管制航行法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guǎnzhìhánghángfǎ]
管制航行法 英文
controlled sailing
  • 管 : Ⅰ名詞1 （管子） pipe; tube 2 （吹奏的樂器） wind musical instrument 3 （形狀似管的電器件） valve;...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 航 : Ⅰ名詞（船） boat; shipⅡ動詞（航行） navigate （by water or air）; sail
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 管制 : 1. （強制管理） control 2. （對罪犯強制管束） put under surveillance
  • 航行 : 1 （水中行駛） navigate by water; seaway; sail 2 （空中行駛） navigate by air; fly 3 voyage; 航行...
  1. Based on the frequent occurrence of international aerial crimes, the rampancy and cruelty of criminals and the reality of brutal consequence, the essay analyses the features of the crime of aircraft hijacking, the crime of imperiling international civil aerial security and the crime of obstructing international aerial navigation with the component terms from three important international conventions on punishing aerial crimes in order to help people to appreciate the appearance and the essence of typical international aerial crimes deeply, to regard the motion of the crimes and to overwhelm the offence forcefully. based on the core of the legislative status of international civil aerial security, the jurisdiction of the aerial crimes, one emphasis of the article is to clarify concrete clauses on jurisdiction in the three conventions and analyses the important principle of " aut reddere, aut punire ". based on the problems on the jurisdiction of crimes in international society, it quests the implementation of t he principles of jurisdiction, pleading and extradition in the three conventions deeply

    基於目前國際社會航空犯罪時有發生，犯罪分子猖獗狠毒，危害後果十分殘重的現實，本文從國際社會關于懲治航空犯罪的三個重要國際公約（東京、海牙、蒙特利爾公約）中規定的各種航空犯罪的定義入手，深入展開了對劫持航空器罪、危害航空器飛行安全罪、危害國際民用航空機場安全罪的犯罪特徵及其構成條件的分析，以期幫助人們更深刻認識這些典型的國際航空犯罪的表現及其實質，嚴密注視這些犯罪的動向，對其進行及時有力的打擊；鑒于國際民用航空安全法律地位問題的核心是解決航空犯罪的管轄權問題，本文重點闡釋了三個公約關于管轄的具體規定，並側重分析了「或引渡或起訴」的重要原則；鑒于目前國際社會打擊國際航空犯罪管轄方面存在諸多實際問題，本文對公約規定的管轄、起訴、引渡原則的實現方式作了深入探討；鑒于各國在國內立法上對于空中犯罪的懲治、對違約國的制裁、對這類犯罪的預防措施等方面存在一些漏洞，本文根據目前掌握的一些資料，在獨立思考的基礎上，提出了一些不成熟的看法及建議，以期對國際社會懲治航空犯罪貢獻自己微薄之力。
  2. Vsp is both a pivotal tache in logistic distribution optimization and indispensable in electronic commerce. it can increase logistic economic benefit and realize logistic rationalization. the systemic study on the theory and method of vsp is the base on the growth of logistic intensivism, the establishment of modem chain of command, the development of its and ec. now, the problem is not only applied to the field of auto transportation, but also to ship avigation communication electricity industry management computer application etc. the algorithm has been applied into many combinatorial optimization problems such as the trainman ' s shift arrangement in avigation the optimization design of cargo arrangement in ship company

    對貨運車輛進行調度優化，可以提高物流經濟效益、實現物流科學化。對貨運車輛調度優化理論與方法進行系統研究是物流集約化發展、建立現代調度指揮系統、發展智能交通運輸系統和開展電子商務的基礎。目前，問題的形式已有很大發展，該問題以不僅僅局限於汽車運輸領域，在水運、航空、通訊、電力、工業管理、計算機應用等領域也有一定的應用，其演算法已用於航空乘務員輪班安排、輪船公司運送貨物經過港口與貨物安排的優化設計、交通車線路安排、生產系統中的計劃與控制等多種組合優化問題。
  3. This thesis is planed to analyze and demonstrate this obligation in detail, and tries to clarify the issues below : 1, the differences in the obligation standards among the carrier, the common carrier and the bailee, and the differences in the obligation standards between care of cargo and making the ship seaworthy ; 2, combined with the cases and shipping practice, solving the problems which is produced in fulfilling the obligation ; 3, with the principle of law, analyzing the character of the responsibility which should assume when the care of cargo obligation is breached ; 4, introducing the provisions about care o f cargo obligation in preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea and expressing my opinions

    本文擬對這一義務進行詳細的分析和論證，試圖闡明以下幾個方面的問題： 1 、承運人管貨義務所要求的「妥善和謹慎」的標準與公共承運人、託管人管貨義務的標準的區別，與承運人適航義務的標準「克盡職責」的區別； 2 、結合有關案例和航運實務，分析該條文字面所表述的管貨義務的各個環節在實際運用中的相關問題； 3 、從法理的角度分析違反管貨義務所應承擔的責任的性質； 4 、介紹正在制訂的《海上貨物運輸法》 （草案）中關于承運人管貨義務的規定，並提出自己的意見。
  4. In order to make the terminal airspace moderated and consisted, and acquire the biggest capacity of airport, we must consider the influencing factors as many as possible, it is our final target to plan the airspace in beijing terminal unify. with the conditions that the current operation modes of parallel runway, approach and departure procedures and terminal airspace in beijing international airport, this article has analyzed the reasons of airspace congestion. this article also applies the theory of instrument flight procedure and utilizes the current facilities in beijing international airport. the design of flight procedures combining rnav procedures with instrument approach procedures may be accepted on some routes. it make the approach and departure procedure more effective, and increase the capacity of the airport more or less ; secondly, this article contrast the capacities of parallel runway in different methods under radar control, and make the conclusion that the parallel runway in dependent operation modes has the biggest capacity

    本文從目前首都機場平行跑道的運行方式、進離場程序、終端區空域的現狀入手，剖析了造成空域緊張的原因，應用儀表飛行程序設計的思想和原則，利用首都機場終端區現有的設施，某些航線可採用區域導航（ rnav ）程序與儀表進近程序相結合的飛行程序設計，優化了目前首都機場的進離場程序，在一定程度上增加了機場容量；其次，研究了雷達管制條件下平行跑道不同運行方式的容量對比，得出平行跑道獨立運行的容量最大，然後以這種這種運行方式，為首都機場設計出了平行跑道獨立運行的飛行程序；最後，分析北京終端區各機場空域對首都機場飛行程序安全、有效運行的制約因素，研究設計出了北京終端區規劃方案及規劃后的飛行程序和飛行方法，以達到增大機場的容量，適應未來航班量增加的需求。
  5. Article 207 where a civil aircraft, in violation of the provisions of article 74 of this law, conducts flight activities without the approval of the air traffic control unit, the competent civil aviation authority under the state council shall order it to stop flying, and impose a fine on the owner or lessee of the civil aircraft of not less than 10, 000 yuan but not more than 100, 000 yuan ; and punish the pilot - in - command of the civil aircraft by warning or by withholding his licence for a period of one to six months, or under aggravating circumstances, punish him by cancelling his licence

    第二百零七條違反本法第七十四條的規定，民用航空器未經空中交通管制單位許可進行飛行活動的，由國務院民用航空主管部門責令停止飛行，對該民用航空器所有人或者承租人處以一萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款；對該民用航空器的機長給予警告或者弔扣執照一個月至六個月的處罰，情節較重的，可以給予吊銷執照的處罰。
  6. According to the united nations convention on the law of the sea, the article follows expounding the legal position of internal waters, the territorial sea, the adjacent zone, the exclusive economic zone, international straits, archipelagic waters and the high seas, and analyzing the rights and obligations of coastal countries in above areas and the criminal jurisdiction and civil jurisdiction of the coastal country and the flag state. then, the article clears up the rights of shipping of vessels in different areas, which is the main point of the paper. circling this main point, the article further makes some advice to better our regulations on the law of the sea

    因此，本文從船舶的定義及船舶航行權的性質和意義入手，以《聯合國海洋法公約》為依據，闡述了公約所劃定的內水、領海、毗連區、專屬經濟區、國際海峽、群島水域及公海的法律地位、分析沿海國在這些海域中的權利和義務，以及沿海國與船旗國對船舶的刑事、民事管轄權，進而明確了船舶在不同海域的航行權，並圍繞這一中心問題，提出了完善我國海洋法律制度的相關建議。
  7. The management of shipping and port is a necessary part in the development of local transportation. the governing body should not only carry out polices, laws, and regulations, make out government meanings sometimes, but also be responsible for a healthy hydraulic market. therefore, it has characteristics of both governing and enterprise

    港航管理部門不僅貫徹和執行國家和省市有關港航管理工作的法律、法規、方針、政策；制定與實施有關行政管理辦法，並且要代表政府對所轄水域的港航實施全行業管理，建設和維護水運市場的管理體系，具有行政和事業雙重性質。
  8. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  9. In order to establish complete regulations on the law of the sea, and to manage our own and foreign vessels by law, it is most important to study the rights of shipping in different areas

    研究不同海域的航行權對一個國家制定完備的海洋法律制度、依法管理本國及外籍船舶、維護國家的海洋權益具有重要意義。
  10. Via the assessment of the aforesaid measures and institutions, chapter v of this paper brings forward my view of point that if we wish to change the situation of our shipping industry, we should establish consummate system of market administration, and attach great importance to supporting our merchant marine. we should work out our shipping act, merchant marine

    本文第五章在對以上措施和制度的評價的基礎上，提出要改變我國航運大而不強的面貌，就必須建立完善的市場管理體制，制訂《航運法》 ；並且對商船隊建設加以重視，通過《商船法》和其他行政法規加大扶持力度。
  11. This thesis regard internal property reorganization in the group of pangang as the research object, from chengdu seamless steel pipe limited liability company with chengdu iron and steel works inside exterior environment reorganizing in front and back commences, making use of to exceed the makel - bot with of five factors competition models and the method of factors analysis, after analyzing the reorganization of the business enterprise a profession for facing competes the situation. develop the development the business enterprise with the profession industry from the international local profession rival circumstance after analyzing the reorganization should the market position of the establishment with develop the strategy target. make use of the swot the analysis the method, to after the reorganization the development strategy of the business enterprise, from manage the angle proceeded the fixed position analyzes, for after the reorganization business enterprise development provided four kinds of developments strategy that eligibility choose : the brave development strategy, request the resources advantage, funds advantage, human resource advantage, technique advantage that new company make the most of new business enterprise in empress in reorganization, is an essential condition to increases to manage the level, quickly technique reforms, develop the high and additional worth product with new product production line, as soon as quikly change to strong and large business enterprise, realizes soon steel aircraft carrier dream ; dispersion strategy, the technology market quota with deal with produce high additional worth product, completely promote business enterprise brand image, extend high carry product of the exaltation product, is a necessary means to increases business enterprise performance, realizes business enterprise target ; defense strategy, adjusting the business enterprise organizes construction, reducing the intensive type in labor and the low additional worth product line, lower bad the property saves the deal, alleviating the business enterprise burden, attaining the casual wear go to battle, benefitting to the challenge that make frontal attack the rival ; withdraw strategy, compress the production of the high depletion and high cost product, simplify the production craft, controlling the cost of the end product in the lower level, is a valid path to increases business enterprise competition ability

    本論文以攀鋼集團內部的資產重組為研究對象，從成都無縫鋼管有限責任公司與成都鋼鐵廠重組前後的內外部環境入手，運用邁克爾?波特的五力競爭模型及因素分析法，分析了重組后的企業所面臨的行業競爭態勢。從國際國內行業競爭對手情況和本行業發展動態分析了重組后企業應確立的市場地位和發展戰略目標。運用swot分析法，對重組后企業的發展戰略，從管理角度進行了定位分析，為重組后企業發展提供了可選擇的四種發展戰略：即大膽發展戰略，要求新公司充分運用重組后新企業的資源優勢，資金優勢，人力資源優勢，技術優勢，是提高管理水平，加快技術改造，開發高附加值產品和新產品生產線，盡快立於強勢企業之林，早日實現「鋼鐵航母」夢的必要條件；分散性戰略，提高產品的科技含量和生產高附加值的產品，全面提升企業品牌形象，擴大高端產品的市場份額，是提高企業效益，實現企業目標的必要手段；防禦性戰略，調整企業組織結構，削減勞動密集型和低附加值產品生產線，降低不良資產存量，減輕企業包袱，做到輕裝上陣，有利於迎擊競爭對手的挑戰；退出性戰略，壓縮高消耗、高成本產品的生產，降低低端產品的比例，精簡生產工藝，將最終產品的成本控制在較低水平，是提高企業競爭力的有效途徑。
  12. Wake vortex separation standards are used to prevent hazardous wake vortex encounters which mainly found in the final approach course within the airport termination zone. firstly, this paper analysis the mechanism of the vortex decay and research the influence on the safety of the flight ; then. several different radar wake vortex separation standards are compared and some basic guidelines are developed to establish the future vortex standards. in addition, one kind of advance vortex classification for the civil airplane is proposed. secondly, an encounter hazard model which established for the following aircraft and a simple vortex decay model which mostly concern with the proceeding one are developed ; and a safe separation model can be derived from the both. finally, through the simulation calculation, the correctness of the vortex classification of different types of aircrafts are tested and proved

    本課題對雷達管制條件下的最小尾流間隔標準進行了較為詳細的分析和研究；首先對尾流的形成和消散機理以及尾流對飛行安全的影響做出了詳細的分析，然後就目前實行的幾種不同的最小尾流間隔標準進行了比較和分析，提出了相關的幾條準則和一種改進的機型尾流分類標準；在這之後，採用理論分析和統計數據分析相結合的方法，建立了尾流危險遭遇基本模型和尾渦消散模型；並在此基礎上對民用航空不同機型的尾流分類的合理性進行了計算和評估，為最小尾流間隔標準的確定和改進提供了初步的理論依據。
  13. A civil aircraft, in violation of the provisions of article 75 of this law, fails to follow the air route and to fly at the altitude specified by the air traffic unit, or in violation of the provisions of article 79 of this law, flies across the airspace over a city

    （二）民用航空器違反本法第七十五條的規定，未按照空中交通管制單位指定的航路和飛行高度飛行，或者違反本法第七十九條的規定飛越城市上空的。
  14. Based on the practice and author ' s experience of the model engineering management of china ' s aerospace industry, the paper is a practical guideline and a reference on how to implement project management on the basis of systems engineering, and how to improve both organization & personnel and planning & scheduling

    本文的研究結合了當前我國航天型號工程管理的實際，結合了作者管理航天型號工程的實踐，對在系統工程方法基礎上如何推行項目管理方法，對型號工程管理組織結構與人員、計劃與進度控制這兩個方面的工作如何進行改進有現實的指導和參考價值
  15. According to china " s shipping management, i advice we refer to the measures taken by the fmc i. e. to establish specific supervision institution. since the special features of the competition in the international shipping market, we should stipulate the regulation on china " s international market competition in particular

    根據我國航運管理情況，建議參照美國設立聯邦海事委員會fmc做法，設立專門的執法監督機構；鑒于國際航運市場競爭特徵的特殊性，專門制定我國國際航運市場競爭規則，特別是對我國承運人在外國享有公平競爭權利的保護，擬從運價管理、競爭行為管理、經營行為管理著手探討。
  16. This text analyses the current situations and problems on the salary management of chinese enterprise ; studies and draws lessons systematically from the domestic and international theories and methods about the salary management ; explains and analyses the culture, the general management situations and relevant enterprises " advanced salary management methods in the researching enterprise " country ; compares this country ' s management system with those in america, korea and other developed countries ; and analyses the researching enterprises " background and current situations of salary management, by using relevant theories, manpower - resource - management, organizing behaviouristics psychcholoics, ecmomics, operationreserch, statistics, management. . ect, this text combines the reality to set up japanese employee ' s salary administrative system on the japan branch of china northwest airlines. this text also sets up four major salary systems : basic wages, rewarding wages ( the prize ), additional wages and the welfare ; defines the dynamic salary standard ; and fulfills the quantization, totalization, electronic data processing and benefiting from the salary management

    本文分析了中國企業薪酬管理現狀及存在的問題，比較系統地學習和借鑒了國內外關于薪酬管理的理論和做法；闡述分析了研究企業所在國家的人文化、企業管理概況及相關企業先進的薪酬管理的辦法，並將該國的管理制度與美國、韓國等發達國際進行了比較；在此基礎上分析了所研究企業的背景與薪酬管理的現狀，通過運用人力資源管理學、組織行為學、心理學、經濟學、運籌學、統計學、管理學等相關學科的理論，結合實際，建立了中國西北航空公司日本地區辦事處日本雇員薪酬管理系統；設立了日本雇員基本薪資、獎勵薪資（獎金） 、附加薪資和福利等四大項薪酬內容，最終確定了動態薪酬標準，實現了薪酬管理數量化、綜合化、電算化、效益化，較好地調動了日本雇員的工作熱情，使企業內部管理工作走上了良性循環軌道。
  17. With the swot analysis method, the article deeply analyzed the foundation of strategy capability of the company by associating with the analyses of outer environments and inner conditions to provide the ideas and evidences for the establishment of strategy planning program on the basis of analyses in both theory and practice, in accordance with the established strategy factors and selected general strategy methods, the article made out the strategy planning program and strategy target of the company and pointed out various subsystems of strategy planning programs such as the products strategy plan, market strategy plan, finance strategy plan, manpower resource plan, organization & administration development plan, technology development plan and technology transformation plan etc finally the article applied life cycle method and economic evaluation method to evaluate and analyze the strategy planning program stated in this article so as to guarantee that the research conclusions are scientific and practicable

    再次，對株航公司的戰略資源和能力進行了系統的分析和閘述，綜合了中、小發基地建設已有的基礎，結合行業現狀明確了株航公司的核心能力，並運用swot分析方法，綜合企業外部環境分析和內部條件分析，深入分析了株航公司的戰略能力基礎，為制定戰略規劃方案提供了思路和依據。在對理論和實際進行研究分析的基礎上，運用戰略聚類模型分析方法，按照戰略制定要素並結合總體戰略選擇方法，擬定了株航公司的戰略規劃方案和戰略目標，並提出了產品開發戰略規劃、市場戰略規劃、財務戰略規劃、人類資源規劃、組織與管理發展規劃、技術發展規劃、技術改造發展規劃、等各子系統的戰略規劃方案。最後，綜合運用生命周期法和經濟效果評價等研究方法對本戰略規劃進行了評估分析，保證了研究結論的科學性和實用性。
  18. The aviation police bureau is granted legal right to effect security inspection of incoming and outgoing passengers, administration personnel and luggage at the airport to ensure the safety of civil aviation and to uphold order in the airport in the interests of the country

    二、依國家安全法執行機場安全檢查管制，對出入境旅客及進出航站管制區人員、物品實施安全檢查，維護民航飛行安全及機場治安秩序保障國家利益。
  19. Moreover, they are required to comply with marine control legislation applicable to all vessels including the safety requirements relating to vessel construction standards, navigation of the vessel, safety equipment, passenger capacity and qualifications for masters and engineers

    此外，觀豚活動的營辦者必須遵守適用於各類船隻的海事管制法例，包括有關船隻建造標準、船隻航行、安全設備、載客人數、船長及輪機員資格等的安全規定。
  20. Third, after the analysis of the disadvantage of current price system, a thorough investigation of the multi - price and multi - cabin pricing control system is made. fourth, based on the multi - agent theory, a new theory about the combination method of preponderant resources is presented. finally, the paper studies the reform of air cargo liability insurance mechanism in order to lower the risk of freight compensation responsibility of respective carriers

    在對我國航空貨運發展的現狀與趨勢、機遇與挑戰的分析基礎上，指出現有運作模式中存在的主要問題;通過對運作層、管理層和法律保障層的分別研究，構建我國航空貨運系統的整體結構模型;分析現有運價體系的弊端，著重研究運價的市場化問題，對「多等級多艙位」運價體系的建立進行初步探討;基於多代理理論，對優勢資源的整合方法進行研究;分析各承運方的貨物賠償責任風險，研究空運責任保險機制的改革問題。
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