自由經營經濟 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zìyóujīngyíngjīngjì]
自由經營經濟 英文
free-enterprise economy
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 營 : Ⅰ動詞1 （謀求） seek 2 （經營; 管理） operate; run; manage Ⅱ名詞1 （軍隊駐扎的地方） camp; barrac...
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  • 經營 : manage; operate; run; engage in
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  1. The apbf institution has business ability and policy information advantages in censoring, so the loan policy may have " inductive effect " on commercial financial organs ; ( 3 ) agriculture and rural economy are confronted with many puzzles and challenges, and the poor - quality condition of our agriculture has not changed for a long time. it can be explained that we have not made full use of our economic and financial instruments and that the scarcity of finances has been in such a high level. combined with policy and financing, apbf is the most suitable choice for government to protect agriculture ; ( 4 ) developing apbf is in need of deepening of the reform of financial system

    究其原因，外部在於農村經濟體制改革滯后、農村金融體制改革反復不定、對農業扶持和保護的力度不夠；內部在於制度上的缺陷所致：一是缺乏管理和運營的法律制度；二是在於對農業政策性金融的經營成果的計算和組織管理比較困難；三是由於農業政策性金融要代替商業金融對存在外部性的農業進行投資，這種業務在中國本來就是商業金融盡力迴避的困難工作；四是特殊的政策性制度設計導致農業政策性金融信貸資產風險大；五是自主經營權落實不夠。
  2. And then, thesis explicates the reasons of the difference from five aspects including natural resource, area conditions, labor conditions, technical conditions and industry structure. furthermore, the thesis points out that the sustainable utilization of natural resource, the adjustment of labor structure, improvement of labor qualities, the employment of advanced science and technology and reasonable industry structure are critical to the improvement of rural economy ' s integral, power and comprehensive competition. at last, this thesis puts forwards a series of policies and countermeasures, such as accelerating urbanization of villages of villages to develop increasing pole, enchanting agricultural, industrialization to strengthen the industry foundation, improving the help and development policies to the poor to strengthen the district economic cooperation and the coordination effect by decreasing the limits of the poor, and so on, which can encourage each area display its advantage and supply what the other needs and make the rural economy coordinated and commonly flourishing

    根據分析結果將11個市劃分為省內發達區域、中等發達區域和不發達區域三種類型，將138個縣（市）劃分為由高到低七個等級；對差異產生的原因從自然資源、區位條件、勞動力條件、技術條件、產業結構等五個方面進行了系統探討；並從更深層次上指出，土地等自然資源的可持續利用，勞動力構成優化、素質提高，先進科學技術的適用，產業結構的合理布局等對農村經濟的整體實力和綜合競爭力的提高起決定性的作用；最後，在河北省農村經濟協調發展的角度，提出了「因地制宜，揚長避短；優勢互補，共同發展」的指導思想和「鼓勵先進，鞭策后勁；區域聯動，全面協調」的基本原則，並進一步提出了加大小城建設? ?培養增長極，推進農業產業化經營? ?強化產業基礎，改善扶貧開發政策? ?降低后勁制約以及加強區域經濟聯合? ?增強協調效應等綜合措施。
  3. Due to its flexibility, the lrt system can be designed to match both the physical environment and transport demands as well as to provide an alternative choice with quality service. all these factors have contributed to the phasing - out of the old streetcar systems. beginning in the mid - 1970s, light rail transit systems have enjoyed a period of sustained growth, not only providing public transportation but also contributing to the renewal of declining city districts, reutilizing unused rail lines, and providing impetus to local economic development

    使得有軌電車自1970年代中期，以輕軌運輸的新風貌漸漸復興，不僅擔負公共運輸功能，更常結合老市區都市更新、舊鐵道再利用、促進經濟再發展的聯合開發計畫，吸引民間投資參與建設，透過由街道面進出的低月臺車站、無欄柵式收費制度、造型流線超低底盤車輛、軌道沿線綠化設施等設計，在都市環境改善與都市永續經營上，充分發揮凈化、綠化、人性化、地標化等效益，發展至今估計全世界輕軌運輸系統路網數目已達約400個左右。
  4. The country year to year the fixed quantity supply, the temple which has not prepared for the self - management economy, has provided the stable economical safeguard ; nobility ' s providing for, believes audiences ' donating, enables the temple economical influence by weak and is strong, even becomes the resistance royal government, an imperial authority huge influence

    國家的常年定額供應，給自營經濟未備的寺院，提供了穩定的經濟保障；王公貴族的供養，信眾的捐助，使寺院經濟勢力得以由弱而強，甚至成為對抗朝廷、皇權的一股巨大的勢力。
  5. The higashi - osaka municipal small and medium sized enterprises promotion association hspa is at the center of operations with creation core higashi osaka as its base. the sub - cluster managers market specialists and cluster manager are the key players of the program in assisting innovative companies with product and market development. the program is organized under a partnership with the neo cluster project, the driving force behind the kansai front runner project the ministry of economy, trade and industrys industrial cluster project, and in cooperation with governmental institutions such as the kansai bureau of economy, trade, and industry and the osaka prefectural government, the business academia collaboration coordinators of the 13 universities that occupy the creation core higashi osaka facilities, jetro, government financial institutions, commercial banks, public testing laboratories, higashi - osaka chamber of commerce and industry, and the product and market development research society organized by various businesses

    以creation core東大阪為活動據點，東大阪市中小企業振興會成辦事務局，重新配置專家，以開拓銷路負責人和製造業推進事業經理人為核心，以經營戰略積極的擁有獨自技術和擁有市場佔有率特性產品的企業為中心，與經濟產業省的產業集群計劃關西領先窗口企劃的推動組織企業推進共同體合作，組建了由近畿經濟產業局，大阪府等行政關系機關， creation core東大阪內的13所大學的產學合作中介人， jetro ，政府系金融機關，民間金融機關，公營考試機關，東大阪工商會議所，商社等支援，合作機關組成的新產品開發，新市場開拓研究會。
  6. The reform of the service of the logistics in colleges is vital to ensuring the smooth process of the educational reform. the direction of the reform is to realize the socialization of the logistics, namely, to afford the logistics service to the school, to improve the condition of running the school and the condition of life, relying on social power and translate social resources. simultaneously, the present logistics department of colleges should be transformed from closure to opening and become the economic entity of industrialization and socialization which can independently manage itself, assume sole responsibility for its profits or losses, self - develop and self restrict so as to form the system of guarantee and service with the omnidirectional sustain, enterprise managing and market operating

    高校後勤服務工作的改革，對于保證教育改革的順利進行極為重要，改革的方向是實現後勤社會化，就是要依託社會力量和調動社會資源，為學校提供後勤服務，改善辦學條件和生活條件，同時使現有校內後勤部門由封閉走向開放，轉化為自主經營、自負盈虧、自我發展、自我約束的產業化、社會化的經濟實體，從而形成全方位支持、企業化管理、市場化運作的後勤保障系統和服務體系。
  7. In the system of the national ownership, every trivia of state - owned corporations, during the era of planned economy, was in the charge of the nation, whereas, itself was put into a state of being in lack of rights, benefits and responsibilities, in that, it was, at most an individual workshop of the big factory of the nation ; in this state, obviously, the state - owned corporations were in deficiency of developing power, which resulted in low output

    在計劃經濟時代的國家所有權制度下，受「父愛主義」的關懷，國有企業的一切經營均由國家承包，其自身處于無權利、無利益也無責任的狀態之中，充其量不過是「國家這個大工廠中的一個個小車間而已」 。這種狀況下的國有企業發展動力不足，效益低下。
  8. Farmers cannot get the good seed which has high yield, high quality, high resistance. as socialist market economy is tending toward perfection, especially 《 plant new variety protection 》, 《 seed law 》 those polities are coming on, and foreign large seed companies are joining in after china enter wto in fear of the coming of our country ’ s agriculture protection period. therefore, the general adoption of the market principle of china ’ s seed industry speed up, and the challenge between seed companies become hot

    傳統種子業是由自給自足的非商品化產業過渡到計劃經濟體制下政府壟斷性的行業，此時期，新品種及配套的新技術得不到很好的應用，行業市場集中程度很低，農民（用戶）很大程度上得不到高產、優質、高抗的良種，隨著社會主義市場經濟的不斷完善成熟，特別是《植物新品種保護條例》 、 《種子法》等政策、法規的相繼出臺實施，更為重要的是中國加入wto后對我國農業保護期限的即將到來，國外種業巨頭伺機紛紛進入，加速了中國種子產業的市場化進程，種業企業的競爭日益加劇，同時為中國種子產業的規模化、產業化經營帶來了更多的機遇。
  9. At present. ngos in our country have initially formed a scale after long - term development, its special features are emerging and roes of functions perfecting. however, due to the various reasons in reality, ngos characteristics have yet to be fully demonstrated, such as development scale, functional structure non - government non - profit, willingness, self - government, organization and public welfare. its functions are also yet to be fully exercised in the government network featured with three - angle in one government organization 、 market organization and social self - regulation organization, and its role is also ambiguous. this essay exerts synthetically the fundamental tenets of public management, statistics, government economics, politics and related subjects, analyses comprehensively the ambiguity of ngos role definition, and puts forward pertinently the measures of role transformation by concrete ways of case analyses, history analyses and ecology analyses. this essay can be divided into three : part i : analysising the concepts of ngos. rearranging the related theory about

    但現實中，由於多種原因，我國非政府組織的發展規模、功能結構以及其非政府性、非營利性、志願性、自治性、組織性和公益性等特徵還體現得不夠，在政府組織、市場組織和社會自治組織三位一體的治理網路中的功能還很欠缺，其角色定位存在很大的模糊性本文綜合運用公共管理學、統計學、政府經濟學、政治學等相關學科的基本原理和方法，通過個案分析、歷史分析、生態分析等具體方法對我國非政府組織角色定位的模糊性現狀進行全面深入地分析，並且有針對性地提出角色轉換的措施。
  10. During and after song dynasty, as traffic and resources and other factors limit the economy development, xingdan economy, which was composed of mobile small retailers and craftsmen and men of carrying a load with a pole, became an chief feature for regional economy development, and in course of transferring from traditional agricultural economy to modern industrial economy, it has been playing an important role

    自宋代以來，金衢地區由於交通和資源等因素的限制，以肩挑和流動經營為特徵的各種小商販、小手工業者和挑夫群體形成的行擔經濟成為整個金衢地區經濟發展的主要特徵，並且在傳統農業經濟向現代化工業經濟轉換中，行擔經濟也扮演著重要作用。
  11. Little is known about how to control anpsp due to lack of the related theory and practical experience. especially there is no satisfactory measure to reduce the runoff and leaching of n and p from agriculture into rivers and lakes. it ' s very significant in both theory and realism to reduce agricultural non - point source pollution and protect our ecological environment for realizing the harmonious development of resource, environment and agriculture in china

    農業面源污染是困擾我國社會、經濟持續發展的一個嚴重的環境問題，主要是由於農業面源污染具有量大面廣、分散的特點，並受自然條件突發性、偶然性和隨機性的制約，現階段我們對農業面源污染情況的了解程度遠遠不如點源污染，還缺乏整治的相關理論基礎和實踐經驗，減少污染物尤其是氮、磷營養的排放具有相當大的難度，因此控制農業面源污染、保護和優化生態環境對實現我國資源、環境和農業協調發展有重要的理論和現實意義。
  12. With the restraint of our economic developing level, many enterprises in china have n ' t the ability to compete with foreign large transnational companies. some group enterprises ca n ' t establish their market fame because they lack of effective systematic management. while transnational companies widen the gap of abilities in scale, technology, product and marketing between china and world advanced level by strategic alliance and integrated marketing

    現階段受經濟發展水平的限制，我國許多企業的實力較弱，暫時不具備與國外的大型跨國公司直接抗爭的能力，一些大的集團公司在市場營銷方面由於缺乏系統性的有效管理，市場營銷往往表現為方式和手段凌亂，競爭力不強；集團內企業各自為戰，傳遞給消費者的「聲音」不一致，很難樹立起集團公司的市場知名度。
  13. First, it analyses the human capital characteristics of managers, and establishes the assessment invest system for the managers " human capital value, selecting indexes from three aspects, i. e. it describes the ways of assessment ; it probes into managers " human nature characteristics and proposes a new human nature hypothesis for managers, i. e. " economy human - self - realization human " hypothesis. introducing the information of human capital value of managers and output in reward contract designing, it expands the normal principle - agent model and comes to some useful conclusions. it analyses the relation of spirituality incentive and self - fulfillment ; because in realism the game of owners and managers is multi - phases and managers take on many tasks, introducing comparative performance information and comparativ e human capital value information, it expands static single - task principle - agent model to dynamic multi - tasks model

    分析了經營者人力資本特性，並從三個方面即顯質評價、潛質評價、情景模擬測試選取指標，建立了經營者人力資本價值評價指標體系，並對評價方法進行了描述；探討了經營者的人性特點，提出了針對經營者階層的新的人性假設，即「經濟人? ?自我實現人」假設，在報酬契約設計中引入經營者人力資本價值信息與產出信息，拓展了標準的委託? ?代理模型，得出了一些有益的結論，並進一步分析了精神性激勵與經營者自我實現的關系；由於現實中所有者和經營者的博弈往往是多階段，且經營者擔負著多項任務，因此，本文引入相對業績比較信息和相對人力資本價值比較信息，將靜態的單任務委託? ?代理模型拓展到動態多任務的情況，考慮了經營者生產性努力和自身人力資本投資努力這兩種努力成本之間的相互作用，研究了企業所有者對經營者這兩種努力的激勵問題，得出了一些有益的結論；對比美國經營者報酬結構分析現階段我國經營者報酬結構存在的問題，提出了我國企業經營者報酬結構改革的對策建議。
  14. Along with the development of the information industry and economic globalization, the quality rises to the new concept of the management quantity, excellent performance mode, building up on the foundation of the totle quality managing, has become a new state of the international quality management. the chinese business enterprise faces the opportunity and challenges that wto bring, needing fetch in the quality management mode urgently to raising the international competition ability. so our country promulgated the gb / t 19580 - 2004 < excellent performance assessment principle >, gb / z 19579 - 2004 < excellent performance assessment principle practice guide > on sep. 2004, according to malcolm baldrige national quality award ( mbnqa ) of american and combining the actual circumstance of the native quality management, used for the quality prize judge and organize self - assessment. it symbolize the quality management of our country come into a new stage

    隨著信息產業和經濟全球化的發展，質量上升到經營質量的新概念，建立在全面質量管理基礎上卓越績效模式成為國際質量管理的新境界。中國企業面臨wto帶來的機遇和挑戰，急需引進先進的質量管理模式，提高國際競爭力。由此，我國參照美國波多里奇獎的評價模式，結合國內質量管理的實際情況，於2004年9月頒布了gb / t19580 - 2004 《卓越績效評價準則》 、 gb / z19579 - 2004 《卓越績效評價準則實施指南》 ，用於質量獎評審和組織自我評價。
  15. The yaos grow paddy rice and maise as the main crops and simultaneously cultivated such economic forest as china fir, bamboo and oil - tea camelia

    由於居住的地方自然條件不同，瑤族的社會經濟發展極不平衡。大部分從事農業生產，兼營林副業，以自給自足的自然經濟為主。
  16. Part iii : the author analyses the modes of separating and combi - nating from fairness, right, result, safety, cost and so on, using the glass - steagall act and financial services modernization act of 1999 including their favourite operating modes. in this part, the author refute the grounds for separating, so as to advocate a policy of combinating

    該部分以美國《格拉斯? ?斯蒂格爾法》 、 《金融服務現代化法》及其各自確立的分業體制、混業體制為主線，運用法律的經濟分析和經濟的法律分析方法，對分業經營理由進行駁斥、反思，旨在主張混業體制；第四部分：根據中國的實情對銀行經營體制的未來取向加以設想和思考。
  17. According to relevant laws in our country, private firms refer to those profit economic organizations based on hiring labors which are invested or taken hold by natural persons, mainly including the sole ownership, partnership and company

    根據我國有關法律的規定，私營企業是指由自然人投資設立或由自然人控股，以雇傭勞動為基礎的營利性經濟組織，主要包括獨資、合夥和公司制企業三種類型。
  18. As a result, the latter makes up the former in many ways such as employment, national output and tax income etc. however, private enterprises have suffered discrimination in many aspects, which have done great harm to the development of these enterprises and make the institutions of them deviate from standardization

    然而，由於社會歷史以及意識形態的作用，民營企業自誕生之日起就遭受諸多歧視，這些歧視現象在妨礙民營企業正常發展的同時，也使民營企業自身各項制度的建設偏離科學化和規范化軌道，為日後的健康發展埋下了隱患，與民營企業的經濟貢獻更是嚴重不符。
  19. From 1970 ' s, the international banking experienced a climax of financial innovation, in which a mass of new financial business were created as a result of the change of international economy and finance, the business scope of commercial banks was enlarged by a long way, and the mix - industry management has become a globality current. the step of business innovation in china ' s banking is slow

    自上個世紀70年代以來，由於受國際經濟、金融環境變化的影響，國際銀行業經歷了一個金融創新的高潮，大量的金融新業務被創造出來，商業銀行的業務范圍得到了極大拓展，銀行業的混業經營已成為一種全球性的發展趨勢。
  20. In the process of setting the modern enterprise system, the business have already turned into the independent economic entity which operates autonomously, assumes sole responsibility for it ' s own profit and loss, self - constraints and self - development, the financial target of the firm have also turned from the accomplishment it ' s mission to the maximization the value of the firm

    在建立現代企業制度的過程中，企業在體制上轉變為自主經營、自負盈虧、自我約束、自我發展的獨立的經濟實體，其財務目標也由過去的"完成任務"到企業價值最大化，由於市場經濟是一種資金約束型經濟，企業的發展主要取決于能否獲得穩定的資金來源。
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