自效基因 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìxiàojīyīn]
自效基因
英文
autarchic genes-
According to these problems, we adopt to the method of mending material, optimize to fermentation media and partly ferment condition. finally, we excogitate a kind of fermentation technology that is suitable for target gene efficiency expressed and is advantageous of product purified. with the plasmid pbv220 - ifnr, pbv220 - hgfa, pbv220 - hgfb, pbv220 - hpk5 that expresses serve as the model, adopting the biostat - c15l of b. braun company, utilize the method of mending material to ferment, through optimization fermentation media and optimization partly ferment condition ( ventilate quantity, stir speed, mend material speed ), eventually establishment a kind of fermentation technology that is suitable for target gene efficiency expressed and is advantageous of product purified
以我室構建並穩定表達的重組質粒pbv220 - - ifn 、 pbv220 - hgf 、 pbv220 - hgf 、 pbv220 - hpk5為模型，分別從不同的表達宿主菌中篩選出一種適合大規模生產的菌種bl21 （ de3 ） ，該工程菌株連續傳代100代表達質粒不丟失，表達量穩定；採用b . braun公司的biostat - c15l自控發酵罐，運用分批補料技術分別進行四種工程菌的高密度發酵，通過優化工程菌發酵的培養基配方及優化部分發酵條件（通氣量、攪拌速度、補料速度） ，最終建立一種適于目的基因高效表達的高密度發酵工藝模式。Killing effects of different prodrugs combined with suicide gene hsv - tk on hep - 2 in vitro
自殺基因系統對喉癌細胞體外殺傷效應的比較研究The results show that the genetic diversity of filial generations is higher than self - bred progeny ’ s ， the hybrid vigor has manifested at metabolization level 。 the proportion of polymorphic loci ( p. 99 ) in f1 generations was 30. 77 - 36. 36 % ， the mean observed heterozygosity ( ho ) of jmcf （ japanese male chinese female ） was the highest with 0. 1727, the rest populations were ： jfcm （ japanese female chinese male ） 0. 1536 、 cp 0. 1273 and jp 0. 1055 ， the mean effective number of allels per locus in f1 generations ： cp ’ s was the highest with 1. 7318 ， jp ’ s was the lowest with 1. 6718 ， the filial generations ’ values were in the midle of the cp ’ s and jp ’ s and between them there was no brightly difference, with 1. 6955 ( jfp ) and 1. 6927 ( jmp )
各組的平均雜合度預期值也表現出該趨勢，即：日自交組最低，為0 . 1786 ，日雄中雌雜交組的平均雜合度最高，為0 . 1964 ，日雌中雄雜交組和中自交組分別是0 . 1891和0 . 1865 。 hardy - weinberg平衡下遺傳偏離指數也是雜交組的小於自交組的，平均每個位點的等位基因有效數目中自交組最高為1 . 7318 ，日自交組最低為1 . 6718 ，兩雜交組群體的這一指數相差不多，分別是1 . 6955和1 . 6927 ，位於兩親本的中間水平。Found the phenomenon observed in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans for the first time in 1998, consequently similar processes have been described for drosophila melanogaster, trypanosome, mammals including humans. the mechanism is that sirnas is the mediator, which can induce the risc to the target mrna and degrade it. recently there was great progress in the specific gene therapy and anti - virus, and rnai has been a focus of rna molecular therapy
自1998年fire等在研究線蟲時首次發現以來，相繼在果蠅、渦蟲、錐蟲、小鼠及哺乳動物細胞中發現rnai現象。一般認為： rnai第四軍醫大學碩士學位論文效應作用機制是sirnaskmallinterferinguaduplex ）作為中介分于，引導risc （ rnaiinducingsuppresscomplex ）至靶基因m洲a處，隨后核酸內切酶將之降解。( 4 ) transformation of mdmv - cp gene mdmv - cp gene was successfully into r18. w18 and 501 in 2001 fall, each material being bombed 20, 15, and 10 plates. 213 bastar ( effective constitution ppt ) resistant plants were obtained of which r18, w18 and 501 resistant plants counted 103, 90, and 20 plants respectively. molecular test was undergoing
O ） mdmvcp因的邀傳轉化於2001年秋用基因槍將mdmvcp基因巾35scpbar質粒）導入、 w18 、 501三個優良自交系，利用已建立好的遺傳轉化體系，經抗性篩選、分化、壯苗等步驟，已得到抗bastar （有效成分ppt ）植株213棵，其中r18103株、 w1890株、 50120株。Major emerging issues discussed, included alien invasive species, biodiversity of natural ecosystems, sustainable use of biological resources, access and benefits shared from the use of genetic resources, etc
議題主要環繞外來物種的侵入自然生態系統的生物多樣化生物資源的持續使用基因資源的獲取及效益。Instead of prescribing chemotherapies according to a doctor ' s best guess, they propose a genetic analysis to predict which type of chemotherapy would stand the greatest chance of zapping cancerous cells
並不依賴于臨床醫生自己的臆斷，而是通過分析患者的基因型來作出哪種化學制劑最有效地殺傷腫瘤細胞的推測。The results indicated that opposite maize had widespread heterosis like alternative maize ; yield advantage of opposite f1 ( alternative alternative ) was better than that of f1 ( opposite opposite ) and f1 ( alternative opposite or reverse ) ; general combining ability of yield characters was decreased by opposite characters transfer maize, but alternative maize with opposite genes has high general combining ability, so that on the opposite maize breeding, alternative inbred lines with different opposite genes can be parents for breeding hybrid lines ( alternative alternative ) and hybrid varieties with more seeds and high yield can be obtained
結果表明：對生玉米同互生玉米一樣具有普遍的雜種優勢，在產量性狀上f1對生株優勢互互組合大於對對組合和對互（互對）組合；對生性狀的轉育對產量性狀的一般配合力有降低效應，而含有對生基因的互生玉米具有較高的一般配合力效應，因此，在對生玉米育種中可以利用含有不同對生基因的互生自交系作親本來組配雜交組合（互互） ，從而獲得較高的制種產量和高產的對生雜交種。With the acceleration of extinction of species, biodiversity conservation is extensively concerned. the extinction of species is concerned with the degree of threat by biotic and abiotic factors. so, taking action to preserve plant species is very necessary and paramount before their extinction. one of the most effective biological techniques to conserve the biodiversity is the establishment of genebanks, i. e. ex situ conservation. the elucidation of various factors that regulate seed viability and vigor in storage is essential. an ideal condition to prolong the longevity is mainly depended on seed water content, temperature, humidity and types of containers used during storage. the optimum stage of seed maturity, harvesting techniques and processing, in addition to physiological features such as degree of dormancy, also play key roles in seed storage. certainly, desiccated seeds deteriorate with time even under extremely good genebanking conditions. according to seed storage behavior, it is necessary to consider three principal factors : storage environment, storage duration and plant species which will affect seed survival under good genebanking conditions. the present review is an attempt to discuss the importance of the aforementioned aspects of seeds in detail in order to conserve plant germplasms ( especially wild rare and endangered plants ) for ex situ conservation through seed - gene bank
一個物種的滅絕是與其受生物因子和非生物因子的威脅程度相關的.隨著物種的加速絕滅，保護生物多樣性受到廣泛地關注.保護生物多樣性的最有效的生物技術之一是建立種子基因庫，進行遷地保護.種子庫理想的貯藏條件主要取決于種子含水量、貯藏環境（如溫度和濕度）和貯存種子的容器.進行種子貯藏，了解種子生命力和活力的影響因子的作用機理是十分重要和必要的.除了種子自身的生理特徵外，種子的貯藏壽命與種子成熟度、收獲技術、加工處理方法也是息息相關的.即使在最適的庫存條件下，種子也會隨時間發生劣變.因此，必須根據種子特定的貯藏行為，加以考慮影響種子存活的3個主要方面（貯藏環境、貯藏期和植物種類）而選擇有效的貯藏方案.本文試圖討論種子貯藏生理的幾個重要方面及其需解決的技術問題，以便更好地通過種子基因庫，長期有效地保存植物種質資源Genetic algorithm ( ga ) is a kind of highly paralel, stochastic, global probability search algorithm based on the evolutionism such as natural selection, genetic crossover and gene mutation
遺傳演算法是一種基於自然選擇、遺傳雜效和基因變異等生物進化機制的高度并行、隨機、全局性概率搜索演算法。No areas have been identified by the group for fear of alerting poachers to the animals " presence, it said. wwf estimates that the number of sumatran rhinos has declined by half due to poaching over the last 10 years, with rhino horns fetching a high price in asian black markets due their believed medicinal properties
根據世界自然基金會估計，由於盜獵行為的存在，蘇門答臘犀牛的數量在過去10年裡已經減少了一半，這主要是因為犀牛角被認為具有一定的藥用功效可以在亞洲地區的黑市上賣出高價。Such efforts, though, are slow and inefficient, leading scientists to wonder if substrates existed that could naturally orient the tubes
不過這些方式都相當緩慢又欠缺效率，因此科學家猜想是否有某種基板可以自然引導奈米管。Wwf estimates that the number of sumatran rhinos has declined by half due to poaching over the last 10 years, with rhino horns fetching a high price in asian black markets due their believed medicinal properties
根據世界自然基金會估計，由於盜獵行為的存在，蘇門答臘犀牛的數量在過去10年裡已經減少了一半，這主要是因為犀被認為具有一定的藥用功效可以在亞洲地區的黑市上賣出高價。For a time, it was successful, but then evolution struck back, as natural selection favoured the spread of insecticide - resistant genes
這種方法一時間非常有效，但接著蚊子重磅回擊? ?大自然的生存法則讓蚊子大軍有了抗殺蟲劑的良好基因。Firstly, this paper discussed failure mechanisms, failure reasons and precautions of explosion, corrosion, abrasion, deformation and leakage etc by studying the rationales of internal and overseas failure analysis for pressure vessels. secondly, each fault tree of failure analysis was built and the knowledge base of failure analysis for pressure vessels was made by combining production rule with framework in the end
本文借鑒國內外的壓力容器失效分析的基本原理，研究了破裂或爆破失效、腐蝕失效、磨損失效、變形失效、泄漏失效等失效機理、失效原因及預防處理措施，進而建立其各自相應的失效分析故障樹，最後通過產生式系統與框架系統相結合的知識表示方法建立了壓力容器失效分析知識庫。Pcr - based analysis method was carried out in the following study. dna amplification by pcr in cgg repeats were performed on 154 people as normal control ( 73 males and 81 females ) and 23 members from four x - linked mental retardation ( xlmr ) families. after electrophoresed on a 6 % - denaturing polyacrylamide gel ( acr : bis = 19 : l ), genotypes of the objects were determined by analyzing pcr products
本研究採用較以往更為簡便有效的pcr技術方法，對隨機抽取的154人的正常群體（男性73人、女性sl人）及來自四個智力低下家系的23名成員進行了fmr基因cgg重復序列的擴增，利用變性聚丙烯酸胺凝膠電泳技術對不同等位基因類型進行分離和統計。Because there are many copies of chloroplast dna and the chloroplast has a strong tolerance to accumulation of the products expressed by the introduced foreign gene, a high level of expression is often happened in chloroplast transformation. in addition, because of prokaryotic property of the chloroplast, the prokaryotic gene can be expressed in chloroplast without any modification and multigene can be simultaneously transferred in " polycistron ", which is impossible in nucleic transformation
另外，由於葉綠體基因組的原核性質，對來自原核生物的外源基因無需改造就可以在葉綠體內高效表達，而且可以將多個外源基因採取「多順反子」的原核表達形式同時引入，並由共同的啟動子控制，既方便操作又可避免由於存在多個相同啟動子所帶來的「共沉默」 。Living creatures accomplish self - organization by mutually effective combination of genetic building blocks which form internal model and by their coevolution. living creature adapting to its environment is one of natural sele ction ' s results
自組織是通過基因積木的有效組合形成內部模型和生物共同進化來實現的。生物對環境的適應，是自然選擇的結果之一。By utilizing " the theory on value chain ", the thesis advances that the strategic segment of the value chain in the bio - pharmaceutical industry is innovation of the bio - medical products, while the foothold of the product innovation lays on know - how researching and developing functional genes. thus the thesis proposes that under the premises of full understanding and grasping characteristics of the industry and corresponding products could investors give full play to their own advantages to date and collaborate the strong with mutual benefit meanwhile, investors would draw up purposeful investment strategy and build up flexible and effective guarantee system of investments. therefore, it would help the future investors not only to build up core competition capacity of their own in the long run, but also to grasp the investment opportunities more accurately, make their investment action more reasonable, lower the investment risks further and get richer return on investment
論文在對國內外生物醫藥行業發展現狀進行多方位分析、總結的基礎上，針對我國目前該行業中投資存在的「投資領域過于集中、投資者在思想認識、資金實力和投資方向方面與行業特點存在著較大的差距、風險投資環境尚未健全、運作管理相對滯后」等問題，利用「價值鏈理論」對該行業的投資機會加以分析，提出了「生物醫藥產業價值鏈的戰略環節為產品創新，而產品創新的立足點在於研發功能基因等專有技術」等觀點，建議投資者應在充分理解、把握生物醫藥行業及生物技術產品特點的前提下，根據目前自身的優勢，強強聯合、優勢互補，制定有針對性的投資戰略、配之靈活有效的投資保障體系，從而構建自身未來的核心競爭能力，以使未來此領域投資者的投資機會更準把握，投資行為更趨理智，投資風險更為降低，投資收益更加豐厚。Salsa roots was significantly higher than that in leaves and shoots after bei ng treated with 400mmol / l nacl for 72h. and we also concluded that the transcriptional level of sspip in s. salsa leaves was increased after being treated with 400 mmol / l nacl for 4d and 6d respectively. transformation of soybean has been far from routine
大豆的遺傳轉化一直是作物基因工程領域的難點之一，自hinchee和mccabe分別用兩種不同方法轉化大豆成功得到轉基因植株以來，有關於此方面的研究一直沒有突破性的進展，具體來說最重要的一點就是轉化效率沒有顯著提高。分享友人