相對價值形成 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìjiàzhíxíngchéng]
相對價值形成 英文
relative form of value
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. In addition, the author find that the two indices : c / p and e / p are not valid indices to distinguish value stock from glamour stock, and two - dimension indices have better ability to distinguish value stock from glamour stock than one - dimension indices, which is same as lsv ( 1994 ). finally, the evidence of return mean - reverting from this chapter support the ideas of debondt & thaler ( 1985 ) on stock overreaction

    而且作者發現c用和e護指標並不是劃分價值投資組合和魅力投資組合的有效指標。而且二維指標對價值投資組合和魅力投資組合的區分能力高於一維指標，這與lsv （ 1994 ）的結論相同。最後，價值組合和魅力組合在組合形成前後的收益率反轉現象也支持了debondt & thaler （ 1985 ）有關股票市場存在過度反應的觀點。
  3. Early in the thirties of the last century, the western economists began the study on dividend policy. there were three groups, the left, the right and the center. le ftist advocated low dividend, rightist maintained high dividend and center did not think dividend policy is relevant to enterprise valuation, they were called classical theory, later on, they have developed into modern dividend theory, including residual dividend theory, clientele effect theory, ownership structure theory, agency theory, signaling theory and transaction cost theory, etc.

    早在上世紀三十年代，西方經濟學家就開始了對股利政策的研究，形成了主張低股利的「左派」 、主張高股利的「右派」及認為股利高低與企業價值無關的「中間派」 ，其中前二者稱為股利相關論，後者稱為股利無關論，三者共同構成古典股利理論。
  4. The theory of right of formation has been known for over 100 years. despite the german scholar emil seckel had first made the concept in 1903, nowadays the chinese system of right of formation is still undeveloped, with wide gaps in existing legislation and little relevant research involved. therefore, there is practical and academic value in the research on this subject

    形成權理論為德國學者emilseckel於1903年提出，至今雖有百余年歷史，但我國對形成權制度的構建尚處于初級階段，不僅現行立法存在諸多疏漏，而且相關理論研究也很少有人涉足，因此本論題的研究具有現實意義和理論價值。
  5. Secondly, the core conception of cognitive towards information science is " human as essence ", and bring forward that the information system is one that can boost up and magnify the existence value, ability and specialty of " human ", and provide users a system which is active and unforced, rather than force users to arduously adapt system. thirdly, from the visual angle of cognitive, information - seeking or information - using is a kind of cognitive behavior in essence. fourthly, cognitive style is the development trend of future information retrieve system, it can reveal the thinking - process of users during retrieving on - line, in order to help users to develop their knowledge configuration

    首先，認知觀可集成情報科學的相關領域，從而為形成統一、有效的情報科學提供體系結構；第二，情報學認知觀把「以人為本」作為它的核心觀念，提出情報系統設計的任務是要設計出增強和放大「人」的存在價值、能力和特長的系統，使提供給用戶的情報系統是一種積極自然，而不是要求他們花力氣去適應的系統；第三，從認知角度來看，情報查尋和利用從根本上說是一項認知行為；第四，認知風格將是未來情報檢索系統的發展趨勢，這樣可以揭示聯機檢索過程中的用戶思維過程，以便有助於用戶知識的發展；第五，知識的進化與認知活動有密切關系，人的知識結構對外來信息的吸附、同化、選擇、建構和實現社會化的過程，其實就是知識的進化；第六， 「知識結構」將成為情報學認知觀研究的重點。
  6. The traditional feudal teaching content " san cong si de " was thrown away completely and new science knowledge was. introduced. the class teaching system was brought in and elicitation method was used in the classroom, and experiment and practice were paid special attention. the combination of traditional and modern education management formed a particular model of missionary girl education, which could offer knowledge and capability to girls and enable more and more educated girl to find jobs and show their life value in the society

    在教育觀念上，首開女禁，創辦女學；在教育體制上，形成了男女分校、男女合校，從小學?中學?大學完整的教育體系；在課程設置上，從小學?中學?大學有完整的課程體系，各階段內容前後銜接，相對完整；在教育教學上， 「三從四德」等傳統女子教育內容被根本否定，而代之以新興的科學知識，運用班級授課制實行啟發式教學，注重實驗、實習；在教育管理上，傳統與現代管理方式交融，形成了獨具特色的教會女子教育管理模式；在學生出路上，女子通過接受教育，為進入社會準備了知識和能力條件，越來越多的女子開始到社會上尋求自己的位置，在職業生涯中體現自己的人生價值。
  7. This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces

    本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。
  8. On the survey of the problems of historic towns and the research of related theories and practice in both inland and overseas ， through the analysis of the study and practice of zouma protection and development ， the thesi s aims to find out the idea and the ways of protection and development for historic towns in china there are three parts in the thesis the first part of the thesis is the research of the history, the worthiness and existing problems of zouma after briefly introducing the history of zouma ， the author analyzes the vicissitude of zouma from three points of view of economy, society and culture the author then comprehensively expatiates the worthiness of towns and architecture ， the history and culture and economy of zouma in the third section ， combining with the existing problems of zouma confronting with the urbanization process ， the author presents the imminency for zouma protection and development the second part of the thesis is the theory research and the strategy research the author analyzes the theories and methods of both inland and overseas ， and summarizes their commonness and existing insufficiency, which provides reference for the practical protection work of zouma ； on the base of the above ， the author discusses the strategic value of

    本論文基於對當前國內外古鎮保護相關理論與實踐的研究思考以及當今城鎮建設中傳統古鎮所面臨的困境和問題，結合重慶走馬古鎮保護與發展研究課題的實踐工作和成果，以歷史古鎮保護為核心，從物質形態、社會和經濟三個方面對適合於走馬古鎮保護與發展的有關理論和工作方法進行了研究總結，力圖探求出一條適合於走馬古鎮保護與發展的道路，以期對當今國內的歷史城鎮保護工作提供參考。論文共分三部分：第一部分為走馬的歷史沿革與變遷、歷史價值及現狀問題研究。首先對走馬鎮的歷史沿革加以簡述，並從經濟地位、社會形態和文化意識三個方面詳盡分析了走馬鎮的歷史發展變遷，探討了走馬鎮的歷史價值及現狀問題形成的歷史根源。
  9. Asgis involved many subjects such as computer science, geography and meteorology, gisapplication in geology field is just underway especially in land subsidence research. based on the knowledge and demands above, it is necessary and urgent to establish aspecial gis application system, which is composed of professional base models ( base rockstructural model, structural model of quaternary deposition ) and professional applicationmodels ( groundwater aquifers system structural model, land subsidence forecast andanalysis model ). based on this gis platform, “ management information system of landsubsidence in suxichang area ”, it can deal with and analyze the magnificent multi - originalgeological information visually

    最終研究成果形成了由專業基礎模型和專業應用模型構成的、能對龐大的多源地學信息進行可視化分析處理的綜合應用型gis ，該系統不僅具有一般gis所具有的常用功能，更重要的是可以藉助專業應用模型（如地面沉降相關預測模型）進行計算評價及輔助決策，實現了對蘇錫常地區地面沉降地質災害的科學監測和管理，具有較高的理論意義和應用價值。
  10. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  11. As valuable intangible property, geographical indications have been protected for more than one hundred years in many foreign countries. some european countries have formulated complete institutions to protect their geographical indications, such as france, bulgaria, etc. however, as regard to china, the protection of geographical indications is still on the first step

    地理標志作為承載巨大商業價值的無形財產，在國外很多國家，對其進行法律保護已有上百年歷史，並且目前已經形成了一套比較完整、有力的地理標志保護制度，與此相比入世前我國對地理標志的法律保護幾乎是一片空白。
  12. In this study the penman discussed the complicated framework of the maize price, and particularly studied the main four parts : producing cost, circulating exes, margins, and taxes ; the factors that affect maize price are policies of government, value of money, supply and demand, system price difference, substitutions and etc ; some single and integrated modes of maize price forming are designed, and having forecasted the 2000 price of maize

    本文的主要內容是： （ 1 ）現行玉米價格體系龐大復雜，其構成分生產成本、流通費用、利潤、稅金四個部分。 （ 2 ）玉米價格形成受多種因素影響，主要是國家政策、貨幣價值、供求關系、差價體系、比價體系以及替代品和其他相關產品。 （ 3 ）建立了玉米價格預測的單個和綜合模型，對2000年價格進行預測。
  13. The thesis deals with catholic churches in chongqing area built from mid - 19th century on, including its historical and social background, development process, locations, building styles, and art achievement, especially its creative treatments, in western - chinese style combination. systematical field investigation and analysis reveal that catholic church as built in chongqing area in 19and early 20 centuries, as a part of western architectural culture, developed and changed to yield a variety of architectural form and to become a valuable part of chongqing cultural legacy

    本文對重慶（巴渝）地區的近代天主教堂建築的社會歷史背景、發展狀況、地域分佈、建築造型風格特點和藝術成就作了較系統的調查研究和分析，由此展示出重慶近代天主教堂作為西方建築文化的一部分在這一地區的發展和演變，結果產生出豐富多樣的建築形態，成為重慶近代建築文化遺產中具有相當價值的組成部分。
  14. With the thermodynamic theories and techniques, it is relatively easy to determine the phase equilibrium data with enough accuracy, however there still exist much more difficulties in crystallization kinetics study even for a simple binary system. that is the reason that nucleation and crystal growth rate are generally represented in form of the empirical expressions. the crystallization kinetic is important for crystallizer design, process control and optimization, and it is strongly depended upon the accurate characterization of process information concerning with multiphase flows and the further disclose of its mechanisms with suitable mathematical models

    熱力學理論和方法已足以獲得準確的相平衡關系；然而即使對于簡單的二元物系的結晶過程，晶核形成和晶體生長動力學的研究仍面臨許多困難，通常採用經驗模型表述，而動力學參數的準確性和可靠性是結晶器放大設計、過程式控制制與優化的關鍵，因此多相流信息的準確表徵、結晶機理的進一步揭示及建立起與之相適應的數學模型有著十分重要的學術研究和實際應用價值。
  15. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  16. If 1839 invention of photography, change several century since the people watching and knowing peripheral visual angling of thing, it becomes possible to catching and reproducing in the twinkling of an eye to enable ; then in today, it photographs to be each handheld people of camera not merely, can used for, record one ‘ s own daily life, give play to general way that individual imagine and create, a kind of independent form of contemporary art, the experiment of pioneer whose an idea and technology make up - - and tian taiquan ‘ s photography works, is the pipeline attempting to find chaining between these two, this is value that his photography can appear too

    如果說， 1839年攝影術的發明，改變了人們數世紀以來觀看和認識周邊事物的視角，並使對瞬間的捕捉和再現成為可能；那麼在今天，攝影不僅僅是每個手持照相機的人，都可以用來記錄自己的日常生活、發揮個人想象與創造的普遍方式，還是當代藝術的一種獨立形式，一個觀念與技術彌合的先鋒實驗? ?而田太權的攝影作品，就是試圖在這兩者之間找到鏈接的管道，這也是他的攝影得以呈現的價值。
  17. On the basis of the above summary the creativities of the sharing systems of the shanxi merchants are discussed : ( 1 ) concentrating capital was the result of the average division in the form of organizing capital not the foremost motivation, witch was in fact in order to ensure the rights and benefits of shareholders ; ( 2 ) introducing labor - sharing system was the measure which the shanxi merchants adopt to the rise of the price of labor factor relative to that of capital factor in qing dynasty ; the labor - sharing system promoted the increase of profits of the shanxi merchants " enterprises greatly. however, that effectiveness came into existence only in normal condition. if enterprises were into the red or drawing near bankruptcy the labor - sharing system would otherwise steep up the decline of the enterprises

    在此基礎上，對晉商股份制的上述創新進行了討論：集中資本是資本股份化的結果，而不是最初動因，內在動因是維護股東權益；在收益股份化的基礎上，引入頂身股制是清代晉商企業應對勞動要素價值相對提高的舉措；頂身股制極大地促進了晉商企業利潤的增加，但這僅限於企業處于正常經營狀態時，當企業面臨虧損或瀕臨倒閉，頂身股制反而會加速企業的衰亡；晉商產權制度創新（包括產權結構、組織結構的創新）迫於清代晉商企業的內外部條件變化，具體形式的產權制度是創新主體面對環境變化從成本收益角度出發仔細斟酌、權衡的結果。
  18. In the end of the paper, the development of the software is introduced and an example for floating - end heat exchanger design is given to show the usefulness of the system and the effect. the method presented in this paper makes use of database to save and manage the standard sizes data and makes use of drawing libraries to save and manager the parts and assembly drawings. the theory of fixed patterns with flexible sizes is used to generate the parts and assembly drawings

    文中提出的方法充分利用了數據庫技術對換熱器系列標準化尺寸數據進行有效的存儲與管理，利用圖庫對結構相同或相似的視圖進行分級分類存儲與管理，利用「死圖活尺寸」的圖形生成原理快捷地生成各種型號浮頭式換熱器的零部件圖和裝配圖，實現了浮頭式換熱器的輔助設計計算和自動繪圖的功能；所開發的軟體使得換熱器設計中許多實際問題得到圓滿解決，軟體開發方法具有通用性，對其它類型的換熱器輔助設計系統的開發有重要的參考價值，在該領域中將有良好的應用前景。
  19. Therefore management ethic - a relatively independent value configuration to which have to be paid much attention - is formed, while management and ethic integrate tightly, intercross and penetrate reciprocally

    管理與倫理日益緊密結合，相互交叉、相互滲透而形成了一個必須引起人們高度重視的相對獨立的價值形態? ?管理倫理。
  20. The research paper introduces the current human resources measurement condition briefly and then develops research through questionnaires, so as to acquire all statistics. it analyzes alternative factors and forms the measurement system of human resources value. since all the factors are qualitative factors instead of quantitative factors, we introduce gray model theory and the membership degree

    本文在對人力資源價值計量研究的現狀進行簡要介紹的基礎上，通過開展調查研究，採用問卷調查法取得了相關的數據，從而探求構成人力資源價值的各項要素數值，通過對各要素進行因子分析，形成人力資源價值構成體系，因其各因素是定性的因素而非定量的因素，故在其計量上我們引入模糊隸屬度，來對其可計量的因素進行調整，並建立相應的模型。
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