生產導期因素 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shēngchǎndǎoyīn]
生產導期因素 英文
lead time factor
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (生育; 生殖) give birth to; bear 2 (出生) be born 3 (生長) grow 4 (生存; 活) live;...
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (人或動物的幼體從母體中分離出來) give birth to; be delivered of; breed 2 (創造財富; 生...
  • : 動詞1. (引導) lead; guide 2. (傳導) transmit; conduct 3. (開導) instruct; teach; give guidance to
  • : 期名詞[書面語]1. (一周年) a full year; anniversary 2. (一整月) a full month
  • : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] (沿襲) follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] (憑借; 根據) on the basis of; in accord...
  • : Ⅰ形容詞1 (本色; 白色) white 2 (顏色單純) plain; simple; quiet 3 (本來的; 原有的) native Ⅱ名...
  • 生產 : 1 (使用工具創造生產、生活資料) produce; manufacture 2 (生孩子) give birth to a child; childbi...
  1. There are some outer and inner reasons, such as monopoly system, latent guarantee from state credit, long period of governmental intervention, imperfection of law, arrangement on the property right of state - owned banks, management system, and personnel system etc., which lead to the phenomenon, that is, stability of surface, imperfection of internality

    銀行業壟斷體制、國家信用的隱性擔保、政府長干預、法律的不完備等外在體制上的原和國有銀行權安排、經營體制、人事制度等內共同致了國有銀行信用外觀堅實、內在缺失的現狀。
  2. The efficiency of making use of economic resources in china is low, and one of the most important reasons about economic performance is that the national industry exists many defects, such as the low economic level of scale, the whole character of business enterprise not getting to increase with product construction over a long period of time, the small business enterprise increasing blindly, which causes the bargain of times increase and the trade expenses rise unduly, the lower degree of profession and cooperation, many more types of business enterprises, but lack of cooperation with the related and large business enterprises in the production, operation etc, so being difficult to take advantage of and share economy scale with big business enterprise ; the bad market performance and so on

    中國經濟發展中資源利用效率低,而經濟效益低下的一個重要原是國有工業發展中存在許多缺陷:規模經濟水平不高,企業整體質和品結構長得不到提高,小企業盲目增加,致交易次數不適當地增多,交易費用上升;專業化協作程度較低, 「大而全」 、 「小而全」的全能型企業大量存在,但缺乏與相關大型骨幹企業在、經營等方面的協作,難以分享大企業規模經濟的好處;市場運作績效差等。
  3. Nonlinear viewpoints on development of science is depended on that the science is the partial system of society system, and it not only has the nonlinear interaction which is the source and motive force of development, but also has strange attractor which lead to order in the disorder, that is science problem and science theory, matthew effect and priority. the development of science also possesses sensitive dependence to the primary condition. it will flux and reflux suffered from the influence of various random factors inside and outside of system

    科學發展的非線性觀立足點就在於科學是社會系統的分系統,它不僅有非線性相互作用,這構成了發展的源泉和動力,更有致無序中有序的奇異吸引子(科學問題與科學理論, 「馬太效應」與「優先權」 ) ,在發展過程中對初始條件也具有敏感依賴性,並受到系統內部、外部的各種隨機的影響而漲落,在常規發展時表現為科學的漸變,也就是量的積累,當漲落放大時就表現為科學革命,即質的改變。
  4. The result of experimentation on coupling effect of water and fertilizers on spring corn in the three gorges reservoir area indicate that water stresslead the effect low of highness and lai, and the most effect is made in shooting stage ; it has a significant positive correlation between the yield of corn and biomass, and hasn ' t none significant positive correlation between the yield of corn and the weight of roots ; the coupling effect of water and n is significant, but the coupling effect of water and k is not significant, the maximum yield of corn condition fitting - water and medium n, corn absorbs n has a threshold value during the growth, and using superfluous n is able to prick up soil drought and crop drought ; water is the leading factor which effects the yield of corn, next is n and k

    摘要三峽庫區春玉米盆栽水肥耦合試驗研究結果表明,水分脅迫致玉米株高和葉面積指數降低,以拔節受到影響最大;玉米量與物量呈顯著正相關關系,量與根重無顯著正相關關系;水氮耦合效應顯著,適宜水分和中氮處理下玉米的量最高,玉米長發育對氮肥的吸收存在一定的閾值,過多施用氮肥會加劇土壤乾旱和作物乾旱,水和鉀耦合效應對玉米量影響不顯著;水分是影響玉米量的主,其次是氮效應和鉀效應。
  5. The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate

    論文的模型探討了下列和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系:商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化,在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本,這一過程會致信貸配給;商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會致信貸配給;宏觀經濟緊縮時價格下降會致信貸配給;商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化,近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發變化,這一變化過程可能致信貸配給;在市場分化的條件下,收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給;在經濟下滑時,商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸;利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄,利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度:在利率市場化條件下,弱勢借款者,包括中小企業,遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解,但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。
  6. Newly - built bridges gradually become unsound bridges with time. as they age, deterioration caused by heavy traffic and aggressive environmental conditions have a great effect on their serviceability and load carrying capacity

    在橋梁存續間內,由於車輛,特別是超重車輛行使,以及橋梁在內外各種不利的相互作用和影響下,致橋梁結構病害、出現缺陷,嚴重影響到橋梁的正常使用及其承載能力。
  7. In the wave trough of the pressure curve, the pressure may be then if the rocket is accelerating or if it has assembling defects, the early explosion of the grenade on the ballistic may be caused

    該模型的微分方程計算結果表明微小彈簧在彈道上的振動過程會使電桿的受壓性變化,尤其是在一些波谷處,電桿幾乎不受壓力,此時如果有火箭加速和其它裝配缺陷等的影響,就會引起彈丸在彈道上的早炸。
  8. The postwar inflation, the pressure to meet the rising expectations of a high - consumption society, the rising divorce rate, which left many women responsible for their own economic well - being ? all combined to create among women a high demand for paid employment

    戰后的通貨膨脹,滿足高消費社會群體更大的壓力,離婚率的上升迫使婦女自謀路,這些致婦女對有償工作的大量需求。
  9. The primary factor of soil erosion is the erosion of yanshan period granite, the secondary factor is heavy rainfall, and the inducing factor is human activity

    水土流失的主是燕山花崗巖分佈的丘陵區巖體結構遭到破壞;從屬是持續強烈的降雨,從而加劇了水土流失;激發是人類工程活動對地質環境的破壞。
  10. Finally, a new decision - making method would be proposed to ensure that the operation manager of the firm could make a correct decision on whether the factory ’ s capacity should be changed as well as its volume. consequently the uncertainty of the long range capacity planning in semiconductor manufacturing could be controlled effectively. then the high level uncertainty analysis of long range capacity planning ? factory ’ s space resource planning was discussed in detail

    本文首先對半體長能力計劃過程中的不確定性進行了研究:定義能力計劃過程中的關鍵不確定性;量化這些關鍵不確定能力的影響;在此基礎上,提出一種新的決策方法,保證工廠運營管理者正確做出是否改變以及改變多少能力的決策,從而達到有效地控制半體長能力計劃過程中不確定的目的。
  11. Meanwhile, from the angle of system change, it is proved that the change of factors centering on productive forces, causes the existence of the external profit, which is not available under household responsibility system, thus leading to the need for a new system. this shows that the balance of the previous farmland property rights system has been broken, and there is necessity and inevitability to innovate and perfect the current farmland, property rights. moreover, the reduction of system innovation cost and the increase of anticipated profit add to t

    從制度變遷的角度論證了:由於以力為中心的諸項了變化,致了家庭承包制下無法取得的「外部利潤」的客觀存在,從而引致了新的制度需求,說明了農地權制度的原有均衡已被打破,對現行農地權制度進行創新完善具有了必要性和客觀必然性;而由於制度創新的成本下降、預收益提高
  12. This text make use of the system on the domestic and international risk of understanding which lead to audit practicing to study the present condition ' s foundation with are theories, deduces, and research methods, such as, attestations and analysis etc., factors of right audit risk down audit risk that theories of construction in the problem proceeds analysis research look for the theories fulcrum to lead to the audit theories and possibility towards risk lead to audit risk model that problem proceed analysis research. this paper brings up the fourth main factor project, and also is distinction of audit report risk with audit occupation risk, announcing to public audit risk actuality conversion, pointing study to operate the influence of the risk factor. to the model that risk of perfect audit risk of function, here the foundation study have the maneuverability to lead to the audit procedure and method problems with the period of the right fulfillment which have the leading meaning

    20世紀80年代中,審計風險成為審計理論界和實務界研究的熱點和難點問題,為彌合審計望差距,降低審計職業風險,在實踐中了一種以風險評價為中心的審計模式,即風險向審計模式,該模式的出現對審計理論與實務影響都是深遠的,但目前還未形成統一的認識,尚有許多問題需要研究和解決,本文在了解國內外風險向審計實踐和理論研究現狀的基礎上,利用系統,演繹,實證,分析等研究方法,對審計風險下審計理論結構的問題進行分析研究,以尋求風險向審計的理論支點,以及對風險向審計風險模型問題進行分析研究,提出四要方案,也就是區分審計報告風險和審計職業風險,揭示審計風險現實轉化的可能性,重點探討經營風險的影響,對完善審計風險模型的作用,在此基礎探討具有可操作性的風險向審計程序與方法問題,以對實踐具有指意義。
  13. As umbirfpa is a new type of infrared detecting device, its work principle is complex and its performance is affected by many factors. in the initial stage of developing, the design experiment and theoretical understanding are little interiorly. furthermore, the problems such as sensitivity reduced, dynamic range shortened, nonuniformity increased come forth if umbirfpa is not designed properly

    Umbirfpa是一種新型的紅外探測器件,微測輻射熱計的工作原理復雜,其性能受到很多的影響,目前國內尚處于發展初,缺少實際的設計經驗和理論認識,同時umbirfpa又是在集成電路工藝線上的,投資大、周長,如果設計不當,不僅可能致靈敏< wp = 13 >度降低、動態范圍縮小、噪聲增大、非均勻性增大等問題,更可能的是根本就不能用於成像,從而造成很大損失。
  14. Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms

    通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到:對合作的認識和遵循的指思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大;在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路;必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預權結構、組織壟斷、規模等的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業物性、地域分散性和的隨意性,同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析,農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性,所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。
  15. The thesis bases on the asumption that chinese urban residents income distribution gap growth in the institution transition, according to income distribution by labor and production resources altogether and let it be the base of theory analysis, i apply normative and positive economics methods to analysis chinese urban residents income facts systematicaly and hope to set up a theory analysis model that bases on the two distribution means about urban residents income distribution gap under socialist market economy system. my basic methods is : firstly i abstractly analysis the different issues on residents income distribution of per main economics school in different development stages, after i apply institution change theory on analysing different revenue collectivity redivising and reuniting and which introduces different revenue distribution fact : again i research chinese urban residents size income distribution gap by positive analysis, at the same time i propose to discuss the general causes and special causes ; at the end, i have the thought about the theory of urban residents size income distribution in system transition and macroeconomic management policy. under the path, the thesis can be divided into 5 parts

    本文立足於體制過渡時我國城鎮居民收入分配差距擴大這一假說,以按勞分配和按分配相結合為分析的理論基礎,運用規范分析和實證分析的方法,對過渡時我國城鎮居民分配狀況進行了系統和比較深入的分析,希望構建一個在社會主義市場經濟體制下,以兩種分配方式相結合為基礎的有關城鎮居民收入分配差距的一個理論框架。分析的基本思路:首先從理論史的角度對社會經濟不同發展階段各主要經濟學流派關于居民規模收入分配的理論觀點進行概括性評析,然後運用制度變遷理論分析我國體制過渡時各個利益集團的分化整合所致的利益分配格局的變化及其特徵表現;然後,再對中國城鎮居民規模收入分配差距進行實證分析,並探討差距形成的一般原和特殊原;最後,對我國體制過渡時城鎮居民規模收入差距和我國的宏觀調控和管理的政策理論提出自己的一些思考和建議。沿著這一思路,將全文分為五個部分進行分析。
  16. Covered topics include the dilemmas, misperceptions, crimes and blunders that caused wars of the past ; the origins of these and other war - causes ; the possible causes of wars of the future ; and possible means to prevent such wars, including short - term policy steps and more utopian schemes

    囊括之主題包含致過去戰爭之困境、錯誤認知、罪行和失策;以及上述問題之根源及其他的戰爭成;可能致未來戰爭之;和預防此類戰爭之可能方法,包括短的政策措施和較理想化的架構。
  17. Early age cracking of concrete has re - emerged as an important issue all over the world in recent years. the stress, due to restrained volume change related to thermal deformation and shrinkage in the early age concrete, is the main driving force for the deleterious cracking in the construction stage. during the development of the stress, creep, a very important property of concrete, is always developing. creep contributes to 40 ? - 50 ? reduction of the elastically induced stress in the restrained specimen. ring test, a qualitative test, can provide information to assess the potential for cracking of different concrete. an overview of ring test developed in recent years and mechanism of uniaxial tensile creep test is described in this paper at first. then, an innovative test equipment based on ring test is outlined

    近年來混凝土早裂縫問題再次引起全球工程界的廣泛關注.早混凝土由於體積變形受到約束而的應力是致混凝土開裂的主要.在混凝土應力發展的同時,混凝土徐變也在同時發著變化.有研究表明,徐變能減少40 ? - 50 ?的早應力.圓環試驗是用於定性評價混凝土材料抗裂性能的試驗方法之一.本文首先分析了圓環試驗和單軸拉伸徐變試驗的原理,創造性地將圓環試驗用於測量早混凝土的干縮徐變,並設計了試驗方案
  18. In the last part, the situation of the application of ec is outlined, and the facts that impeded the development of ec are presented : the imbalance of supply and demand with regard to the infrastructure of network, the lackey of confidence of consumer and firms on ec because of the lackey of credit in economy life, and the difficulties of how to adapt to and protect the new product style of ec by state legal system. we pointed out that, several aspects, such as fiscal tax revenue, law and enactments, the safety of information, admission of market, the perspectives of information, and technolocrats, will persistently impeded the development of ec. in china, the application of ec should be dominated by firms and conducted by government, which should as soon as possible enact the relative law regarding to taxation, electronic paying, digital signature, certification authority, intellectual property on web, etc. the national physical distribution system, the financial monitory system, the system of credit of firms as well as consumers should be completed

    在最後一個部分,文章簡述了我國電子商務應用的現狀,用博弈論方法分析了制約我國電子商務應用發展的幾個主要原:網路基礎設施的供需失衡、經濟活中的信用意識缺乏致的消費者和企業對電子商務應用中的普遍的不信任及國家法律制度如何適應和保護電子商務這種新的方式等,並指出,財政稅收、法律法規、信息安全、市場準入、信息觀念、技術人才等幾個方面的問題將是長阻礙電子商務發展的,電子商務在我國的應用要走企業為主體、政府引的路子,政府應盡快制定有關稅收、電子支付、電子簽名、身份認證、網上知識權等方面的法律法規,建立覆蓋全國的現代化物流配送體系,健全和完善金融監管體系,特別是企業信用體系和消費者信用體系的建設,大力推進企業信息化建設,創造發展環境,完善保障機制,加快人才培養。
  19. Based on the retrospect and review of existent literature, spatial monopolization and rival strategy are accepted but the angle discussing the effect that product differentiation works on cooperation will be changed from producer. by re - constructing function of consumer utility and introducing in consumer preference, the degree of product differentiation may be denoted by the degree of consumer preference. the influence that product differentiation works on critical discount factor d can be obtained by introducing in one - shot price game and repeated game, from which we can learn the influence that product differentiation works on cooperation

    圍繞bertrand悖論的所展開的爭論,為進一步展開對這一問題的分析提供了豐富的工具和背景知識,在對已有的理論文獻加以回顧引述的基礎上,保留原有的空間壟斷概念和競爭策略的同時,改變單純從者角度來論述品差異度對企業合作的影響,重新構造消費者效用函數,引入消費者偏好,以消費者的偏好的大小來表示品之間的差異度,通過單時和無限博弈模型來論證品差異度(消費者偏好程度之比)對臨界折現子的影響,進而論證其對企業間進行合作所影響;效用函數的引入使得價格和運輸成本不再是決定消費者購買的唯一,消費者對品的選擇不完全取決于消費者的位置,這會致企業間定價和市場份額的非對稱性變化。
  20. Now most oil fields have been high water - cut, so studing fluvial sandbody architecture can provide important academic evidence to realize the distribution of remained oil and hold peak or settled production, fn addition to, how to combine the facts of macroscopical and microcosmic, and how to combine the result of well network and fields outcrop. then instruct production and practice, which is the stress of this article

    在目前大多數主力油田已進入高含水的形勢下,研究河道砂內部建築結構,可以為了解剩餘油分佈規律,保持油田高,提供重要的理論依據。此外,如何將宏觀與微觀的結合起來,將密井網研究成果及野外露頭研究成果有機的結合起來,用於指油田實踐,也是本次研究的重點之一。
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