維修和修理費 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wéixiūhéxiūlǐbì]
維修和修理費 英文
maintenance and repair
  • 維 : Ⅰ動詞1 （連接） tie up; hold together; link 2 （保持; 保全） maintain; safeguard; preserve; keep ...
  • 修 : Ⅰ動詞1 （修飾） embellish; decorate 2 （修理; 整治） repair; mend; overhaul 3 （寫; 編寫） write;...
  • 和 : 和動詞（在粉狀物中加液體攪拌或揉弄使有黏性） mix （powder） with water, etc. : 和點兒灰泥 prepare some plaster
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 維修 : keep in （good） repair; service; maintain
  1. Money collected from the capital levy goes towards building and maintenance of school facilities, library acquisitions, purchasing new furniture and fixtures, and developing the school information management system

    入校費用於學校設施建設和維修費用，增加圖書館藏書，購買新傢具和設備，發展學校信息管理體系等。
  2. This paper takes mobile engineering department equipment management of daqing petrochemical parent company as an example, and studies the design and application of equipment management system of daqing petrochemical parent company, for the implement of computerizing the equipment entire process management with the equipment management system and completing the synthesis management, the records management, the expense management, the fixed asset management, the specialized management and the information management with the computer system and making in the manual management some qualitative and stochastic ingredients transforming into the quantitative standard management. so it guarantees that we can perform advanced predicting management in the entire process of the matter movement and the value movement of equipment and complete the equipment servicing transition from the compulsory servicing and afterwards servicing to the preventive servicing, improving work quality, efficiency and modernized degree which the equipment manages and assisting enterprise ’ s equipment management decision - making and the whole realization of management goal and enhancing the enterprise ’ s interior equipment utilization and realizing its maximum profit

    本文以大慶石化總廠機動工程部的設備管理為例，對大慶石化總廠設備管理系統的設計與應用進行研究，旨在通過設備管理系統實現設備全過程管理計算機化，由計算機系統來完成設備的綜合管理、檔案管理、費用管理、固定資產管理、專業管理及信息管理，使人工管理中一些定性的、隨機的成分轉變為定量的規范的管理，保證大慶石化總廠對設備的物質運動和價值運動的全過程實行先進的可預知性管理，並逐漸將設備維修從目前的以強制性維修及事後維修為主過渡到以預防性維修為主，提高設備管理的工作質量、效率和現代化程度，輔助企業的設備管理工作決策及經營管理目標的整體實現，提高大慶石化總廠內部設備的利用率及實現其最大的經濟效益。
  3. Preventing means stopping breakdown from taking measures ahead and it will shortening time of maintenance and break down of the machine and turn onrush maintenance into keeping machine sets in good condition, therefore, it ' s a good way to have equipment classified in abc and take a good advantage of limited equipment managing source to make point - check more functional

    預防主要是為了防患於未然，變突擊維修為狀態維修，縮短維修時間和便於生產計劃的調整，減少停產損失。為此，對設備進行abc分類管理，以有效利用有限的設備管理資源；健全點檢制度，明確點檢內容，使得點檢工作更有成效；重視設備建設期的管理，掌握設備的初期狀態，既可節約建設期的費用，又利於生產期的費用的節約。
  4. Recover management and maintenance fees from building owners

    向業主追討管理和維修費用
  5. To add " there are many loopholes in the operation and sales practices of telecommunications service providers, " after " that, as " ; to add " and such complaints from the public are often not followed up effectively by government departments, " after " in recent years, " ; to add " stipulate corresponding penalties " after " to cover pay television, " ; and to add " ; furthermore, as the hong kong housing authority has signed agreements with pay television operators, these operators can enter the buildings to set up and maintain communal aerial systems and can deploy front - line promoters to approach the residents to sell other various commercial services, using the provision of exclusive maintenance and supply services as a selling point and adopting unscrupulous means to entice or mislead the residents into signing an agreement with them, causing great disturbance to the residents ; in this connection, the government must adopt measures to combat such sales malpractices, take the initiative to inform public rental housing tenants of the rights and responsibilities of the operators and, when the operators resort to malpractices or malpractices are reported by residents, take immediate action to investigate the matter and issue warning to and penalize the operators concerned ; the government must also review the problem of inequity in accessing system information by consumers and the telecommunications service providers, whereby consumers have no means or right to obtain true and accurate information about the systems that they are using and can only pay the fees according to the volume, system and time slots of their calls shown on the records provided unilaterally by the service providers, and in case of queries about such information, the decision of the service providers prevails and there is no channel for the consumers to dispute or verify ; to this end, the government should expeditiously study how to ensure that consumers have the rights to know, choose, verify, appeal and claim for compensation in the provision of telecommunications services including pay television, local and cross - boundary telecommunications and internet services " after " in the contracts "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"各電訊服務提供者的營運和銷售存在不少漏洞， "在"不斷增加， "之後加上"而市民的投訴又往往得不到政府部門的有效跟進處理， "在"收費電視， "之後加上"訂定相應的罰則， "及在"標準合約條款"之後加上"此外，由於香港房屋委員會與收費電視營辦商簽訂協議，該等營辦商可進入大廈鋪設及維修公共天線系統，並調派前線銷售人員，以獨家提供維修及供應服務作為招徠，向住戶推銷其他各種商業服務，以不當手法誘使或誤導住戶與他們簽約，對居民造成很大困擾就此，政府必須採取措施打擊上述違規營銷的手法，並主動告知公屋住戶該等營辦商的權責范圍，遇有營辦商作出違規的行為或居民舉報營辦商的違規行為時，須立即追查，並向有關營辦商發出警告及作出處分政府亦須檢討現時消費者與電訊服務供應商所獲系統資訊並不對等的問題，即消費者無從及無權得知他們所選用系統的真實資料，令他們只能按服務供應商單方面提供有關通話量通話系統及通話時段的記錄繳交費用，遇有消費者質疑上述資料時，往往只由服務供應商作最終決定，消費者無從申辯或查證就此，本會促請政府盡快研究如何就各類電訊服務包括收費電視本地及跨境電訊網際網路等的提供，確保消費者享有知情權選擇權覆核權投訴權及索償權" 。
  6. Different equations to corresponding components are presented by analysing and transformating the general equations of fluid routes, then static characteristics mathematical model of liquid propellant space propulsion system is presented. based on the data of static characteristics calculation, mass model of thruster, propellant, propellant tank, gas, gas bottle, pipe and valve is presented using both the method of statistical regression and the method of stress analysis, then corresponding mass model is presented. based on the characteristics of liquid propellant space propulsion systems, analyse the five phases ( concept and definition, design and improvement, manufactureing and arrangement, operation and ma intenance, disposal ) in which life cycle cost of liquid propellant space propulsion systems is cost separately, then discompsed structure of life cycle cost and model of life cycle cost are presented

    將組件分成氣路組件和液路組件，再對氣路組件和液路組件進行相應的分類，然後通過對通用流路方程進行分析和變換對不同類型的組件分別建立不同的方程，從而建立了一個適用於液體推進劑空間推進系統的靜態數學模型；根據靜態計算所得到的數據，應用統計回歸法和應力分析法分別建立推力室、推進劑、推進劑貯箱、氣體、氣瓶以及導管和活門等的質量模型，從而建立相應的質量模型；結合液體推進劑空間推進系統特點，對液體推進劑空間推進系統全壽命周期費用發生的五個階段（概念和定義、設計和改進、製造和安裝、運行和維修、處理）分別進行分析，建立了液體推進劑空間推進系統全壽命周期費用分解結構和全壽命周期費用模型。
  7. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  8. A : e - waste is disposable electronic appliance, electronic equipments and its waste components and parts ; scrap during industrial production and repair ; used products or scraps from equipment renew and reuse ; discarded product and equipment by consumer ; product and equipment prohibited by law and regulations or manufactured without authorization ; products or materials under the e - waste category in the state e - waste catalog

    A ：電子廢棄物，是指廢棄的電子電器產品電子電氣設備及其廢棄零部件元器件。包括工業生產及維修過程中產生的報廢品舊產品或設備翻新再使用過程產生的報廢品消費者廢棄的產品設備法律法規禁止生產或未經許可非法生產的產品和設備根據國家電子廢棄物名錄納入電子廢棄物管理的物品物質。
  9. And of collection of property administration fee is communal only set use device small repair and run maintenance to reach daily maintain cost

    而物業治理費收取的只是公共設施設備小修和日常運行維修及保養費。
  10. The thesis consist of six chapters and based on the way of propose the question, analysis, then get the solution. it discussed and recognized what the ship transportation cost was in chapter one ; studied the environment and growing trend of the cost in chapter two ; fully discussed and demonstrated the voyage variable costs and controlling method, proposed a mathematic decision model of fuel supplying and get through the validation, proposed the concept of risking cost and addressing many controlling measures to it in chapter three ; discussed a certain running costs, proposed and validated a mathematic model of condition - based maintenance, and put forward many practical controlling method of running costs such as crew payment, repairs, spare parts, stores and lub oils in chapter four ; combining a case of monthly running cost budget and verification, performed a useful learning on running cost budget, forecast and verification in chapter five ; finally fully studied the method of cost - calculating and benefit - analyzing of time chartering container ships on a proposed route

    第一章主要討論並認清什麼是船舶運輸成本；第二章研究了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，提出了燃油補給方案的決策模型並給出了模型的驗證過程，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用、維修保養費用、備件、潤物料費用等幾個主要的可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相應的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶運輸營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討；第六章結合具體案例對期租班輪的成本測算與效益分析方法進行了細致的研究。
  11. For guaranteeing the supply and the maintenace with the continuous and the balanced, business enterprise to must store the supplies of the certain quantity, this is the stock. that quantity is excessive, and not only take up the large quantity of warehouse area, return possibility because of the long - term put off but make the supplies damage change in character, result in wasted ; quantity over little, because of the need of undulate and provide with the machine a phenomenon for indetermination for time of delivery, may very take placing supply falls short of demand, give produce to maintain to take to lose, so that must enhance science management towards stock

    為了保證供應和維修的連續性和均衡性，企業必須儲備一定數量的物資，這就是庫存。庫存數量過多，不僅要佔用大量的倉庫面積，還可能由於長期積壓而使物資損壞變質，造成浪費；數量過少，由於需求的隨機波動及供貨單位交貨時間的不確定性，很可能發生供不應求的現象，給生產維修帶損失，因此必須加強對庫存的科學管理。
  12. By specific situations and tasks, personal computers consider three decision projects. firstly, when personal computers turn up fault, the methods of checking fault can find fault component and mechanism. calculating and comparing the consumption of maintenance and replacement can made decision

    由個人計算機具體的情況和任務出發，考慮三種情況的決策：一是當個人計算機出現故障時，應用故障檢測方法，找出故障部位、機理，通過維修與更換費用的計算和權衡做出決策，以此來補償有形磨損。
  13. On the basis of collecting and processing many datum and materials. firstly. this paper analyzes main activities and cost constitutions of each stage of the life cycle of a fcs, and lay a foundation for later analysis and evaluation of system lcc. secondly, a basis method and usage range for estimating the system lcc are introduced. a multivariate linear regression model of pcs development cost and cost driven factor is built by use of the parametric method and supplies the base of cost estimation of newly - developed systems. thirdly, combine actual examples and make statistical analysis of lcc of a certain pcs developed by our institute, predict unhappened usage and service cost with grey prediction method, obtain proportion of each constitute to the lcc. forthly, according to actual conditions, use the fuzzy theory to overall evaluate efficacy of the fcs, fifthly, combimng our actual conditions, investigate specific measures of how to implement the life cycle cost management in our institute and put forward a new conception of developing web - based flight control system lcc management information system with pdm as the platform. at last, investigate important factors such as reliability and maintainability that may affect the life cycle cost of the fcs in detail, and put forward specific methods of lowering the life cycle cost of the fcs

    論文在收集和整理大量資料的基礎上，首先深入分析了飛控系統壽命周期各階段的主要活動以及各階段的費用構成，為以後系統壽命周期費用的分析和評價奠定了基礎；其次，介紹了壽命周期費用估算的基本方法和使用范圍，並利用參數法建立了飛控系統研製費用與費用驅動因子的多元線性回歸模型，為新研系統的費用估算提供了依據；第三，結合實例對我所研製的某型飛控系統的壽命周期費用進行統計分析，運用灰色預測方法對未發生的使用及維修費用進行預測，得出了該系統的壽命周期費用以及各組成部分所佔比例；第四，根據實際情況，首次運用模糊理論對飛控系統的系統效能進行了綜合評價，構造了飛控系統系統效能模糊綜合評價模型；第五，結合我所實際，探討了如何在本單位實施加強壽命周期費用管理的具體措施，提出以pdm為平臺，開發基於web的飛控系統lcc管理信息系統的新構思；最後，對影響飛控系統壽命周期費用的重要因素如可靠性和維修性等進行了詳細地研究，提出了降低飛控系統壽命周期費用的具體方法。
  14. Till now, there were four stages in the development of technical maintenance, after repair, beforehand repair, daily maintenance and integrated management. nowadays, to maximize the entire efficiency the technical management, many shipping companies have introduced the policy of life cycle cost management and total productive maintenance and logistics

    如今，典型的設備管理模式在理論上大都融合了「全壽命周期費用管理、全員生產維修和後勤工程學」等思想精髓，注重設備在設計和製造階段的前期管理，追求設備管理全過程綜合效益的最大化。
  15. A perennial challenge to sustained quality management and maintenance is how to ensure that the majority of cooperating owners will not be frustrated or taken unfair advantage of by those who fail to pay their share of the requisite expenses, including the remuneration of the manager

    5要保持優質管理和維修，經常都遇到一個問題，就是如何避免大部分合作的業主，因其他業主欠付管理費用等款項而感到困擾或利益受損。
  16. At last, aiming at some problems about moving machinery now, such as the backward manage, the difficult to check performances, the high of maintenance expenses, it takes performance checking for moving machinery in xianglujiao corporation of dalian port as background, the author develops " fault diagnosis and predicting maintenance system for port moving m

    最後，以大連港務局香爐礁港務公司流動機械為背景，針對目前流動機械管理落後、性能檢測困難、維修費用高等現存問題，融合傳統故障診斷方法和本文提出的幾種新方法，開發研製了「港口流動機械故障診斷與預知維修系統」 。
  17. Since the distributor is an independent contractor, he assumes far more risks and obligations than an agent does : bad debts, advertising expenditure, warranty claims and maintenance, etc

    由於經銷商是個獨立的承包人，他承擔的風險和責任比代理商要大得多：壞帳、廣告費、保修和維修等等。
  18. Two - way arch bridges have big weight in existing bridges in our country, they have large quantity & locate all over the country. for some reasons, they behave aging & diseases. for the purses of assuring transportation safety, highway salibility, having the existing bridges to be used sufficiently & using the maintain money properly, it is necessary to do proper reliability evaluation for two - way arch bridges. consultes on the base of large quantity of domestic & foreign literature, this thesis uses engineering survy & others " evaluation experience & advances factors analysis & system synthesis method for two - way arch bridge. this method overcomes the shortcomings & abuses that the used methods have. it has high veracity, strong adaptability & good maneuverability

    為了保證公路暢通、行車安全，充分發揮現役橋梁的作用，合理使用橋梁的維修加固費用，需對雙曲拱橋的可靠性做出恰當的評估。本文在大量參考國內外文獻的基礎上，結合工程調查和前人評估經驗，提出了雙曲拱橋可靠性評估的因素分析和系統綜合法，克服了過去各種方法的不足和弊端。該方法準確性高、適應性強、可操作性好。
  19. Lack of means - some owners may have genuine difficulties in meeting the costs of proper building management and maintenance. they may fail to set aside the costs for non - recurrent building repair works, and have difficulty in meeting them when the need arises ; and

    欠缺能力：部分業主難于支付管理和維修大廈的費用，亦沒有預留足夠款項，故無法承擔非經常性的大廈維修工程費用以及
  20. A new maintenance method called pertinence maintenance is also introduced in chapter fourth. chapter fifth is mainly about the cost control of shipping maintenance, integrated with the practice of our shipping company, combined with my work experience, chapter fifth provides two useful models - shipping repair factory chosen model and repair cycle model

    第五章主要介紹船舶維修保養的費用管理控制方法，結合本人機務管理實踐經驗，提出船舶廠修選廠和維修周期決策模型，這些模型對于提高船舶維修保養管理水平具有積極意義。
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