自由處理成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zìyóuchǔlǐchéngběn]
自由處理成本 英文
discretionary costs
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 處 : 處名詞1 （地方） place 2 （方面; 某一點） part; point 3 （機關或機關里一個部門） department; offi...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  1. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  2. Secondly, to consummate the theory of fault to lay a more solid foundation, the article carried a comprehensive and thorough excavation on the coeval historical condition and cultural sources of each theory of fault lack of feelings. third, the article explained that because the theory development and the practice need, taking feelings into the theory of fault is urgency and necessity. at last, the article analyzed the contemporary scholar of criminal law failure in taking feelings into theory of fault, and had pointed out the road bring feelings into theory of fault

    本文首先通過三個層次的分析，表明了傳統罪過理論的不足之處，以及情感因素在傳統罪過理論分析中的尷尬處境;並對各個歷史形態的罪過理論的形成及其情感因素缺失的歷史條件和思想文化淵源進行了比較全面和深入的挖掘，以探源把脈，以能為進一步完善罪過理論奠定一個比較堅實的認識基礎;然後，說明了由於理論的發展和實踐的需要，罪過理論中納入情感因素的迫切性和必要性;最後，文章具體分析了當代刑法學者為將情感因素納入罪過理論所做努力之所以失敗的原因，進而提出了筆者自己對這一理論問題的解決方案。
  3. The chapter two looks back the related all kinds of theories and law regulations from the beginning of appearance of forged endorsement with the result of two bill law systems coming into being, and it discusses general principle and exceptive regulations in handling forged endorsement, at the same time it also attaches importance on the conciliation of rules such as international note and bill pact of the united nation

    第二章回望了自偽造背書現象出現至今，有關的各種理論學說及法律規制；世界各國在處理該問題上由統一到分歧，直至兩大票據法體制的最終形成歷程；以及兩大體制在處理偽造背書上各自的一般原則和例外規定；最後介紹《聯合國國際匯票、國際本票公約》對兩者的調和等。
  4. In fact, lukas gained a very important theoretic instinct that there was an analogue between the philosophical development ways of young hegel and young marx, but he couldn ' t exercise correctly the instinct, furthermore took improperly young marxian development of thought and some commentaries abstracted from marx ' s 1844 manuscripts as a reference by which the formation and essence of phenomenology of spirit were evaluated, so drew some confessional or illiberal conclusions

    由於他未能恰當處理自己關于青年黑格爾與青年馬克思在哲學思想發展方式上具有類似性這個重要的理論直覺，不自覺地把青年馬克思的思想發展過程以及《 1844年經濟學哲學手稿》中的某些評論，當作觀察、評判《精神現象學》的形成與本質的參照系，從而不可避免地出現了一些混淆與偏差。
  5. However, in the perspective of postmodernism, with the volatility of instruction and changes of knowledge condition, teachers will become creators and developers with practical wisdom. they will skillfully and wisely deal with instruction affairs, influence students spiritually, and at the same time, pursue self - completeness

    但在後現代思想視野下，由於教學本身的變動不居以及知識狀況的變化，教師將成為擁有實踐智慧的創造者和發展者，在做到靈活機智地處理教學事件的同時，注重對學生進行精神熏陶，並不斷追尋自我完善。
  6. Because cooperative learning which is carried out in groups has its specific feature different from traditional teaching, some aspects such as class " management and organization, coordinating group activities, dealing with relationships among class, group and students, play important part in cooperative learning. this paper also goes further into the problem of teachers " role. based on this, it puts forwards its own views and propositions about the relationship between cooperative learning and other kinds of learning styles, just as a reference for future teaching practice

    由於合作學習課堂具有以小組學習的順利進行來達成教學目標這一有別于傳統教學的特點，因此對課堂的組織與管理，協調各個小組的學習活動，處理好全班? ?小組? ?學生個體之間的關系就顯得尤為重要，為此本文還對教師的角色問題作進一步的探討，在此基礎上本文對課堂合作學習與其它學習方式的關系等問題也提出了自己的見解和主張。
  7. The basic thought of the csapfba algorithm is : the edge routers perform the state management per flow, and the edge routers differentiate between the marked flows and the non - marked flows, and the edge routers insert the relevant information into the packet header by using dynamic packet state ; the core routers divide the output link bandwidth into two parts in the light of the state information of the packet header by using class - based queueing, and the core routers allocate proportionally the bandwidth to the marked flows according to their service profiles and the current network load, and the core routers allocate the bandwidth to the non - marked flows according to the principle of max - min fairness, and the csapfba algorithm can adaptively dynamically adjust the bandwidth allocation between the marked flows and the non - marked flows

    本文在csfq演算法的基礎上，提出了一種核心無狀態的自適應的成比例公平帶寬分配csapfba （ core - statelessadaptiveproportionalfairbandwidthallocation ）演算法。 csapfba演算法的基本思想是：在邊界路由器完成基於每個流的狀態處理，將所有的流分成標記流和非標記流兩種類型，採用dps技術將有關信息編碼進分組頭；在核心路由器根據分組頭中攜帶的狀態信息採用cbq策略，將輸出鏈路帶寬分成兩部分，對標記流根據當前的網路負荷按照服務規格成比例地分配帶寬，對非標記流按照最大最小公平性原則分配帶寬，並且能自適應地動態調整帶寬分配的比例。
  8. Abstract ： facing the problem of environment depravation of human settlement due to humans being out of harmony with environment, the thesis analyzes in detail the urban planning in ancient china from the thought of the harmony between human and environment, so that the city planning nowadays may draw lessons from it

    摘要：面對當今世界由於人與自然的關系不協調而造成的人居環境惡化的問題，本文從中國古代人類處理人與自然關系的哲學思想及發展觀出發，詳細分析了在這種思想影響下的中國古代城市建設與規劃，以對當今城市的規劃與發展做出有意義的借鑒。
  9. The results show this approach is effective when there is massive cloud cover on the remote sense image. wavelet analysis is internationally recognized up to the minute tools for analyzing time - frequency. it is chiefly due to the " adaptive feature " and " mathematical micro - telescope feature "

    小波分析是目前國際上公認的最新時間-頻率分析工具，由於其「自適應性」和「數學顯微鏡性質」而成為許多學科共同關注的焦點，本文利用小波改善傳統數字圖像處理方法，取得了一定效果。
  10. Based on mark line recognition navigation, it becomes a main research direction because it has more merits than other visual navigation methods, such as easy setting up and changing of mark line, low technical cost and so on. meanwhile, it can quickly process the images and has a good performance of real - time control

    標識線導航，由於引導路徑的設置和變更相對容易、技術成本和費用低，並且與其它視覺方法如三維視覺識別技術相比，圖像的處理速度快，控制實時性較好，因而成為自動引導車導航的一個主要發展方向。
  11. In display - based word - processing equipment, the automatic disposition of aprintable line of text onto two or more display lines necessitated by the horizontal limits of the display

    在基於顯示的字處理設備中，由於顯示器水平寬度的限制，將一行可顯示的文本行自動處置（排列）成兩行或更多的顯示行。
  12. This research project, based on the existing problems in mathematics curriculum evaluation and the conceptions of mathematics curriculum as the guideline, systematically analyzes the basic characteristics of the developmental evaluation, i. e. multi - dimensional, formative, developmental, understanding and inspiring. drawing on the modern mathematics conceptions, multi - intelligence theory and theories of constructivism, this project systemically illustrated the connotation of the developmental evaluation : the key of evaluation is for application ; the goal is multi - dimensional ; the process is context - dependent ; the outcome is to promote the development. in view of the conceptions of developmental evaluation ( i. e. human - centered whole evaluation ; quality - focused overall evaluation ; participation - stressed autonomous evaluation ; future - faced evaluation ; guiding evaluation and inspiring evaluation ), the components of the developmental evaluation model in the new mathematics curriculum is analyzed in details in this project ( i. e. goal system, subject system and object system ) and the core structure of the developmental evaluation is established ( i. e. evaluation indicator system model )

    本課題研究以數學課程評價的現存問題為著手點，以數學課程理念為目標指向，系統分析了數學新課程發展性評價的多元性、形成性、發展性、理解性、激勵性等基本特徵;以現代數學觀、多元智力理論、建構主義理論以及成功智力理論為理論背景，系統闡述了數學新課程發展性評價之意蘊?評價核心聚焦應用，評價目標指向多元，評價過程依存情境，評價結果歸依發展;以數學新課程發展性評價理念，即以人為本的全體性評價、注重素質的全面性評價、注重參與的自主性評價、促進完善的引導性評價、不斷進取的激勵性評價、面向未來的期望性評價為航標，深入剖析了數學新課程發展性評價模式的構成成分，即目標系統、主體系統和客體系統，由此構建發展性評價模式的核心圖式?評價指標體系的模式:以數學新課程發展性評價過程為參照，尋求並創設評價準則的設計技術，評價權重的構造技術，評價信息的收集技術，評價結果的分析與處理技術;以數學新課程評價系統內蘊的一般認識論、發生認識論與發展認識論指導評價方法，詳細探討了檔案袋法、表現性評價、自我評價與同伴評定相結合的方法、蘇格拉底式研討評定和測驗法在評價中的應用。
  13. The application field of the robots has expanded into too many domains, from automatic assembly in the factory to nuclear power plants, space, deep sea and etc. on the one hand, when a complex task is too sophisticated to be completed by a single robot, the cooperation and coordination of more than two robots are needed to be adopted ; on the other hand, people hope to enhance the working efficiency through the cooperation and coordination of the multi - robot, furthermore, when the surrounding in which robot works changes or there are something wrong in the system, the multi - robot can complete the scheduled tasks through the coordination and cooperation among them

    從自動化的裝配工作到深海作業乃至核工業的故障處理、太空中操作任務都迫切需要機器人進入角色。一方面，由於任務復雜性，在單機器人難以完成任務時，人們需要通過多機器人之間的協調與合作來完成，另一方面，人們也希望通過多機器人間的協調與合作，來提高機器人系統在作業過程中的效率，進而當機器人工作環境發生變化或系統局部發生故障時，多機器人之間仍可通過本身具有的協調與合作關系完成預定的任務。
  14. In the thesis the discussion as following : in chapter one, the research expounds idea and design method of the fiber optic smart layer, information processing method of self - diagnosing function is discussed. then raise the key question about integration of optic fiber smart structure

    本文從以下幾個方面展開:第一章闡述了光纖智能結構的思想及設計方法、探討了實現自診斷功能的信息處理方法，由此引出了光纖智能結構的集成化問題。
  15. The method for jamming evaluation in this dissertation is achieved after sar imaging by data processing, and it is objectively and apace. so this study has a high value for sar jamming technique, atr ( automatic target recognizing ), etc

    由於本文提出的干擾效能評估方法可以在sar成像后通過圖像數據處理實現，並具有客觀性、快速性等特點，該項研究對sar干擾技術、目標自動識別技術研究等都具有應用價值。
  16. The main work of the thesis is as follows : we design a novel omni - mirror more applicable in robocup, which is made up of an isomeric horizontal mirror and an isomeric vertical mirror and can make the resolution of the imaging of the objects near the robot on the field constant and make the distortion of the imaging of the objects far from the robot small in vertical direction ; we select a 1394 digital color camera and complete the development of its software program for data acquisition ; we design a image processing algorithm for the panoramic image, which can segment the image by color, extract the features of image fast and effectively and complete the recognization of target ; according the character of the imaging, we design a new fast hough transform algorithm for line detection, which can detect the white mark lines of the field realtimely, and then design a robot ’ s self - localization method based the mark lines, which only uses the information of omni - vision system ; finally we design a monte carlo localization method based on the information of omni - vision system and odometry, and present the localization results of two localization methods and analyze the experiment results and get the conclusions

    本論文的主要工作如下:設計了一種新的更適用於機器人足球賽的全向反射鏡面，該鏡面由水平等比鏡面和垂直等比鏡面組合而成，能夠使機器人近處一定范圍內水平場地上的物體成像解析度不變，遠處物體成像高度上變形較小;選擇了一款基於1394介面的數字攝像機，並完成其數據採集程序開發;針對全景圖像設計了圖像處理演算法，能夠快速有效的實現圖像顏色分割和圖像特徵提取，完成目標識別;根據全景圖像的成像特性，設計了一種新的用於直線檢測的快速hough變換演算法，能夠實時的提取出場地的白色標志線，並在此基礎上設計了完全利用全向視覺信息的基於標志線的機器人自定位方法;最後設計了一種基於全向視覺信息和里程計信息的montecarlo定位方法，給出兩種方法的定位結果，並分析實驗結果，給出結論。
  17. Although sewage treatment is provided as a public service, it involves substantial operating costs. that s why the government has implemented the polluter pays principle to fund the ongoing operation and maintenance of all sewage treatment in hong kong, including the harbour area treatment scheme

    雖然污水處理設施是由政府提供的公共服務，但由於營運成本高昂，因此政府落實污染者自付原則，為全港的污水處理設施（包括凈化海港計劃）提供恆常性的營運和保養的開支。
  18. 2 repair is predominantly provided in terms of quality warranty. free repair or exchange of parts is delivered when the parts or assemble are damaged owning to quality damaged items are recalled by service staff for purpose of improving and analyzing quality. any refusal of returning damaged items is regarded as customers waiver of warranty claim by aosif

    質量保修本著以修為主的原則，對于因產品質量問題造成零部件或總成損壞，採取免費修復或免費更換相應零部件的辦法處理損壞件由服務人員收回作質量改進分析用，顧客拒絕退還損壞件，則奧斯福公司將視為顧客自動放棄質量保修要求。
  19. The main contents of the thesis are shown as follows : presenting fundamental theories of statistic pattern recognition, discussing rgb ( red, green, blue ) color space, ohta color space, hsi ( hue, saturation, intensity ) color space and its converted color space, materials consistency in gray scale and the application in removing foreign bodies in tobacco flows, hence presenting recognition pattern based on " unit recognition ", designing sample machine for this purpose, which consists of material - providing system, optic system, image - grabbing system, real - time intelligent image - processing system and systems of automatically rejecting foreign bodies and self - diagnosis, analyzing and optimizing hard wares, offering concrete designs such as optic system and air - ejector driver circuit, presenting and realizing physical ram

    本文的主要內容有：統計模式識別基礎理論及它們在煙草異物識別中的應用；討論了rgb （ red 、 green 、 blue ）基礎顏色空間、 ohta顏色空間、 hsi （ hue色調， saturation飽和度， intensity亮度）顏色空間及其變換空間、物料圖像紋理、灰度均勻性等在煙草異物識別中的應用，並在此基礎上提出了"基於判別單元顏色統計特性"的煙草在線異物識別模型，設計並研製了煙草在線異物實時識別與自動剔除系統原理樣機，它由供料系統、光學系統、圖像數據採集系統、實時智能圖像處理系統、異物自動剔除系統以及自診斷系統等組成。
  20. The optimization design of portal crane luffing system is the result that optimization design apply in engineering design, but because the engineering problem is complicated, the traditional optimization design method is not very successful. in this paper, the optimization of the single boom system with compensating pulley and level - balancing weight is studied. in the math model, the wire rope length encircled in the pulley and reel is considered, that enhance the optimization precision and introduce genetic algorithms, combine engineering tightly, that settle the difficult in the traditional optimization successfully

    門機變幅系統優化設計是將優化設計方法應用於工程設計中的產物，但由於設計工程問題的復雜性，採用傳統的優化設計方法優化的成功率及效果並不理想。本文以單臂架變幅機構導向滑輪補償系統和杠桿? ?活對重臂架自重平衡系統的獨立模型及綜合模型為研究對象，考慮了滑輪和捲筒處包繞的鋼絲繩長度變化，從而提高了優化模型的精度，同時引進一種新型優化演算法? ?遺傳演算法，緊密結合工程實際，較為圓滿的解決優化過程中存在的問題。
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