定，試驗起止時間為2003年3 6月，得出華北平原典型冬麥田土壤是大氣ch _ 4的弱吸收匯。
  9. The biological and physiological ecology characteristics of raffia grass were introduced, the relative cultivation and management techniques were summarized, and the effects of bahia grass on the soil and water conservation, the soil improvement, the environment improvement as well as the greening and beautification were expounded

    摘要介紹百喜草的生物學及生理生態學特性，總結百喜草的相關栽培技術管理方法，並闡述百喜草在保持水土、改良土壤、改善環境及綠、美化等方面的作用。
  10. The important roles of springtails in the soil ecosystem, their potential values in the ecological practices and the recent advances and prospects are introduced in the present paper

    本文介紹了跳蟲在土壤生態系統的作用、生態學應用價值以及研究的現狀和展望。
  11. A wealth of bird life and wildlife including endemic golden monkey, red panda, leopard, black bear and takin can also be seen. this area has been selected as a representative long - term ecological study site of subalpine forest ecosystems in southwest of china

    另外，對川西地域獨特的生態環境中土壤微生物、土壤養分及凋落物分解動態等生態因子和生態過程進行研究，可以豐富和拓展我國的土壤生態學的研究領域，發展土壤生態學的理論體系。
  12. From the aspects of agricultural economic and environmental ecological effects, were the effects and mechanism of rare - earth micro - fertilizer to improve the growth, development, quality and yield of the crops ; the adjustment of crops growth by influencing the number of microbial population in soil district and the function of the soil dehydrase, alkaline phosphatase, urease and sucrase ; the ecophysiological effects of alleviating the injure of acid rain, ultraviolet radiation, heavy metal on crops were illustrated ; the sureness of bee ' s use in agricultural was provided, according to the rule of the distribution and enrichment of be in crops

    摘要從農業經濟效應和環境生態效應二方面，論述了稀土肥料促進作物生長、發育，提高作物產量，改善作物品質的效應與機理；影響土壤區系中微生物種群數量和土壤脫氫酶、堿性磷酸酶、脲酶及蔗糖酶的功能，繼而反饋調節作物生長；緩解酸雨、紫外輻射和重金屬傷害作物的生態生理學效應；並以稀土在作物體內分佈與富集規律為參考，探討了稀土農用的安全性。
  13. The leaching and transferring of 95zr in different soils and its actions in several aquatic and terraneous ecosystems were studied by using the isotope tracer techniques. this would provide some basic data for illustrating the behavior of 95zr in different agricultural ecosystems and serve as science according for establishing some safety standard and managing pollution. at one time, environmental pollution arising by poisonous pollutes has been global hotspot problem

    本文採用同位素示蹤技術研究了~ （ 95 ） zr在不同土壤中的淋溶、遷移和在幾種水生及陸生生態系統中的行為，為探明~ （ 95 ） zr在不同農業生態環境中的行為規律提供基礎資料，對制定有關安全標準和污染治理提供了科學依據。
  14. Based on the principles of restoration ecology and main aim of karst vegetation restoration at present, take huajiang canyon with a typical degraded vegetation area located in southwest guizhou as an example, we study bio - ecological features of the volunteer plants with some economic values and the soil environment, for the purpose of making some models of the pioneer plants to popularize

    根據恢復生態學原理和喀斯特區植被恢復的目標，以位於貴州省西南部的典型喀斯特植被退化區花江峽谷為例，通過研究該區具一定經濟價值和推廣價值的先鋒植物的生物生態學特徵和土壤環境，研究適于推廣應用的先鋒植物群落模式。
  15. Based on research progress on economic value of ecosystem services, taking shenzhen for instance, the authors analyze the functions of ecosystem services such as conditioning climate, fixing carbon and releasing oxygen, preserving soil, keeping waterhead, purifying environment, and restraining noises. economic values of all the six kinds of ecological service functions are calculated

    綜述國內外生態系統服務功能價值評估相關研究進展，以深圳市為例，運用生態經濟學原理與方法，闡釋了生態系統調節氣候固碳釋氧保持土壤涵養水源凈化環境和減弱噪聲等生態服務功能，對其經濟價值進行評估。
  16. Based on theories and methods of ecological economics, we explain the functions of ecosystem services in chengdu city, sichuan province of china such as conditioning climate, fixing carbon and releasing oxygen, preserving soil, keeping waterhead, purifying environment, and restraining noises, and estimate the economic value of it

    摘要運用生態經濟學原理與方法，闡釋了成都市生態系統調節氣候、固碳釋氧、保持土壤、涵養水源、凈化環境和減弱噪聲等生態服務功能，對其經濟價值進行評估。
  17. After further purifing the isoloated bacteria, we classified and characterized them, according to their individual form, physiological and biochemical to characterize, characterize to bacteria genus. calculated the total of aerobic bacteria in soil of each senson, the total of bacteria of degrading omethoate, as well as the percentage of each degradation bacteria genus, and measured the physico chemical nature of each seasonal soil sample

    將分離到的菌株進一步純化后，按其個體形態、生理生化特徵，進行分類鑒定，鑒定到菌屬；計算出各季節土壤中的細菌總數、降解有機磷農藥氧樂果的細菌總數以及各降解菌屬的百分比，測出各季節土壤樣品的物理化學性質。
  18. When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer

    2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。
  19. So it plays an important role and demonstrates its unique advantages over other soil animals in the assessment of heavy metal contamination of environment ; this review first briefly summarizes some methodological systems and major parameters ( community structures, species character, survival, growth, reproduction, metallothionein, and enzyme ) used in the study of ecotoxicology and other related biomarkers in applying collembola in ecological risk assessment of polluted soils

    本文簡要概述彈尾目昆蟲在污染土壤生態風險評估中、生態毒理學研究以及其他相關生物標志物研究上的一些方法體系及檢測主要指標參數（群落結構，種群特徵，生存率，生長率，繁殖率，金屬硫蛋白和酶活指標） 。
  20. The red soil region of subtropics is one of the most de nsely populated areas in china in which natural ecosystem has been heavily destr ucted and degraded due to ecological weakness and climatic characteristics

    由於紅壤的生態脆弱性及亞熱帶的氣候特徵，亞熱帶紅壤區成為自然生態系統破壞與退化的嚴重區域，亞熱帶紅壤區的生態退化及生態恢復與重建成為土壤學、水土保持、生態學研究的熱點問題之一。
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