福利國家論 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fúlìguójiālún]
福利國家論
英文
welfare statism-
Finally, the paper gives some beneficial imaginations on institutions of converting collective land to state land through market. i think it is meaningful because such institutions devising can enlarge social welfare matching the behalf of the country and the people, and it is a necessary ways and tendency for converting collective land to state land
本文主要以馬克思的產權分離理論為基礎，對集體土地向城市用地轉換市場化制度建設做一些有益的構想，筆者認為這種探索是有意義的，因為這種市場化制度的安排增進了社會福利，符合國家和人民的利益，是今後集體土地向城市用地轉換的趨勢和必要手段之一。On the welfare states of western europe and their development trend
論西歐福利國家及其發展趨勢Combined with research task, " prospective study on alternatives of laboratory animal in china " ( 2000 - 2001 ), " barrier in international trade - research on alternatives of laboratory animal " ( 2000 - 2001 ), " the research on laboratory animal welfare and technological guideline, which is equivalent with international rule " ( 2002 - 2005 ), the thesis focused its statement, from two level of scientific progress and economical development, on the significance, necessity and imperativeness of three rs carried out in our country, based on collection. collation and analysis of the developing course, mode, influence factors and trends in three rs. the approach on overall thinking, support condition and effective operation in different stage, which is benefit to advance the progress of three rs research, has been made. the priority field of three rs research is also proposed in the thesis
結合《我國開展動物實驗方法工作的前景研究》 （北京科委， 2000 - 2001 ） 、 《外貿中壁壘性技術-動物實驗替代方法的研究》 （國家科技部2000 - 2001 ）和《與世界接軌的實驗動物福利及技術規范研究》 （國家科技部2002 - 2005 ）三個項目研究工作，在收集、整理和分析國外3rs發展過程、發展模式、影響因素和發展動態的基礎上，本論文從科技進步和經濟發展兩個層面上，重點論述了我國開展3rs研究的意義，闡述了我國開展3rs研究的必要性和迫切性，探討了我國開展3rs研究的思路、有利條件和不同階段可採用的有效運行模式，提出了我國應優先開展3rs研究的重點領域。Firstly, we analyzed many currently developed theories including marxism social security system, international economy exchange theory, nation intervening theory, welfare economy, swedish scholar, social marketing theory, public economy, family security theory, and etc. secondly, we made a clear description and definition for the social security
這些理論包括:馬克思主義社會保障理論、代際經濟交換理論、 「國家干預主義」理論、福利經濟學、瑞典學派、 「社會市場經濟」理論、公共經濟學和家庭保障理論。二是系統敘述了養老保障的理論體系，對養老保障的內涵、外延、特徵、目的、功能、主體、對象、制度內容等進行了全面的闡述。It begins at marxism and bourgeois outlook. lt contrasts the government economic function outlook in marxism and " contract country " outlook and " welfare country " outlook. it analyses on the phenomenon of " market non - effective " and " government non - effective " and discusses the contents of government function under socialism market economy and its relation with market
首先從馬克思主義和西方資產階級國家觀入手，對馬克思主義的政府經濟職能觀和西方「契約國家」觀、 「福利國家」觀進行比較，並通過對「市場失靈」 、 「政府失靈」現象的分析，論述了市場經濟條件下政府職能的內容及其與市場的關系。Bentham considers that the capacity of suffering as the key character of whether the creature should be taken into equal account as to the conclusion that mankind have direct duties to animals on the ground of utilitarianism ; peter singer ’ s animal liberation theory considers that animals should be taken into equal account of moral calculation because they can suffer according to the equal principle and utilitarian principle of utilitarianism ; tom regan ’ s animal rights theory substitutes subject - of - life for person of kant, animals are also the subject of life and have inherent value, so they have the equal rights of attaining respect ; mary warren ’ s weak animal rights theory amends the strong animal rights theory of tom regan ; gary l. francione ’ s animal rights theory animadverts on the utilitarian animal rights theory of bentham and peter singer
動物權利論者們從各自的角度論述動物權利的成立，許多國家制定了保護動物權利的動物福利法，西方各國的動物福利法趨向完善，東亞部分國家和地區也相繼制定了動物福利法，但我國法律在這方面尚為空白。本文主要梳理和總結了動物權利理論的發展演進過程以及動物權利的概念、當代世界動物權利法律保護實踐情況以及我國動物權利法律保護體系的現狀及未來三個問題，對我國動物權利法律保護現狀進行分析，得出應在適應我國國情的基礎上建構動物權利法律保護體系並提出了自己的建議。From this purpose, on the basis of all the preceding research work, by using the method which combines normative analysis with the empirical analysis, widely occupy materials with the investigation to study, we analyze the intrinsic causes of partly popularization of sa8000 in our country and all over the world by utilizing theory of game and international trade theory, theoretically study the influential mechanism on our exports, and seek to the countermeasures
筆者從這個目的出發，在一些專家和學者研究工作和出口企業實踐的基礎上，採用規范分析與實證分析相結合、廣泛搜集資料與實際調研相結合的方法進行研究。運用博弈論對其實施的動因進行分析，藉助生產函數和福利函數建立經濟數學模型對sa8000的經濟學影響進行分析，並在分析sa8000對我國出口貿易構成挑戰和帶來機遇的基礎上，尋求應對sa8000的對策。That ’ s because since 20 c 70 ’ s, many welfare states in western were faced with management crisis : there was “ government failure ” get along with “ market failure ”. moreover, governance brought forward a new view : let government, market and citizen society combine together to manage public administration. this way can be said the third way except government and market, and it cater for the requirement of western countries ’ reform
之所以出現這種局面，是因為20世紀七、八十年代，西方福利國家普遍面臨社會管理危機，政府失靈與市場失靈並存，而「治理」理論所提出的政府與市場、公民社會協同管理公共事務的觀點，為西方改革指明了除政府與市場之外的第三條道路，迎合了西方國家的改革需求。This text analyses the current situations and problems on the salary management of chinese enterprise ; studies and draws lessons systematically from the domestic and international theories and methods about the salary management ; explains and analyses the culture, the general management situations and relevant enterprises " advanced salary management methods in the researching enterprise " country ; compares this country ' s management system with those in america, korea and other developed countries ; and analyses the researching enterprises " background and current situations of salary management, by using relevant theories, manpower - resource - management, organizing behaviouristics psychcholoics, ecmomics, operationreserch, statistics, management. . ect, this text combines the reality to set up japanese employee ' s salary administrative system on the japan branch of china northwest airlines. this text also sets up four major salary systems : basic wages, rewarding wages ( the prize ), additional wages and the welfare ; defines the dynamic salary standard ; and fulfills the quantization, totalization, electronic data processing and benefiting from the salary management
本文分析了中國企業薪酬管理現狀及存在的問題，比較系統地學習和借鑒了國內外關于薪酬管理的理論和做法；闡述分析了研究企業所在國家的人文化、企業管理概況及相關企業先進的薪酬管理的辦法，並將該國的管理制度與美國、韓國等發達國際進行了比較；在此基礎上分析了所研究企業的背景與薪酬管理的現狀，通過運用人力資源管理學、組織行為學、心理學、經濟學、運籌學、統計學、管理學等相關學科的理論，結合實際，建立了中國西北航空公司日本地區辦事處日本雇員薪酬管理系統；設立了日本雇員基本薪資、獎勵薪資（獎金） 、附加薪資和福利等四大項薪酬內容，最終確定了動態薪酬標準，實現了薪酬管理數量化、綜合化、電算化、效益化，較好地調動了日本雇員的工作熱情，使企業內部管理工作走上了良性循環軌道。Fukuzawa yukichi worked out a theory, which insisted the patriot should be an egoist of his country. and nakamura masano also insisted that people should devote for the health and happiness of their country, which different from the early idea that the evolution with lead to full benevolence and full beauty
啟蒙大師福澤諭吉以「愛國心是私於一國的思想」 ，號召人民為國家的利己主義服務，同時加藤弘之的進化論也不同於人類進化將臻於盡善完美之區的目的論觀念，而鼓吹人民應為國家的健全幸福而努力。China ' s house market has experienced great changes since its cancellation of the welfare housing policy in 1998, with an overall increase in urban house investment, house sales, as well as house price of which, in some cities, the accelerating speed amounts to 20 per cent annually. the changes have received enough attention from the government, enterprises, professionals and specialists, and mass media
自1998年我國取消福利分房以來，城市住宅投資規模迅速擴大，住宅銷售面積逐年增加，與此同時城市住宅價格也迅速增長，有的城市甚至以每年20的速度上漲，引起了政府、企業、專家學者和媒體輿論的高度重視。Cooperative learning adopted by many countries, is a creative and effective teaching theory & strategic system. famous contemporary american critics alice and futz stressed in their new work study on educational reform " if cooperative learning is n ' t the biggest educational reform, at lest it is one of the biggest.
合作學習是目前世界上許多國家普遍採用的一種富有創意和實效的教學理論與策略體系，美國當代著名教育評論家埃利斯和福茨在其新著的《教育改革研究》一書中斷言： 「合作學習如果不是當代最大的教育改革的話，那麼它至少也是其中最大的之一。 」Second the article discusses that the theoretical basis of these damages caused by the tort affecting the public utility facilities are the theory of dangerous liability and the theory of the public service. as the government increases the public utility facilities, it makes these damages suits becoming ordinary. in many countries governmental compensation act have include these damages suits
文章的第二部分又論述了公有公共設施致害賠償的理論基礎是國家危險責任論和公共服務論，隨著近代政府職能增大，福利措施的增加，公共設施的設置日益普遍，雖然理論上很難將其歸屬公權力的作用，但公民接觸使用公有公共設施的情形日漸頻繁，因設施的瑕疵受損害的機率也日漸增多，目前各國的國家賠償責任，均已將公有公共設施的瑕疵損害原因包括在內。An analysis of the welfare effect of service outsourcing by employing the theoretical model of manufacturing industry outsourcing proves that service outsourcing has little negative impact on employment in developed countries, and actually in the long run, it may increase the relative demand of skilled workers
利用製造業外包的理論模型對服務業外包的福利效應進行分析，可以證明服務業外包對發達國家就業的消極影響是非常小的，從長期看反而可以增加其對技術型工人的相對需求。In sweden, the typical welfare country, the public welfare expenditure is 70 % of gdp, but the public goods supply by government only accounts for 50 % of the whole public welfare expenditure, so it ' s a doubtful way that government supply the whole public goods
這一理論實際上值得商榷，譬如，在瑞典這樣典型的福利經濟國家，其gdp的70用於公共福利支出，但該國的國有企業僅占公共事業總值的50 ，從這個角度看，把公共物品供給全部由政府包下來的思路就值得懷疑了。This text is written at the the enlightenment of 《 access to justice and the welfare state 》 written by mauro cappelletti, the famous italian jurist and 《 rome law 》 written by professor zhou nan and draw the relevant contents of the theseses of domestic scholars
本文是受義大利法學家莫諾?卡佩萊蒂等編著的《福利國家與接近正義》 、周?教授等編著的《羅馬法》及美國學者波斯納的《法律的經濟分析》等著作的啟示並吸取上述著作和國內一些學者論文中的相關內容寫成的。Kornai, janos. " the reform of the welfare state and public opinion. " american economic review 87, no. 2 ( 1997 ) : 339 - 343
雅諾斯.科奈著福利國家和輿論的改革《美國經濟論壇》第87期第2卷（ 1997 ） :第339 - 343頁Aims at this situation, under the basis of extensive literature review, international comparison and systematic analysis, the study is trying to provide some theory analysis and policy suggestions to help the governments and enterprises to avoid and surpass tbt, at the same time set up china ' s ow n tbt with unique chinese characteristics to protect the rational rights of china ' s agricultural products in international trade. the theories used in this study include comparative advantages of agricultural products, resource allocation and some hypothesis from welfare economics. with both theory analysis and empirical studies, the thesis makes a comprehensive comparison of tbt policy and regulations in different countries
本研究針對這種形勢，在廣泛文獻綜述、國際比較和系統分析的基礎上，根據農產品比較優勢學說、資源稟賦優勢學說等貿易理論和福利經濟學的有關理論，採用理論研究與實證分析相結合的方法，對有關國家的技術壁壘政策和法規進行全面研究和比較，結合全球經濟一體化的新形勢和我國農業生產、消費和貿易的國情，探索政府和企業如何在wto框架內規避和超越技術壁壘。Comments on giddens ' s concept of initiative politics - concurrently approaching double effect of role of state amp; public society in development of social welfare
兼論國家與公民社會在社會福利發展中的雙重性作用The main theory of social security system includes the following : the idea of exist right, the idea of social equality, the idea of social solidarity
社會保障制度建立的理論主要包括生存權思想、社會公平思想、社會連帶責任思想以及凱恩斯的國家干預論和庇古的福利經濟理論。分享友人