生物指數法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shēngwùzhǐshǔfǎ]
生物指數法 英文
biotic index
  • 生 : Ⅰ動詞1 （生育; 生殖） give birth to; bear 2 （出生） be born 3 （生長） grow 4 （生存; 活） live;...
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  • 指 : 指構詞成分。
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 生物 : living things; living beings; organisms; bios （pl bioi bioses）; biont; thing; life生物材料 biol...
  • 指數 : 1. [經] （比數） index number; index 2. [數學] exponent
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. On the basis of foreign documents, the dissertation firstly describes the morphology, taxonomy, and biological characters of cochineal insects. then, by using artificial climate cases in the lab, according to orthogonal design, 8 lands of combinations of temperature, humidity and light is set, while the temperature has four levels : 15, 20, 25 and 30, and the relative humidity has two levels : 60 % and 80 %, while the light also has two levels : 980 lux and 60 lux. through observations and analysis of hatching percentage, survival percentage of the first instar and during from the second instar to the adult, the population tendency index, generation life cycle, size and eggs of female adult, the development of the cochineal under different conditions is studied

    在收集、整理國外對胭脂蟲的研究資料基礎上，首先從胭脂蟲的形態學、分類學、生物學特性入手，進而在實驗室內利用人工氣候箱，應用正交設計方法，設計了4種溫度、 2種濕度、 2種光照梯度的不同組合，通過測定胭脂蟲的孵化率、 1齡若蟲的存活率、 2齡若蟲至成蟲期存活率、種群趨勢指數、世代歷期、雌成蟲的大小、懷卵量等生物學指標，深入研究胭脂蟲在這些組合下的生長發育狀況，應用數理統計方法，分析出溫度、濕度和光照對各項生物學指標的影響，找出胭脂蟲適宜的室內培育條件，並為野外胭脂蟲的培育提供一定的理論依據。
  3. Purpose : to explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of urological surgical department. method : 2 976 cases of urological surgical patients was investigated retrospectively for the nosocomial infective prevalence in urological surgical department from the april 1996 to april 1999. result : nosocomial ratio in urological surgical department was 4. 87 %, in which 73. 1 % for male and 26. 9 % for female. the infective sites are lower respiratory tract, surgical wound, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract and skin - soft tissues in turn, infection rates were 4. 38 %, 10. 4 %, 13. 6 %, 27. 6 %, 25. 5 %, 30. 3 %, 20. 8 %, 42. 6 % for clean wound, dirty wound, infection wound, artery catheter, venouse catheter, urinary tract catheter, respiratory tract, and general anesthesia respectively. conclusion : the nosocomial infection was not related to age, infection time and the usage of antibiotics ; but was closely related to gender, surgical sites, surgical wound type, invasive operation, the degree of tisk index and micropathogens

    目的:探討泌尿外科醫院感染的危險因素.方法:回顧性調查1996年4月1999年4月間我院泌尿外科手術患者2976例的醫院感染情況.結果:泌尿外科醫院感染率為4 . 87 % ，其中男性佔73 . 1 % ，女性佔26 . 9 % ;感染部位依次為下呼吸道、手術傷口、泌尿道、胃腸道、上呼吸道、皮膚軟組織;類切口術后感染率為4 . 4 % ，類切口術后感染率為10 . 4 % ，類切口術后感染率為13 . 6 % ;動脈插管感染率為27 . 6 % ，靜脈插管感染率為25 . 5 % ，泌尿道插管感染率為30 . 3 % ，呼吸道感染率為20 . 8 % ，全麻感染率為42 . 6 % .結論:醫院感染與患者年齡、感染時間和抗菌藥物使用情況無關，與性別、部位分佈、手術切口類型、侵入性操作、危險指數等級及病原微生物有密切關系
  4. Abstract : purpose : to explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of urological surgical department. method : 2 976 cases of urological surgical patients was investigated retrospectively for the nosocomial infective prevalence in urological surgical department from the april 1996 to april 1999. result : nosocomial ratio in urological surgical department was 4. 87 %, in which 73. 1 % for male and 26. 9 % for female. the infective sites are lower respiratory tract, surgical wound, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract and skin - soft tissues in turn, infection rates were 4. 38 %, 10. 4 %, 13. 6 %, 27. 6 %, 25. 5 %, 30. 3 %, 20. 8 %, 42. 6 % for clean wound, dirty wound, infection wound, artery catheter, venouse catheter, urinary tract catheter, respiratory tract, and general anesthesia respectively. conclusion : the nosocomial infection was not related to age, infection time and the usage of antibiotics ; but was closely related to gender, surgical sites, surgical wound type, invasive operation, the degree of tisk index and micropathogens

    文摘:目的:探討泌尿外科醫院感染的危險因素.方法:回顧性調查1996年4月1999年4月間我院泌尿外科手術患者2976例的醫院感染情況.結果:泌尿外科醫院感染率為4 . 87 % ，其中男性佔73 . 1 % ，女性佔26 . 9 % ;感染部位依次為下呼吸道、手術傷口、泌尿道、胃腸道、上呼吸道、皮膚軟組織;類切口術后感染率為4 . 4 % ，類切口術后感染率為10 . 4 % ，類切口術后感染率為13 . 6 % ;動脈插管感染率為27 . 6 % ，靜脈插管感染率為25 . 5 % ，泌尿道插管感染率為30 . 3 % ，呼吸道感染率為20 . 8 % ，全麻感染率為42 . 6 % .結論:醫院感染與患者年齡、感染時間和抗菌藥物使用情況無關，與性別、部位分佈、手術切口類型、侵入性操作、危險指數等級及病原微生物有密切關系
  5. Previous researchers have always determined the sp atial distribution patterns ( sdp ) of castanopsis kawakamii with a sample - dis tance method. however, the distribution patterns may be affected by the quadrat si ze and, in the course of analysis, the density differences among the cluster plots are not considered ; therefore, differences of cluster plot size and the dispersi on degree among individuals of cluster plots can not be known. authers of this pa per have determined the spatial distribution patterns of castanopsis kawakamii population in different habitats by means of non - quadrat distance method and a nalysed the pattern intensity and grain of the sdp. the pattern intensity is defi ned with the relative density differences and the pattern grain can embody the d ispersion degree of the individuals in the plots, and the dispersion degree among the plots. the determined results are as follows. the intensities of the species range in order from strong to week : litsea mollifolia p. kawakamii i. purpure a r. cochinchinensis c. kawakamii c. carlessii d. oldphamii s. superba. the gra ins of the species queue in order from coarse to close : s. superba = litsea mollif olia r. cohinchinensis c. kawakamii = i. purpurea c. carlessii p. racemosam d. oldp hamii. these determined results tally basiclly with the results authers of this paper have got in determining the same plots by means of aggregate index access ing method. in view of this, it is held that the sdp of c. kawakamii is closely related to the habitats and biological features

    前人都是採用樣方方法對格氏栲種群數量的空間格局進行測定，而格局分佈有可能受樣方大小的影響，且分析過程中沒有涉及聚塊間密度差的問題，因而無法掌握種群的聚塊大小差別及聚塊內個體間的離散程度.本研究採用無樣方距離法，測定不同生境的格氏栲種群空間格局，分析格氏栲種群格局的強度和紋理.強度以聚塊和間隙的密度差來定義，紋理則是體現聚塊內個體間的離散程度與諸聚塊間的分離程度.測定結果表明，格氏栲種群格局強度從高到低排列次序為：木姜子蚊母樹冬青茜草樹格氏栲米櫧虎皮楠木荷；格局紋理從粗到細的順序是：木荷=木姜子茜草樹格氏栲=冬青米櫧蚊母樹虎皮楠.這一測定結果與作者採用聚集度指標測定相同樣地格氏栲種群空間格局的結果基本相符.因此，格氏栲空間格局類型及分佈與格氏栲生物學特性及生境的關系密切
  6. Water quality - physical, chemical and biochemical methods - determination of phenol index : 4 - aminoantipyrine 4 - aminophenazone spectrometric methods after distillation

    水質.第2部分:物理化學和生物化學法.第12節:酚指數測定.蒸餾后4 -氨基安替比林光譜測定法
  7. So it plays an important role and demonstrates its unique advantages over other soil animals in the assessment of heavy metal contamination of environment ; this review first briefly summarizes some methodological systems and major parameters ( community structures, species character, survival, growth, reproduction, metallothionein, and enzyme ) used in the study of ecotoxicology and other related biomarkers in applying collembola in ecological risk assessment of polluted soils

    本文簡要概述彈尾目昆蟲在污染土壤生態風險評估中、生態毒理學研究以及其他相關生物標志物研究上的一些方法體系及檢測主要指標參數（群落結構，種群特徵，生存率，生長率，繁殖率，金屬硫蛋白和酶活指標） 。
  8. Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal

    本文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法，藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據，從闡述社會保障的基本問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢長期造成我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法，目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造成我國農村社會保障長期積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國長期實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制，通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實，指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義，通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。總之，同是作為中華人民共和國公民，無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。
  9. On the basis of limitation law of ecological factors, variable weight principle and method were introduced into establishing a systemic approach of crop ecological adaptability evaluation to avoid the disadvantages induced by subjective weighting method

    根據生態因子的限制原理，在生態因子的稀缺性指數的基礎上，提出了作物生態適宜性分析的變動賦權原理和方法，克服了傳統主觀賦權法的不足，形成了較為系統的作物地域生態適宜性評價分析方法。
  10. On the base of var. analysis significance of the experimental treatment, we investigated crop response to water - salt stress regularity, studied the quantity relationship about crop yield and soil water and salt, established a function about them referring to blank and jense water model. conclusions as follows : ( 1 ) the effect of germinating time and rate emergence are different in soil with different salt content, and limited seriously in heavy saline soil

    在方差分析確認試驗處理顯著的基礎上，對作物生理生育指標（株高、莖粗、葉片數、花盤直徑、干物質量、葉水勢、籽實產量）進行統計分析探索作物水鹽響應規律；研究作物產量與土壤水分鹽分聯合作用的定量關系，參照水分的blank加法和jense乘法模型結構，建立作物水鹽響應模型。
  11. As to the stochastic simulation of stochastic biological processes, if only use stochastic petri net, although it has standard graphics expression, which is isomorphic to markov chain, along with the increase of models ’ scale and complexity, the number of states will increase exponentially, so it is very difficult to analyze models by the method which stochastic petri net has ; if only use stochastic algorithm, which has rapid simulation speed, but lack of intuitive graphical expression

    對于隨機生物過程的模擬，如果只採用隨機petri網模擬生物隨機過程，其優點是形象、直觀，缺點是隨著模型的規模和復雜性的增加，狀態的數量呈指數性地增長，出現模型狀態空間的爆炸問題，用隨機petri網本身的分析方法很難分析整個系統的性能;如果只採用隨機模擬演算法模擬，其優點是速度較快，但是缺少形象的圖形表達，不利於模擬技術的應用。
  12. The joint toxicity of heavy mental ions lead, zinc and cadmium to hydra sp. was evaluated using the additive index method

    摘要以水螅為實驗生物，採用相加指數法，研究了鉛、鎘和鋅3種重金屬離子復合污染物的聯合毒性。
  13. 1506 pieces of the wild ornamental plant pictures were chosen, whose were taken in the filed, were in good condition and can reflect the basic appreciation characteristic. the characteristic criterion was judged by 25 persons including expert, professor, manager and graduate student, who are from the difference research fields in garden plant, forest nursing, forest management and forest conservation. the results were conducted by psychology and physical sense in door

    選取1506張野外拍攝的、效果較好的、能夠客觀反映植物基本觀賞特性的野生觀賞植物照片，以園林植物、森林培育、森林經理、森林保護等專業的專家、教授、管理人員和研究生等25人評判者，採用心理物理學法對野生觀賞植物觀賞特性進行室內評判，得出數量化評價指標。
  14. Non - ionic surface active agents. polyethoxylated derivatives. determination of hydroxyl value. acetic anhydride method

    非離子表面活性劑.聚乙氧基衍生物.羥基指數的測定.酸醋酐法
  15. Digital watermarking and encryption technology based on fingerprint are studied in this paper. with the analysis of current watermarking algorithms and combination of bio - identification technology, a digital watermarking system with insertion and extraction is realized

    本文研究了基於指紋的數字水印和加密技術。在分析當前數字水印技術及演算法的基礎上，結合生物識別技術，實現了一個水印嵌入與提取系統。
  16. And the influence of water condition to growth and yield of crops were discussed briefly. then based on the meteorological data, yield data, drought and flood data of jiangsu province from 1961 to 2000, the water profit and loss of every ten days in the growing period of crops was calculated on the foundation of the water balance formula in every agriculture climate district. the disaster index of drought and flood was confirmed and calculated

    根據江蘇省近40餘年的氣象資料、產量資料和旱澇災害資料，分農業氣候區利用農田水分平衡方程計算了不同作物逐旬水分盈虧量，確定了旱澇災害指數，並用多元積分回歸方法分析了降水對棉花和小麥產量的定量影響，得出作物生長期內逐旬水分敏感指數。
  17. But the jury is still out. there ' s not much evidence to weigh notes jane rissler of the union of concerned scientists. this issue of nontarget effects is just a black hole and epa has very little good data at this point to conclude whether the monarch butterfly problem is real particularly in the long term

    「證據根本就不夠， 」環保科學家協會的瑞斯樂指出， 「基改作物對非目標生物的影響這個問題根本就是個黑洞，環保署目前握有的數據太少，根本無法判斷大樺斑蝶的問題是否嚴重，更遑論長期的評估。 」
  18. The study results showed that it was suitable for assessing the impact of highway route selection on the ecological environment using quantitative analysis indexes of vegetation coverage, biomass, flood detention ability, soil character change, cropland occupation and water and soil erosion, and it was suitable for route selection using the comprehensive ecological impact assessment method

    結果表明，用植被覆蓋率、生物量、滯洪能力、土壤變化、農田佔用、水土流失量等6項指標來定量分析生態影響程度效果較好，採用綜合生態影響評價指數法確定線路的舍取是可行的。
  19. I a study on the comparison between quantitative and semi - quantitative sampling methods for stream macro - invertebrate assemblages quantitative sampling method for stream macro - invertebrates is well used in stream ecological study, and semi - quantitative method is widely used in water quality bio - assessment. the results from comparisons of the number of species, individuals and values of metrics between the two methods were showed as follows : 1

    對定量采樣法和半定量采樣法在個體數、種類數和種類相似性及生物指數等方面關系的研究，為探討半定量采樣法的科學性和實用性，進一步完善水質快速生物評價采樣法（半定量采樣法）提供科學數據。
  20. Chemical tests for raw and vulcanized rubber - determination of bound styrene content of raw styrene - butadiene rubber ; emulsion polymerized : refractive index method

    生橡膠和硫化橡膠的化學試驗.第12部分:用折射指數法測定生苯乙烯-丁二烯乳膠聚合物中苯乙烯的含量
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