胞裂期 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bāolièqī]
胞裂期
英文
kataphase-
The tenuous state of the chromosomes during the period between cell divisions should not suggest that they are inert at this time.
在細胞分裂期間，纖細狀態的染色體並不表明此時它們是不活躍的。By using the gfp - labeling technique, we have found that gfp - cam colocalized with all the characterized structures formed during cytokinesis
通過採用gfp標記技術，我們觀察到gfp - cam與胞質分裂期細胞內形成的特徵結構存在共分佈。This dynamic colocolazation pattern of cam with different cytokinesis apparatuses indicates that cam involves in the whole process of cytokinesis. 2
Cam在胞質分裂期不同階段與不同特徵結構的共分佈提示cam參與了胞質分裂的整個過程。As for the sub - cellular locations of cortactin, laser confocal scanning microscope pictures shew that in cleavage stage, cortactin was distributed ubiquitously in the cytoplasm with the exception that in cells undertaking cytokinesis, positive stained signals were detected in the cleavage furrow
在利用激光掃描共聚焦顯微鏡進行的皮層蛋白亞細胞定位的觀察中發現，卵裂期，皮層蛋白在整個細胞質中分佈，在正在進行胞質分裂的卵裂溝中染色較強。Protein kinase a is camp - dependent kinase, one of the most important signal transduction pathways, plays a pivotal role in growth, differentiation, tumor occur, cell cycle control, etc. pka activators such as camp, 8 - br - camp or phosphodiesterase ( pde ) inhibitor isomethyl butyl xanthine ( imbx ) or purified pka catalytic subunit all can inhibit germinal vesicle breakdown ( gvbd ) and meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes, also in xenopus oocytes
蛋白激酶a （ proteinkinasea ， pka ）是依賴于camp的絲蘇氨酸蛋白激酶，是重要的信號傳導途徑之一，廣泛參與許多生命過程，包括生長、分化、腫瘤發生、細胞凋亡、細胞周期調控等。以小鼠卵母細胞為實驗對象，給予pka激動劑camp 、 8 - br - camp或磷酸二酯酶抑制劑imbx （ isomethylbutylxanthine ）均可抑制小鼠卵母細胞的胚泡破裂及減數分裂成熟。2. stage of absorption : the fragments of the target tissue s cells will be gradually absorbed, glial cells will be generated, blood vessel will be blocked, intradermal cells will be generated and new capillary vessel will be formed in the following year after the stage of putrescence
2 .吸收期：壞死期后至照射一年，所照射組織細胞裂解碎片被逐漸吸收，膠質細胞增生，血管閉塞，內皮細胞增生，並出現新生毛細血管Partial chromosomes happened abnormally during pollen mother cells meiosis, which included chromosome chain, chromosome loop, lagging chromosome and chromosome unequal distribution
麗? 2號花粉母細胞在減數分裂期染色體行為發生了異常，出現較高頻率的染色體鏈及少部分的染色體環和落後染色體。On the other hand, the activity and function of p27 kip1 was affected by many physiological agents such as camp, il - 2, rampamycin. the expression of p27kip1 increased after - irradiationin in the fibroblastoma cells, leading to arrest in gl phase, but its expression markedly decreased after y - irradiation in the nbcc cells, and leaded to arrest in g2 / m phase. several studies have reported that p27 kip1 involved in a much wider range of cellar processes, such as differentiation, apoptosis and migration, the expression level of p27kip1 is key for its function in dna damage responses
另一方面， p27kip 』的活性水平及功能作用，因細胞類型不同而各異，又受多種因素的影響，如一些有絲分裂原camp 、雷帕黴素可以上調p27kip ，的表達，而il一2等則與p27ki 」 『的表達下降有關，受電離輻射（ ir ）照射的成纖維細胞瘤及用1 ， 25一二經基d3處理的hela細胞系在gl期均有游離的p27腳『的積累，細胞周期阻滯在gl期;而在痣癌伽bccs ）細胞中， y一射線能誘導p27吻『表達水平的顯著下調，細胞周期阻滯在g2艦期。Cdc5 gene is necessary for the g2 / m transition. cells with mutations in cdc5 can not finish the g2 / m transition, then die ; overexpression of cdc5 can shorten g2, the cell cycle as well. it also makes cells lessening
1976年， nurse等在篩選裂殖酵母（ s . pombe ）細胞周期進程突變體的過程中得到了基因cdc5 ，后來經實驗證明cdc5對細胞周期g2期到m期的轉換是必需的： cdc5突變后造成細胞無法完成g2 m轉換而死亡；過量表達cdc5會縮短g2期，同時縮短整個細胞周期，並導致細胞變小。At that time, cytosolic fluorescence intensity decreased to normal level, which shows that most of cells get through the gl / s point and enter the log phase. when cultured in medium that neucl was omitted, most of the cells were synchronized at gl stage of cell cycle. with flow cytometry, we found that cytosolic cam content of gl cells was higher than that of normal cells at log stage
在激光掃描共聚焦顯微鏡下觀察不同周期時相裂殖酵母細胞中cam的濃度及分佈變化，結果表明，分裂期細胞總體熒光強度強于間期細胞；而對同一細胞內熒光強度的分析說明，間期細胞的熒光主要分佈於胞質中，細胞核內則分佈較少；而正在進行有絲分裂的細胞內熒光主要集中於赤道板處；剛完成有絲分裂的細胞內熒光則相對集中於兩端或其中的一端。Together, these cyclin / cdk complexes are the universal cell cycle regulators, with each complex controlling a specific transition between the subsequent phases in the cell cycle
Cyclin cdk復合物作為廣泛的影響細胞分裂調節物而發揮作用。每一種復合物參與不同的細胞周期各時段的調控。By using gfp - cam fusion protein, we have observed the detailed dynamic redistribution of cam in hela cells during cytokinesis. in tri - polar cell model, we have studied the relationship between the distribution pattern of cam and the formation of the cleavage furrow. furthermore, we have made the study on the regulation mechanism of cam during the whole process of cytokinesis by inhibiting its activity at different cytokinesis stages
我們採用綠色熒光蛋白（ gfp ）標記技術，重點觀察了胞質分裂期hela細胞中gfp - cam的動態分佈；應用三極細胞模型研究了cam的分佈與分裂溝形成之間的關系；還通過在胞質分裂不同階段抑制cam的活性研究了cam在整個胞質分裂過程中的作用機制。Centromere the region of the chromosome that contains the kinetochore, the structure that becomes attached to the nuclear spindle during mitosis and meiosis
著絲粒：染色體上包含著絲點的區域，在細胞有絲分裂和減數分裂期間與紡錘體相整合的一種結構。Genome dna of all blood samples were extracted by using erythrocyte lysis solution and pcr buffer / nonionic detergent / proteinase k. a 109bp fragment was amplified from the human genome dna. 2. in 166 han samples, 19 ( 11. 45 % ) heterozygous genotypes of codon 54 mutant allele were found by pcr - sscp
用紅細胞裂解液和pcr緩沖液非離于去污劑蛋白酶k兩種自配試劑成功地提取了所收標本的人白細胞基因組dna ，並以此為模板成功擴增出預期的109hpmbl目的基因片段。With the results of analysis of cells morphology and cell cycle determination, c. chinensis extract, inhibiting pc 12 cells proliferation, inducing neurite outgrowth, was testified. at the same time, c. chinensis extract can also amplify expression of neuroregenerating maker molecule, growth associated protein - 43, increase the activity of acetylcholinesterase in rat pheochromocytoma pc 12 cells
菟絲子提取物處理后的pc12細胞形態分析、免疫組化和細胞周期測定結果表明，菟絲子提取物不僅能抑制細胞分裂，誘導細胞分化、延伸大量突起，而且能促進神經元再生信號蛋白gap - 43的大量表達，提高乙酰膽堿脂酶（ acetylcholinesterase ， ache ）的活性。After 15h of maturation. 98 % of oocytes released the first polar body and thus the first meiosis of mouse oocytes ended. secondly, strong chromosome to chromosome binding was induced by culturing pro - mi oocytes in demecolcine supplemented medium
第一次減數分裂期小鼠卵母細胞經化學去核后，去除透明帶，並胎兒成纖維細胞粘合、電融合併srcl2激活，培養于微孔中。Western blot analysis we treated 200 fertilized eggs in a series of steps including lysing them in l0ul of lysis buffer ( 50mm tris - hcl ph 7. 5, 250mm nacl, 5mm edta, imm dtt, 0. 1 % triton, 50mm sodium orthovanadate, looug / mg pmsf and tpck, 50ug / ml tlck, 1 ug / ml leupeptin pepstatin and aprotinin ), frozing them below - 70, and then thawing them at room temperature for 10 min
2 . westem印跡將處理組及對照組小鼠一細胞g2期受精卵各200個取出，轉移到ep - pendoff管中， 5000甲m離心4分鐘，棄去上清，加入ro川粉碎緩沖液，充分振蕩混勻，在液氮中經過2一3次的凍融循環，迫使卵細胞裂解，加人等量的樣品緩沖液沸水中煮5分鐘，用於westem印跡分析。The effect of aging on oocyte parthenogenetic development and the dynamic changes of microtubule during meiotic division
老化對卵母細胞孤雌發育和減數分裂期間微管動態變化的影響Rapid responses occured when cells were exposed to genotoxic stresses : one is initiating dna damage checkpoint that leads to arrest in gl, in order to provide the cell with sufficient time to repair damaged dna, or leads to arrest in g2, in order to avoid defective chromosome happening mitosis. on the other hand, if damage to the genome is excessive, the cells initiating apoptosis, when damages cannot be repaired
這是因為細胞在受到諸如電離輻射等基因毒應激損傷時，細胞最先作出的細胞學反應：一，起始dnadamagecheckpoint使細胞周期阻滯（ arrest ）在g1期，贏得時間識別與修復損傷，避免損傷的dna進行錯誤的復制，或和阻滯在g2期，避免缺陷的染色體進一步分裂；二，損傷嚴重而修復無望啟動細胞死亡程序，清除那些帶有病變傾向的細胞危害機體。Polyclonal anti - cdc2 antibodies, anti - cdc25c monoclonal antibodies and peroxidase - conjugated horse anti goat igg were purchased from sigma chemical co. ( stlouis, mo ) reagents [ a - 32p ] dctp and [ r - 32p ] atp were purchased from yahui biotech - nology co. ltd, china
在真核細胞中，進入分裂其是依賴于mpf （ mphasepromotingfaetor ） ， mpf由edez激酶和eyelinb組成，通過磷酸化在有絲分裂期起作用的底物而發揮作用。分享友人