自由對位法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yóuduìwèi]
自由對位法 英文
free counterpoint
  • : Ⅰ代詞(自己) self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞(自然;當然) certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • : causereason
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (回答) answer; reply 2 (對待; 對付) treat; cope with; counter 3 (朝; 向; 面對) be tr...
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (所在或所佔的地方) place; location 2 (職位; 地位) position; post; status 3 (特指皇帝...
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱) law 2 (方法; 方式) way; method; mode; means 3 (標...
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  1. Although the road from the research and development stage to making concrete contributions to the community is a long one, polyu has garnered substantial and invaluable experience and achievements in the areas of advancing technological innovation, serving the community with our research deliverables as well as commercializing our research output. while our well - known space tools space holiner forceps and mars rock corer have already made their mark in different parts of the world, we have also made use of our research deliverables to serve those in need. earlier this year, local newspapers have given significant coverage to the case of a quadriplegic patient who had lost his will to live and appealed to legislative councillors for the legalization of euthanasia. fortunately, as soon as this incident went to the press and was brought to the attention of our rehabilitation engineering experts, our colleagues were more than willing to offer a helping hand with their professional expertise

    雖然科技發展到社會作出實質貢獻是一條漫長的道路,但香港理工大學在推動創新科技、用科研成果服務社會和產業化等方面,已取得了一些寶貴的經驗和成就。除了廣為人知的太空儀器太空鉗和巖芯取樣器的開發,我們也利用科技成果幫助社會上有需要的人士。例如今年年初,報章大篇幅報導了一四肢癱瘓的長期病患者因為意志消沉,曾去信立會議員請求將安樂死合化,以便他能了斷己的生命。
  2. Concern the provision of audit work station according to accounting method, if an accounting clerk manages debt already, provide check again, apparent and easy cheat, should give so prohibit ; the accountant record of an unit is custodial, it is the accountant such as budget of forms for reporting statistics of book of zhang of all sorts of prooves that point to this pair of units, accountant, accountant, financial plan, unit and important contract data, after be being collected regularly, examine a nucleus to be opposite, arrange stand roll, schedule, bound into book custodial, if allow a person to manage the debt of an unit already, keep again accountant record, made motion easily on debt apparently later the action that the opportunity of record of recycle government accountant covers him, give so prohibit : the registering job of items of an account of debt of the income of an unit, defray, charge, creditor ' s rights, the much that includes station of work of charge to an account but not be all ( for instance cash journal and bank come - and - go journal are not included ), this part charge to an account works, it is the foundation of business accounting of an unit accountant, also be the basis that produces cash come - and - go, also cannot hold part - time by cashier personnel, a person manages debt already, manage charge to an account again the basis that this produces debt come - and - go, very easy defalcate

    根據會計有關稽核工作崗的規定,假如一個會計工作人員既管錢款,又管復核,顯然輕易作假,所以要予以禁止;一個單的會計檔案保管,是指本單的各種憑證、會計賬簿、會計報表、財務計劃、單預算和重要的合同等會計資料,定期收集后,審查核,整理立卷,編制目錄、裝訂成冊的保管,假如答應一個人既治理一個單的錢款,又保管會計檔案,顯然輕易在錢款上做了手腳之後再利用治理會計檔案的機會掩蓋己的行為,所以予以禁止:一個單的收入、支出、費用、債權債務賬目的登記工作,包括記賬工作崗的大部分但不是全部(比如現金日記賬和銀行往來日記賬就不包括在內) ,這部分記賬工作,是一個單會計核算的基礎,也是發生現金往來的根據,也不能出納人員兼任,一個人既治理錢款,又治理記賬這一發生錢款往來的根據,很輕易監守盜。
  3. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮,論文主要從以下幾方面地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討:全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的來與演變,國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評,並「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討;涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述,目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了己的見解;全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義,並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方進行了比分析,結合實例具體說明了方的應用;深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性,傳統的地下水資源動態預測方進行了全面的評述,指出了各類預測預報方的特點及適用條件,最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方及其應用范圍,以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹,並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析,採用時間序列中的b ? j,蒙特卡羅方,與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合,探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路;綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷,將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度,使模型更準確、更實用;保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析,內部河海人學博卜學論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀,科學的資源計算與評價方,可靠的資源預測預報技術,可操作的資源管理措施,外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  4. Abstract : a new clock - driven eco placement algorithm is presented for standard - cell layout design based on the table - lookup delay model. it considers useful clock skew information in the placement stage. it also modifies the positions of cells locally to make better preparation for the clock routing. experimental results show that with little influence to other circuit performance, the algorithm can improve permissible skew range distribution evidently

    文摘:提出了一種新的時鐘性能驅動的增量式布局演算,它針目前工業界較為流行的標準單元布局,應用查找表模型來計算延遲.於在布局階段較早地考慮到時鐘信息,可以通過調整單元置,更有利於后續的有用偏差時鐘布線和偏差優化問題.來於工業界的測試用例結果表明,該演算可以有效地改善合理偏差范圍的分佈,而電路的其它性能影響很小
  5. The first part : the general description of promoter ' s civil liability this part generally describes some problems including the conception of promoter the features of promoter ' s liability etc. as to some controversial issues such as the conception of promoter, corporation de facto, the author promotes personal viewpoints and makes preparations for the whole passage, on the basis of the introduction of academic attitudes

    文章分為四部分。第一部分:發起人民事責任概述該部分主要概述發起人民事責任的概念、特點等。于發起人概念的界定以及發起人存在載體?設立中公司律地等問題,筆者在介紹學界的觀點的基礎上提出己的意見並闡述了理,為下文所涉及的概念術語及相關前沿理論問題作了必要的鋪墊。
  6. It is well known that jpeg and jpeg2000 are still image compression standard with high performance at present time. so we choose them as our investigative base to compress image. my amendment in jpeg mainly includes self - adaptive huffman coding and reduction of blocking effect

    於jpeg標準所提供的演算還有進一步改進的可能,所以在文中將介紹如何jpeg標準進行演算改進,主要包括:適應哈夫曼編碼、塊效應的消除;針jpeg2000標準,將主要介紹jpeg2000標準核心演算的實現以及如何用最大平移方實現感興趣區編解碼。
  7. The cable - strut tensile structures are the self - stress equilibrium systems composed by tensional cables and struts. in this paper, the basic concept of the structures was described. the analysis methods of the structural characteristics ( statically and kinematically determinate or indeterminate ) and the geometrical stability were presented. it is indicated that the cable - strut tensile structures are in stable equilibrium with first - order infinitesimal mechanisms. the ranks of equilibrium matrix were calculated by employing the singular value decomposition, and the independent modes of inextensional mechanisms and the states of self - stress were also obtained in the same way. this paper contains some typical examples which illustrate all of the main points of the work

    索桿張力結構是指張力索和壓桿組成的、具有預應力平衡的新穎結構體系.本文詳細闡述這種結構的基本概念和結構特徵,討論結構靜動定體系特性和幾何穩定性判定分析方,指出索桿張力結構應具有一階無窮小機構的幾何穩定體系.文中採用奇異值分解方計算結構平衡矩陣的秩,並計算獨立機構移模態和應力模態.最後,幾種典型的索桿張力結構進行了算例分析
  8. Among the causes that contributed to bring about this result were lauristons mission, and the abundance of provisions at tarutino, and the reports that were continually coming in from all sides of the inactivity and lack of discipline in the french army, and the filling up of our regiments by recruits, and the fine weather, and the long rest enjoyed by the russian soldiers, and the impatience to do the work for which they have been brought together, that always arises in troops after repose, and curiosity to know what was going on in the french army, of which they had so long seen nothing, and the daring with which the russian outposts dashed in among the french encamped at tarutino, and the news of the easy victories gained by bands of peasants and free - lances over the french, and the envy aroused by them, and the desire of revenge, that every man cherished at heart so long as the french were in moscow ; andstronger than allthe vague sense growing up in every soldiers heart that the relative strength of the armies had changed, and the preponderance was now on our side

    比迅速的改變,雖然俄國人還不知道國軍隊的置和人數,無數的跡象都表現出必須立刻發起進攻。這些跡象是:洛里斯頓的派遣,塔魯丁塔的糧草充裕,來各方關於國人的無所事事和混亂的消息,我軍各團隊都補充了新兵,晴朗的天氣,俄國士兵長期的休整以及休整后的士兵通常公務發產生躍躍欲試的心情,于久已消失蹤跡的國軍隊的情況的好奇心,俄國哨兵現在竟敢有在塔魯丁諾國駐軍附近放哨的勇氣,關于農民和游擊隊輕易就戰勝國人的消息,此而產生的羨慕心情,只要國人還占領著莫斯科,人人都抱有復仇的決心,還有更主要的,每個士兵雖然不十分清楚,但是都意識到力量的比現在已經起了變化,優勢在我們方面。實際力量比既然起了變化。
  9. It is necessary to perfect the laws and regulations about mbo and make it legislatorial. part is about the qualitative analysis of the management buy - out. mbo is one of the a & m measures that manager who loans money to buy stock shares of his own corporation so as to change the ownership structure of the corporation and gain anticipated interests

    本文首先管理層收購進行定性分析,認為管理層收購是管理層利用有資金或外部融資來購買其所經營公司的股份,以此完成單純的公司管理者到股東律地的轉變並進而改變公司所有權結構、控制權結構的商事行為。
  10. Because there are three inputs accede to adister of water lever control system of boiler, it is easy to bring error of water lever controlling. this iartice puts forward two methods to dispel error of water lever : ( 1 ) assistant signal self - disappear

    於鍋爐水控制系統的調節器輸入端常加有三個輸入量,極易引起水控制偏差,本文提出了兩種消除水偏差的方: ( 1 )輔助信號消方( 2 )輔助信號消方
  11. The cultural construction work in the transition period left a lot of important historical experience for us. they are : ( 1 ) we should establish the directing role of maxism in all ideological fields and using it to criticize various wrong opinions, but we should distinguish the researching problems from the political problems which belong to two contradictions of different quality ; ( 2 ) we must insist the ccp ' s leading role for all cultural and educational work, but the researching dispute, should not be judged by individual but be solved by observing the regularities of the culural development ; ( 3 ) we must determine the cultural construction serve the people and socialism, but we must correctly recognize and estimate the intellectual of our country, and work out correct policies and stick to them ; ( 4 ) we must establish the security of law and system for cultural construction

    認真總結這一時期的文化建設工作,它給我們留下了非常重要的歷史經驗:既要確立馬克思主義在意識形態各領域的指導地,注意各種錯誤傾向的批判和糾正,又要嚴格分清學術問題和政治問題的界限,分清人民內部矛盾與敵我矛盾的界限;既要堅持黨整個文化教育事業的領導,又要尊重文化身的發展規律,而不能個人學術問題作出「裁決」 ;既要堅持文化建設為人民服務、為社會主義服務的方向,又必須正確認識和估價我國的知識分子隊伍,制定和堅持正確的知識分子政策;確立文化建設的制保障。
  12. The results show the function of teacher union that performs in protecting teachers " rights and interests : ( l ) it is determined by the character of teacher union and laws of labor union. ( 2 ) it is the demand responding to educational reformation

    研究表明:發揮教育工會在教師權益保障中的地和作用,不僅是教育工會身的性質和工會規決定的,更是當前的教育改革教育工會提出的要求。
  13. Such survey, research, contrast and analysis lead to the author ' s positioning of current status of county economy development of the yuanmou county as follows : 1 ) yuanmou is a county typically sustained by agriculture and thus has the characteristics of its kind along with other basic characteristics of mountainous counties ; 2 ) it has lagged far behind the development of the rest of the country, with an economic size accounting to merely 25 % of the average of other counties of china, or 50 % of other counties of yunnan ; 3 ) natural advantages have enabled the tropical crops and green agriculture to stand out as the leading industries, which, together with the discriminative planning and effective efforts of the local government, has resulted in the emergence of the promising " dinosaur economy ; " and 4 ) under - development of industry, now the weakest point of economy of the county, has always been hindering the rapid growth of the local economy and worrying the county leadership, suggesting that industrial restructure and accelerated development of the second and third industries are a tough but inevitable task to tackle

    通過調查、研究、比、分析,將元謀縣域經濟發展的現狀定在:元謀縣是邊疆少數民族地區典型的農業縣,具有農業主導縣所具有的典型特徵,同時也具有山區縣經濟類型的基本特徵;與全國縣域經濟的平均水平相比差距較大,為25左右;與雲南省的平均水平相比僅為50左右;元謀縣於具有一定的然優勢,其熱區作物、綠色產業已經非常突出地成為了該縣的主導產業,加之政府能動力發揮得較好,其「龍型經濟」正在逐步形成,發展勢頭看好,縣域經濟的規劃、發展思路清晰明了;工業仍然是元謀縣經濟發展最為薄弱的一環, 「無工不富」是時時懸在縣委、縣政府頭上的一個警鐘。產業結構的調整,二、三產業的大力發展是元謀縣無繞開而又必須面的非常艱巨的任務。
  14. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究,得出的主要結論有:建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題,現有的方很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據,有其身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍;應針不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等,採用不同的預測方進行建築物震害預測,以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性;建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣,成為指導抗震防災的重要依據,各類結構的震害情況表現為: 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好; 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主; 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主; 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主,單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主,其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主;建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度,在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時,于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固;建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分,重慶大學碩士學論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增,漳州市區直接經濟損失6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度( 7度)時,漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元,無家可歸人員約40000人,且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關,地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  15. Prior to the portugal lecture, many of her disciples from different countries had come to prepare for her arrival. they found that the people they met in lisbon were open - minded and warmhearted and showed great interest in master s sample booklets and leaflets. when fellow initiates from brazil distributed leaflets in the chilly wind and rain, a passerby came up to talk with them and asked many questions

    講經前,其弟子各國前來協助弘工作,他們發現里斯本的人非常開放熱情,師父的樣書和講經傳單很有興趣,其中來巴西的同修們在寒風刺骨與連綿不絕的雨中遞送傳單時,有路人當街和同修長談細問,更主動帶領同修們到大學城去發傳單,一路上極其熱心的為我們介紹地鐵人潮的聚集點。
  16. Article 7 leading members of local authorities, departments and units may not revise the statistical data provided by statistics institutions and statisticians in accordance with the provisions of this law and the rules governing statistical work ; if they find any error in data computation or in data sources, they shall instruct the statistics institutions and statisticians and other persons concerned to make verification and corrections

    第七條各地方、各部門、各單的領導人統計機構和統計人員依照本和統計制度提供的統計資料,不得行修改;如果發現數據計算或者來源有錯誤,應當提出,統計機構、統計人員和有關人員核實訂正。
  17. Considering the transfer of arbitration clauses may happen under various circumstances, including the transfer under the parties " will, such as arbitration clauses transferring along with the assignment of contracts, as well as the transfer under law, such as arbitration clauses transferring along with succession. since different kinds of transfer have their own specialties, it is difficult to analyze and conclude all the transfer in one article. therefore, focusing on the assignment of international commercial contracts, the article explores the theoretical foundation and practical meaning of the transfer of international commercial arbitration clauses while discussing corresponding issues in regard of the present status in china

    仲裁條款的轉讓包括多種情況,既有在合同轉讓等情況下當事人主進行的轉讓,也有在代繼承等情況下的定轉讓,於不同情況下的轉讓各有特色,本文難以? ?加以分析和概括,所以僅針國際商事合同轉讓情況下,合同中包含的國際商事仲裁條款是否隨之轉讓進行探討,論證其理論基礎和實踐意義,並結合我國的現狀,相關問題進行論述。
  18. His knowledge of languages, the respect shown him by the french, the good - nature with which he gave away anything he was asked for he received the allowance of three roubles a week, given to officers among the prisoners, the strength he showed in driving nails into the wall, the gentleness of his behaviour to his companions, and his capacitywhich seemed to him mysteriousof sitting stockstill doing nothing and plunged in thought, all made him seem to the soldiers a rather mysterious creature of a higher order. the very peculiarities that in the society he had previously lived in had been a source of embarrassment, if not of annoyancehis strength, his disdain for the comforts of life, his absent - mindedness, his good - naturehere among these men gave him the prestige almost of a hero. and pierre felt that their view of him brought its duties

    皮埃爾己的語言知識,國人他表示的尊敬,於他的耿直,於他別人向他提出的任何要求都是有求必應他每星期可以領到三個盧布的軍官津貼費於他的力氣他表演給士兵們看他用手把一根鐵針按進棚子裏面的墻壁上,於他同伴們的態度是那樣和藹可親,於他那種看起來什麼事情都不想和一動也不動的靜坐的本領,他在士兵們的心目中是一個神秘莫測的有高級本領的人物,正是於這樣一些原故,正於他的這些特性,他在以往他生活的那個上流社會中即使他無害,也令他感到拘束,可是在這里,在這些人中間,他力大無比他蔑視舒適安逸的生活他一切都漫不經心他單純這一切使他獲得了近乎是一英雄的地
  19. It is also possible to recover portions of the image which have been tampered. experiments on real images verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. ( 3 ) since the current self - embedding watermarking techniques are too fragile to resist noise or jpeg compression, we proposed a self - embedding method based on jpeg images which plays an important role in current internet environment

    ( 3 )於現有的空域嵌入水印演算大多數是圖圖像嵌入水印,在抗jpeg壓縮方面顯得過于脆弱,因此本文實現了一種直接jpeg圖像進行嵌入的數字水印演算,具有檢測篡改及修復功能,于當今網路時代來講具有重要意義。
  20. Locating with cell _ id based on ms : this kind of system can be called ms - autonomous - locating system or forward - link locating system in gsm network. the locating process is the ms working out it ' s geometry location comparing with several base stations ( their location is fixed ) based on received signal from them, then calculating the location by some kind of algorithms. therefore the user of the ms could master himself ' s location information

    基於移動臺的cell _ id定:這類系統也稱為移動臺系統,在蜂窩網路中也叫做前向鏈路定系統。其定過程是移動臺根據接收到的多個已知置發射機發射信號攜帶的某種與移動臺置有關的特徵信息來確定其與各發射機之間的幾何置關系,再根據有關演算置進行定估計,移動臺用戶掌握其身的置信息。
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