自由選擇行為 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zìyóuxuǎnzháihángwéi]
自由選擇行為 英文
act of free choice
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  • 選擇 : select; choose; opt; election; choice; culling; alternative
  • 行為 : action; behaviour; conduct; deed
  1. From 24th august of 2001 to 8th april of 2002, gala ( malus cv. gala ) and golden ( m. cv. golden delicious ), stored with three different models of cold storage, air condition and ultro - lower oxygen, were kindly provided in different sale time by inter - profession technique center of fruit and vegetable of france. the fruits were cut into three parts of the skin, pulp and core according to the human edible habit. the apple polyphenolics in the skin and pulp were determined by thiolysis hplc and unthiolysis hplc in institut national de la recherche agronomique, laboratoire de recherches cidricoles

    為建立能全面測定蘋果果實多酚的hplc方法，同時為蘋果營養標簽的制定提供不同銷售時期蘋果多酚含量的依據，指導貯藏方式和時期的選擇，明確的消費信息，自2001年8月24日至2002年5月15日，由法國果蔬跨行業技術中心提供普通冷藏、氣調和超低氧方式下，不同銷售時期的嘎拉（ malus ， cv . gala ）和金冠（ m . cv . goldendelicious ）為試材，根據蘋果食用習慣將果實分為果皮、果肉和果心二部分，利用硫解hplc和非硫解hplc定量分析世界主栽品種金冠和嘎拉果皮和果肉多酚物質含量，並對不同貯藏方式下和同一貯藏方式下的不同商業貯藏時期多酚物質含量作了比較。
  2. Disigning coolant channel on the firebox of liquid rocket engine to loxodrome ( equal - angle helix ) groove can improve firebox coolant capability greatly. because the width dimension of loxodrome groove is narrow and the depth is deep, some machining methods are incapable, such as end - milling or electrochemistry. according to the peculiarities, a cnc disk - cutter - milling method which is composed of five motion axes with four simultaneously interpolated ones is researched. because most firebox generatrix is composed of complex curves, it is very difficult to get cnc cutting program with manual means. in order to deal with the problem, the loxodrome mathematics model is studied, and an auto - programming software system is developed. the software system can generate cnc cutting program of loxodrome on many kinds of turned surface. the constriction - distension segment of firebox is the most representative workpiece. the sharp changing of its generatrix slope makes loxodrome milling difficult. with the theory analyzing and practice cutting experiment, some applied techniques, which include milling mode and direction, choosing cutter diameter and cutting start point setting, are developed. adopting the technology above, tens regular workpiece have been manufacturing. the two - year manufacture practice has confirmed the validity and feasibility of developed loxodrome coolant channel milling method. the developed technology is also worth to be referenced to other similar workpiece

    將液體火箭發動機燃燒室的冷卻通道設計為斜航線（等傾角螺旋線）槽形，可以大幅度改善燃燒室的冷卻性能.斜航線冷卻槽的槽寬尺寸較小而槽深尺寸較大，所以無法使用棒銑刀銑削、電化學等加工方式.針對這些特點，提出了五軸控制、四軸聯動的數控片銑刀銑削加工方法.由於燃燒室外表面的母線輪廓復雜，手工編制數控加工程序難度大.為了解決數控加工程序的編制問題，研究了斜航線的數學模型，開發了自動編程軟體系統.使用該系統，可以生成多種母線輪廓回轉體外表面上的斜航線數控加工程序.燃燒室收斂-擴張段的母線斜率變化大，加工難度大，是斜航線冷卻通道加工的最典型工件.經過理論分析和實際切削實驗，研究了針對該類型工件的片銑刀直徑選擇、銑削方式和方向、刀具調整和起刀點的設置等多項實際的加工方案.採用上述的一系列技術，已經成功地加工了數十個合格工件.經過兩年多的實際生產過程應用，驗證了所開發的斜航線冷卻通道加工方法的正確性和可行性.這些加工技術的研製成功，對其他相似類型零件的加工亦具有參考意義
  3. The government and the banking circles hope to raise the efficiency of the housing financing regime, improve the banks " asset quality and to diversify the risk, so as to promote the development of real. it is necessary and workable to applying the mortgage - backed securities to propel housing innovation, although what we are should be attention to the necessary mortgage environment and it ' s policy are not completely fostered

    由銀行等機構作為項目發起人，首先要分析自身對抵押貸款證券化的融資要求，然後通過對現有信貸資產進行清理、估算和核查，選擇一定數量的房地產抵押貸款作為證券化目標，並從資產負債表中剝離出來，將這些資產匯集組建資產池（即資產組合） ，作為證券化的基礎資產； （ 2 ）出售貸款組合，即「真實出售」 。
  4. The equation including the nonlinear dispersion, i. e. the modified nonlinear schrodinger ( mnls ) equation, is a better model. in this thesis, we take mnls solitons as a model for femtosecond soltions. then based on the recently developed direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, we study the raman self - frequency shift of femtosecond solitons and its suppression by the means of frequency filters. for this purpose, first, we define the physical parameters of mnls solitons ; next, through the direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, under adiabatic approximation, we obtain the evolving parameters of mnls soliton on our questions and then choose the parameters of frequency filters based on it ; at last, we directly numerically simulated our questions by split - step fourier ( ssf ) method after improving the arithmetic of the differentiation of the nonlinear item for satisfying mnls equation

    本論文以mnls孤子作為光纖飛秒孤子的模型，通過新近建立的mnls孤子直接微擾理論，研究光纖中由拉曼效應引起的飛秒孤子在傳輸中的自頻移，以及通過頻率濾波對自頻移的抑制。為此，首先給出描述mnls孤子的各物理量，然後用mnls孤子直接微擾理論，解析地得到這些問題絕熱近似下的孤子參數演化，並由此選擇頻率濾波的參數，最後用分步傅里葉方法，在對非線性項微商的演算法做出了適合於mnls孤子的改善後，對拉曼效應及頻率濾波進行了直接數值模擬，其中頻率濾波參數用微擾理論確定。
  5. The conclusions are : under the case of monopoly, the enterprise has the ability to delay the investment, thus it can take the advantages of option value brought by uncertainty to select the optimal timing of investment in each phrase flexibly ; under the case of competition, enterprise will select the optimal investment timing by comparing the tradeoff between the benefits of option value and the strategic lost of competitor ' s preemption, because preemption of competitor will reduce the ability of enterprise to delay investment comparing with the case of monopoly, the enterprise usually invests early, hi the meantime, by comparing the outcomes of investment cooperation in the r & d phrase with that of competition, we can conclude that r & d investment cooperation is pareto dominant strategy, since enterprise can fully take advantage of the option value brought by uncertainty, and thus enhance the flexibility of decision - making

    得到的結論是：在壟斷情形下，企業具有延遲投資的能力，因而企業可以充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，在創新投資的各階段根據不確定性信息的獲得靈活地選擇最優的投資時機；在競爭情形下，企業延遲投資的能力受到局限，由於害怕競爭對手的佔先，企業為了獲得佔先效應，會考慮競爭對手的行為對自己的影響，通過在不確定性所帶來的期權價值與競爭對手的行為所帶來的戰略價值之間進行權衡，來選武漢理工大學博士學位論文擇最優的投資時機。與壟斷情形相比，一般企業會提早投資。同時通過分析說明，競爭企業間通過在創新投資的研究與開發階段進行合作，可以使兩家企業充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，增強決策的柔性，結論說明，合作創新投資是兩家企業的帕累托占優策略。
  6. If changed to the ' supplying - logistics ', which means the price is based on the ex - factory price or the ex - warehouse price but getting rid of the transportation costs, and the transportation means can be chosen by the buyers, the efficiency of the logistics will be improved a lot so as to reduce the logistic cost

    改為實施「供貨物流」 ，即按出廠價格或物流中心出庫價格計價，而將運輸費用剝離出來，交由買方自行支配，選擇不同的運輸方式，將大大提高物流效率，降低物流成本。
  7. Design, supply, delivery, installation, commissioning, maintenance of hardware, software and related services for the implementation of the automated passenger clearance system and automated vehicle clearance system at new control points for the immigration department supply of 13 000 reams of woodfree printing paper, white, 100 gsm, 635x889 mm, long grain to the printing division of government logistics department from date of acceptance to fulfillment of contractual obligations supply of single - ply and multi - ply continuous stationery to the government logistics department as a 12 - month contract from date of acceptance, with an option for the government to extend for further 12 months supply of hard cover books to the government logistics department as a 12 - month contract from date of acceptance, with an option for the government to extend for further 12 months supply and installation of chromatograph - tandem mass spectrometer system for agriculture, fisheries and conservation department from date of acceptance to fulfillment of contractual obligations

    承投為入境事務處于新管制站推行旅客自助出入境檢查系統和車輛（司機）自助出入境檢查系統供應硬體和軟體，包括設計、送貨、安裝、試機、保養及有關服務為政府物流服務署印務科供應13000令100克平方米635x889毫米白色長紋道林紙（書紙） ，由發出接納書當日至履行合約訂明的責任為止為政府物流服務署供應單層及多層連續的文具紙張，合約由發出接納書日期開始，為期12個月，政府可選擇再延長12個月為政府物流服務署供應精裝書籍，合約由發出接納書日期開始，為期12個月，政府可選擇再延長12個月為漁農自然護理署供應和安裝色譜- -串聯質譜儀，由發出接納書當日至履行合約訂明的責任為止
  8. It s still very easy for me to be influence by others and go astray from my principles when i m in a crowd of people. my heart is not very solid yet. so repentance is to trim away some of your expectation, trim away some of your desires, and trim away bit by bit the things stored up in your heart

    不過我知道，在修行還未到家之前，待在家裡確實是個比較安全的選擇，因為當我和一大堆人在一起時，的確很容易受到他人的影響，而失去自己的原則，我的心還不夠堅定，所以需要藉由懺悔，一點一滴將心裏浮華不實的慾望喜好除去。
  9. Realizing that we will not become an instant expert, we sometimes opt to cop out [ 2 ] and not even make an attempt to be or try something new

    由於意識到自己不能馬上成為行家裡手，有時我們就選擇了臨陣逃脫，甚至連試一下新事物都不願意。
  10. Enterprise or business system of allowance of unit medical treatment raises fund standard : with the unit the on - the - job worker and retiree number the sum, capture with insurance premium of primary medical treatment expends base, establish extraction scale to be 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 %, the standard of 6 class of 6 %, can choose by unit proper motion among them allowance of a medical treatment raises fund class

    企事業單位醫療補助制度籌資標準：以單位在職職工和退休人員人數之和、以基本醫療保險費的繳費基數，設立提取比例為1 % 、 2 % 、 3 % 、 4 % 、 5 % 、 6 %的六個檔次的標準，可由單位自行選擇其中一個醫療補助籌資檔次。
  11. So important is this process that the degree to which the market or government directs the economy represents a key way in which the world ' s nations define themselves, select their allies, and designate their enemies

    此一過程的是如此重要，使得一國是由市場或政府導引經濟行為的程度，乃是該國自我界定、選擇盟友與定義敵人的關鍵。
  12. You are always welcome to provide more support by choosing to round up your statement balance to the nearest $ 10, and let the difference automatically go to the council

    假如你希望為協會多出一分力，你可選擇由東亞銀行為你把每月月結單的總結欠金額自動上調至最接近之
  13. In this research the theory of unintended consequence of middle range theory in sociology was adopted to analyze the phenomenon that the rich benefits from the project while the poor not. the willingness of resettled household and intervention of the government are the two key characters in the voluntary resettlement project. so the theory of social capital and the strategy of economical development will be used to explain the behaviors of household and government and then summarize the causes of unintended consequence

    在這樣的一個整體理論框架的指導下，從自願性移民中的自願性和政府干預性兩個方面分別討論出現未預結局的原因：用社會資本理論來分析基於自願性選擇上的農戶行為的特點，得出貧困農戶本身在人力資本和物質資本缺乏的條件下，由於社會資本的不足而得不到足夠的社會網路的支持，不能實現移民或不能達到移民的預期效果；而富裕的農戶卻能在人力資本、物質資本以及由此決定的社會資本的支持下能夠進行移民。
  14. In 1970 ' s earned value concept ( it is called " evc " for short ) was developed successfully by american. first evc was used in the field of national defence and became successful, then it was applied in other industrial fields as a method of project management

    由於贏得值原理在實際應用中的成功，國際工程承包業的一些業主出於其自身利益的考慮，在選擇工程公司時，把能否運用贏得值原理進行項目管理和控製作為資格審查和能否中標的先決條件之一。
  15. With the development of personnel system reform in chinese public institution, the teachers - engagement system in university come to reality. as well known, the foundation of teachers - engagement system bases on scientific teacher assessment. unfourtunately, the current assessment theory of university teachers is obviously unable to explain or solve those problems occurred in university teacher assessment. thus reforming on current university teacher assessment system and raising human resources management skills of university become more and more urgent. there are two popular teacher assessment theories at present, one is teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment, another, another is developmental assessment of teacher, the two kinds of assessment theories both have their own drawbacks : teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment pays over attention to the function of choice and appraisal, this can be found easily in lately universities of china, such as " survival of the fittest ", " reward best and punish worst ", " eliminate the lasf ' and so on ; although developmental assessment of teacher declares to promote teachers - efficiency under no pressure of reward or punishment, it lacks of operation ability and needs to spend lots of time and resources, thus it is very hard use in real situation

    目前在教育領域流行的教師評價主流是獎懲性教師評價（總結性教師評價）和發展性教師評價，但這兩種教師評價體系都或多或少的有各自的弊端：獎懲性教師評價過于偏重鑒定選擇功能，近幾年在我國高校教師評價中經常用到的「優勝劣汰」 ， 「獎優罰劣」 ， 「末位淘汰」 ， 「能者上、庸者下」等等，都充分反映出我國教師評價中以獎懲為目的的鑒定選擇功能發揮到了極致；而近年引入國內的發展性教師評價理論雖然標榜是一種不以獎懲為目的而是在沒有獎懲的條件下促進教師的專業發展，從而實現學校的發展目標的評價體系，但由於其可操作性不強，在發源地英國和美國的實施情況卻並不如意? ?需要耗費大量的資源和時間而難以真正貫徹落實。
  16. In the latter case, the insurance premium will be bundled with the mortgage principal and repayment of the premium will form part of the monthly instalment to be paid by the borrowers to the approved sellers over the term of the mortgage

    借款人可選擇自行支付保險費，或由核準賣方代為墊支。若選擇墊支，保險費將與按揭貸款本金相加，由借款人根據按揭貸款期每月攤還。
  17. First, the current optical system construction ' s optimization algorithms are based on the just optical system ' s preliminary construction which designers have selected. optical system program can not automatically change the optical elements ' nember. so that optical system design ' s intelligentized degree is not high. now this paper applies the genetic algorithms to lens design and shows that the genetic algorithms can effectively work in automatically changing the optical elements ' nember. next, this pape present a new computer design method that applies the genetic - simulated annealing algorithms to directly design the binary optical element

    首先，由於現有的光學系統結構設計的優化演算法都是在選定了初始光學結構的基礎上，只對光學結構參數進行優化選擇，在優化過程中不能夠自動改變光學面數，導致光學系統設計的智能化程度還不是很高，採用遺傳演算法，實現了光學面的自動增減；其次，區別于傳統的二元光學設計方法，為避免其量化臺階數過大導致的成本及加工復雜度的增加，提出了運用混合優化策略遺傳-模擬退火演算法直接設計二元光學元件的新的計算機方法。
  18. The origin of the fund - management stimulating problem is that the standard of rational agent ’ s activities is utility maximum. but, in the reality, the fund investor and the fund administrator are a kind of consignation and there is information asymmetry. the fund investor ( principle ) wants to make the fund administrator ( agent ) act according to the benefits of the former, but the investor ca n ' t observe the investment activity of the administrator directly and in time. he can only observe other variables which are decided by the administrator ’ s activity and other outside uncertain factors

    基金激勵問題產生的根源在於理性人的行動都以自身效用或利益最大化為標準，但在現實中，基金投資者與基金管理者是一種委託代理關系且兩者之間存在著信息不對稱，基金投資者（委託人）想使基金管理人（代理人）按照前者的利益選擇行動，但投資者不能直接及時地觀察管理人的投資行動，他能觀察到的只是另一些指標變量，這些變量由管理人的行動和其他外生隨機因素共同決定。
  19. Because of the information asymmetry between fundholders and fund managers, and on the premise of limited rationality and opportunism of each sides, fund managers ( agent ) ' s behavior will in many situations conflicts with the utility of fundholders, thus producing the agency problems under the structure of investment funds. the specific agency problems of investment funds may include : inefficient investing allocation arising from the adverse selection, and self - dealing, expense - shifting, related transactions, unreasonable risks, and herding behavior deriving from the moral hazard of fund managers

    基金代理問題的主要類型有：由逆向選擇而引起的投資資源的分配無效率以及由基金管理人道德風險而產生的自易行為（ self - dealing ） 、費用轉移（ expense - shifting ） 、關聯交易（ relatedtransactions ） 、投資風險扭曲（ unreasonablerisks ）與從眾行為（ herding ） 。
  20. Since concrete situation of every state nation divergence, statue problem and the means of settlement problem in the progress of securities business internationalization are also are widely divergent, in order to be convenient for the comparing, the writer divide all countries to two types, mature securities marketplace country and fresh securities marketplace country in all countries base on whether a country has integrated negotiable securities law system when start securities business internationalization. moreover compared this two types of countries by legislate and supervises mode selection of securities business internationalization, sum up the most effective supervision mode securities business internationalization is that base on the government supervises ( with the legislate means ) and self - discipline management assistant. for the sake of speeds up the internationalize in our country negotiable securities marketplace, it is indispensability to design to our country negotiable securities statue system reformation

    由於各國具體情況的差異，在證券市場國際化進程中所面臨的法律問題以及解決問題的方法也大相徑庭，為了便於比較，筆者以一國在推行證券市場國際化時是否具有完善的證券法律體系為依據，將所有國家劃分為成熟證券市場國家和新興證券市場國家，並以各國證券市場國際化的立法以及監管模式的選擇為考察對象對這兩類國家作了比較研究，總結出以政府監管（以立法方式）為基礎，自律管理為輔助的證券監管體系是當前應對證券市場國際化最有效的監管模式。
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