直接觀測法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhíjiēguāncèfǎ]
直接觀測法 英文
method of direct o ervation
  • 直 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （成直線的; 硬挺的） straight; stiff 2 （跟地面垂直的; 從上到下的; 從前到后的） erect; v...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 直接 : direct; immediate
  • 觀測 : observe; observation; viewing
  1. We have a china - specific antidumping and circumvention program to closely watch and directly address any market - altering changes as soon as they occur, as well as a subsidies group that will monitor china s provision of financial assistance and state aids to industrial enterprises to ensure that they conform with wto commitments. these five points are focusing our china experts to achieve the most complete results possible, but the secretary himself is also keenly interested and involved in pushing for u. s. business when the lower channels do not open

    最後，除了鼓勵出口商利用機會的四項措施以外，市場準入和履約處以及整個商務部將積極監測貿易流通情況，防止在進口中出現意外。我們有一個專門針對中國的反傾銷反規避項目，以密切注視和隨時直接處理使市場反常的變化。我們還有一個補貼問題小組，觀察中國向工業企業提供金融幫助和政府援助的情況，確保這些做法符合對
  2. It was the first trial to employ the newly equipped migration data acquisition and analysis system for the scanning entomological radar and, a twin light - trap developed in china for, systematic long - term observations of migration of the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua, beet webworm loxostege sticticalis and cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera in northern china the study provided direct evidence for the migration of 5 ". exigua in china, many parameters of migratory behaviour of the three species of insects, a better understanding of the relationship between migratory behaviour and wind or temperature field. the results enriched the theory of migration and provided new scientific knowledge for pest management in china

    本研究初步闡明了我國華北地區空中昆蟲群落結構，首次使用我國自行研製的掃描昆蟲雷達的數字化數據採集及分析系統，及價廉、高效的姊妹燈誘蟲法對華北地區甜菜夜蛾spodopteraexigua 、草地螟loxostegesticticalis和棉鈴蟲helicoverpaarmigera的遷飛進行了長期系統地觀測，得到了甜菜夜蛾在我國北方遷飛的直接證據，三種害蟲遷飛行為的若干參數，認識了昆蟲遷飛行為與風溫場的關系，豐富了昆蟲遷飛理論，為我國害蟲的治理提供了科學依據。
  3. The purposes of the present study were to investigate ( 1 ) the hemodynamic effects of agmatine in anaesthetized dahl salt - sensitive ( ds ) hypertensive and dahl salt - resistant ( dr ) rats ; ( 2 ) the effect of agmatine on vascular tension in the isolated aortic artery of rats and the underlying receptor mechanism ; ( 3 ) the effects of local injection of agmatine on femoral, renal, and mesenteric vascular beds by constant flow perfusion method ; ( 4 ) the effect of agmatine on l - type calcium current ( / ca - t ) in rat ventricular myocytes with whole - cell configuration of the patch - clamp technique ; ( 5 ) the effects of agmatine on free intracellular calcium concentration ( ca2 + d of isolated rat ventricular myocytes

    （ 3 ）採用後肢、腎臟和腸系膜動脈在體恆流灌注法，觀察向灌流環路中直接注射胍丁胺的血管效應。 （ 4 ）應用全細胞膜片箝技術，觀察胍丁胺對大鼠心室肌細胞l -型鈣通道電流（ i _ （ ca - l ） ）的影響。 （ 5 ）用fluo3 - am負載分離的大鼠心室肌細胞后，由激光共聚焦法測定單個心室肌細胞[ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i的熒光強度，觀察胍丁胺對分離大鼠心室肌細胞內游離鈣濃度（ [ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i ）的影響。
  4. Methods : to observe with cyanomethemoglobin and indirectly measurement

    方法：以氰化高鐵血紅蛋白法及直接測定法觀察。
  5. Currently, the main methods used to measure the fiber / matrix interface properties of composite were based on micro - mechanics, including single - fiber composites fragmentation test ( sfc ), micro - debonding technique, single - fiber pull - out test, and single - fiber push - out test, in which sfc was most widely used

    目前直接用來測定纖維增強復合材料界面力學性能的主要微觀力學方法有單纖維復合材料斷裂實驗（ sfc ） 、微脫粘方法、單纖維拔出法、單纖維頂出法，其中以單纖維復合材料斷裂實驗的應用最為廣泛。
  6. Based on the firsthand observation information obtained from air observation, this paper gived a second extrapolation to aircraft possible flight path and made checks on targets relativity by the method of utility function overall evaluation, accomplished the data fusion of targets information, and resolved the problem of relating of air observation information fusion and flight path extrapolation

    摘要在得到對空觀察哨直接觀測信息的基礎上，對目標可能航向進行二次外推，並利用效用函數綜合評估法對目標相關性進行檢驗，完成對目標信息的融合，解決了觀察哨情報數據關聯和航跡外推問題。
  7. As we know, there exist some defects in solving normal equation system. in order to overcome the shortcomings, the singular - value decomposition method and its applications in direct solving the ill - conditioning observation equation are studied

    最後針對法方程解算方法存在的缺點，主要研究了矩陣的奇異值分解技術在直接解算病態觀測方程中的應用。
  8. The results of research reveals the variation disciplinarian and the affected factor, defines the factor limiting the urban regional development. all these offer scientific references for reasonable city planning, municipal building project planning, reasonable arrangement of land use, the confirmation of land use intensity and the improving land use benefit. and a series of methods we have explored can apply the practical manipulation of grading and assessing urban land, which contribute to enhance working efficiency, shorten the time of evaluation, enhance the updating of urban land price, establish a system of dynamic superviso ry control and examination, and enhance accuracy and objectivity of urban land - rated evaluation

    再由球形檢驗和主成份分析、信度分析、多元回歸分析的技術路線，逐層遞深地解譯影響城市地價的主要因素及相互數量關系，其研究結果揭示了城市地價的變化規律和影響因素、明確了限制城市區域發展的因素，為合理的城市規劃，市政建設項目規劃，合理安排土地用途，確定土地利用強度，提高土地利用效益等提供了科學依據，同時探索的系列化方法可直接應用於城市定級估價的實際操作中，有利於提高工作效率，縮短估價時間，提高城市地價的現勢性，建立地價動態監控和測算系統，又可提高城市定級估價的準確度和客觀性，在理論上、學術和實踐上均有積極意義。
  9. According to the characteristics of dtc ( direct torque control ) in induction machine, this paper analyzed the estimation error of flux linkage and torque, and introduced an improved method of flux estimation, a compensation method based on low - pass filter

    摘要根據感應電機直接轉矩控制的特點，對低速下磁鏈觀測誤差產生的原因進行了分析，給出了一種磁鏈觀測的改進方法低通濾波器補償法。
  10. In the paper, a speed estimator based on artificial neural network is designed according to the principle of direct torque control, the speed estimator is optimized by genetic algorithm, and the parameters of pid speed adjuster is also optimized by genetic algorithm. a stator linkage and torque observer based on stator resistance estimator using fuzzy neural network is also designed. eventually, the intelligent control of direct torque control system is implemented

    本文根據異步電動機直接轉矩控制原理，在應用人工神經網路進行速度辨識的基礎上，利用遺傳演算法對神經網路速度辨識器進行了優化設計；運用遺傳演算法對pid速度調節器的結構和參數進行了整合；在採用模糊神經網路對電機定子電阻辨識的基礎上，進行了定子磁鏈及轉矩的觀測，為最終實現無速度傳感器直接轉矩控制系統的智能控制創造了條件。
  11. The direct optimal model of multi - objective mixed discrete variables for lager - scale water supply system was established, by replacing complicated network hydraulic equation with nodal pressures macroscopic model and relationship model between pump stations flow and head in water supply systems without tanks or towers, genetic algorithm was developed to solve the direct optimal model

    以測壓點壓力宏觀模型、水源供水量和水源供水水頭之間的關系模型替代復雜的管網水力平衡方程，建立了大型供水系統的多目標混合離散變量的直接優化調度模型。在沒有水池和水塔的供水系統中，利用遺傳演算法對直接優化調度模型進行求解。
  12. Methods 13 indicators of measurement were carried out on lower limbs of 225 undergraduates with human surveying instrument

    方法對湖南地區255例成人的下肢進行直接測量與觀察研究，共測量13項，並進行統計分析。
  13. Aim at the dtc ' s blemish mentioned above and the direction of dtc technique development, the dissertation put great emphasis on the work as follows, with an eye to exalt dtc system function : ( 1 ) a new speed - flux observer of an induction motor is proposed to enhance the accuracy of flux observing, which is an adaptive closed - loop flux observer and different from the traditions. a new adaptive speed - observation - way is deduced out according to the popov ' s stability theories ; ( 2 ) to improve the performance of dtc at low speed operation, we have to exalt the accuracy of the stator flux estimation and a new way of bp neural network based on extended pidbp algorithm is given to estimate and tune the stator resistance of an induction motor to increase the accuracy of the stator flux estimation ; ( 3 ) digital signal processor is adopted to realize digital control. an device of direct torque control system is designed for experiment using tms320lf2407 chip produced by ti company ; ( 4 ) bring up a distributed direct torque control system based on sercos bus, sercos stand for serial real time communication system agreement which is most in keeping with synchronous with moderate motor control ; ( 5 ) the basic design frame of the hardware and software of the whole control system is given here and some concrete problem in the experiments is described here in detail

    針對上面提到的直接轉矩控制的缺陷和未來直接轉矩控制技術發展方向，本論文重點做了以下幾個方面的工作，目的在於提高dtc系統的綜合性能： （ 1 ）提出一種新型的速度磁鏈觀測器，新型的速度磁鏈觀測器採用自適應閉環磁鏈觀測器代替傳統的積分器從而提高磁鏈觀測的精度，並且根據popov超穩定性理論推導出轉速的新型自適應收斂律； （ 2 ）改善系統的低速運行性能，主要從提高低速時對定子磁鏈的估計精度入手，提出了一種提高定子磁鏈觀測精度的新思路? ?利用基於bp網路增廣pidbp學習演算法來實時在線地修正定子電阻參數； （ 3 ）採用數字信號處理器dsp實現系統全數字化硬體控制，結合ti公司生產的tms320lf2407晶元，設計了直接轉矩控制系統的實驗裝置； （ 4 ）提出了基於sercos總線網路化分散式的直接轉矩控制系統， sercos （ serialrealtimecommunicationsystem ）是目前最適合同步和協調控制的串列實時通信協議； （ 5 ）基本勾勒出整個控制系統的硬體和軟體設計基本框架，詳細描述一些實驗中的具體的細節問題。
  14. The results of simulations and experiments not only demonstrate that the method of rotor flux estimation on the basis of the voltage model is used in the range of high speed, but also show that the method of flux estimation affects the validity of speed identification directly

    針對1 . 1kw異步電機進行了實驗，模擬和實驗結果都表明電壓模型磁鏈觀測法適用於高速場合，同時說明磁鏈觀測方法的優劣直接影響到電機轉速辨識結果的準確性。
  15. It ca n ' t realize adding precipitator by measure, which traditionally depends on naked eyes to detect the quantity of adding alum in the deposition pools. as a result, there are the problems such as consuming alum without measure and difficulty to control water quality, which is n ' t adaptive to great demand of water quality

    對於水廠沉澱池中明礬添加量的檢測，傳統的方法是通過人的肉眼進行觀察，無法達到真正意義上的計量投加，直接造成明礬混凝劑的過分消耗、水質情況難于掌握等問題，與日益提高標準的水質要求不相適應。
  16. This paper discusses the limitation of the traditional method to measure the relationship between international trade and economic growth, establishes a new mode, measures the direct and indirect effect of export on economic growth, and on the basis of this surveys and evaluates objectively the status, function and contribution of international trade in the economic growth of our country

    摘要文章論述了傳統的對外貿與經濟增長關系的測算方法存在的缺陷，建立了新的模型，測算了我國出口對經濟增長的直接效應和間接效應，從而對我國外貿在我國經濟發展中的地位、作用和貢獻做出一個較客觀的測量和評價。
  17. In this thesis, based on mathematic model and real condition, analysis and compare of different control methods are carried out at first. then a propriety control law and optimized parameters are choosen and used into multi - body model in simpack. finally, kinds of dynamic character curves after measurement and calculation are given

    論文首先在數學建模的基礎上，根據實際情況，詳細分析對比了直接狀態反饋控制、 pid控制和狀態觀測器控制等常用的磁浮列車懸浮控制方法，然後將合適的控制規律及優化的控制參數用於simpack中的多體模型，通過計算，給出懸浮穩定性、運行平穩性以及列車曲線通過等動力學特性曲線。
  18. 2 ) through many numeral experiment, using the crack face ' s slant angle and azimuth angle as parameters, we found some relations between three - dimension fractal parameters and two - dimension fractal parameters in rock mass : ds = ( 1. 0 + 0. 031 ) * dl + ( 1. 0 + 0. 0395 ), ns = nl, v = 1. 5986 * ( 2 - dl ) - 3. 2935 * sin ( st ) + 3. 8263, and found a way to speculate three - dimension fractal parameters from two - dimension fractal parameters. lt is the foundation to describe the distribution laws of crack face in rock mass by the observing results through rock mass section crack, 3 ) this paper constructed the three - dimensional fractal emulation theoretical system and erected three - dimensional fractal emulation model about crack face in rock mass 4 ) a emulation system about crack face in rock mass is developed by vc + +, it includes the function to get section plane chart and section block chart from three - dimensional network chart automatically, and some of the emulation examples is given

    2 ）通過大量數值試驗，以巖體裂縫面的傾角與方位角為紐帶，分析得出了巖體裂縫面數量三維分形分佈參數和巖體裂縫跡線二維分形分佈參數的關系： d _ s = （ 1 . 0 0 . 031 ） * d _ l + 1 . 0 0 . 0395 ， n _ s = * n _ 1 ， = 1 . 5986 * （ 2 - d _ l ） - 3 . 2935 * sin （ st ） + 3 . 8263並提出了由二維分形幾何參數來推導三維分形幾何參數的方法。為通過巖體剖面裂縫直接觀測結果，描述巖體裂縫面分佈規律奠定了基礎。 3 ）本文構建了巖體裂縫面的三維模擬理論體系，建立了巖太原理二大學周眨d二研究生學位論文體裂縫面的三維分形模擬模型。
  19. Since there was no technique to observe directly under three - dimensional situation and no reliable physics exploiting technology, the three - dimension distribution law of crack face was not found yet

    三維情況下，由於無法進行直接觀測，又缺乏可靠的物理測試技術，致使巖體裂縫面的三維分佈規律遠沒有得到解決。
  20. The planck length is far too small to be within the direct reach of either conventional microscopes or less conventional ones such as high - energy particle colliders ( which probe “ merely ” down to about 10 - 19 meter )

    普朗克長度太小了，無法以傳統顯微鏡或是較先進的高能粒子對撞機（僅能探測到10 - 19公尺）直接觀測。
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