范圍經濟 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fànwéijīngjì]
范圍經濟 英文
economies of scope
  • 范 : 名詞1 [書面語] （模子） pattern; mould; matrix 2 （模範; 榜樣） model; example 3 （范圍） boundar...
  • 圍 : Ⅰ動詞1 （四周攔擋起來 使裡外不通; 環繞） enclose; surround; corral 2 （繞; 裹） wrap Ⅱ名詞1 （四...
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 范圍 : scope; limits; extent; boundary; confines; range; range dimension; spectrum
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  1. Next, evaluation of cooperative and related theories has been made in social and historical origin, effect and the influence and development, and pointed out : cooperative is resulted from the combination between fair need and marketing system ; cooperative can not achieve the society objectives that the utopian socialism person sought ; nowadays economy productivity makes the cooperative one kind of available form of organization for the weak power colony for seeking the economic interest possesses extensively

    從成本最小化與交易費用的角度出發，人們選擇合作經濟組織形式的實質是合作社所做的作業比合作成員個別完成更能節省生產成本和交易成本，並從中分享規模經濟和范圍經濟的利益。 3合作經濟的所有制形式以合作經濟理論述評和合作經濟質的分析為基礎，本章探討合作經濟的所有制性質與形式。第一，生產資料全部屬勞動者個人所有的形式。
  2. Collectivized operation possess scope economy and scale economy, meanwhile, systemic risk can spread among subsidiary companies which would endanger financial system greatly than the bankrupt of a single financial institution

    它運用規模經濟和范圍經濟優勢，通過對內部資源進行分類、整合、策劃和調配，節約了成本，實現了資源利用的優化配置。
  3. Lowballing strategy and non - audit services : the test of knowledge reciprocal spillover ’ s existence. 2. does the scale of accounting firm influence the order of non - audit services : compare the knowledge reciprocal spillover in “ big eight ” and “ the non - big eight ”

    范圍經濟表現在兩個方面:一是知識溢出，是指兩種或多種不同服務間因信息共用和資格共享所帶來的成本節約。
  4. In the first place, the chapter defined and classified corporation ; in the second place, the chapter discussed its academic foundation from manage - cooperation effect theory, scope economy theory, finance cooperation effect theory, verification management theory, value underestimation theory, transactional cost theory, manager expanding theory and company competition strategy theory ; in the end, the chapter showed the function the corporation conglomerate merger

    這一章首先對企業混合併購下了一個定義並加以分類；然後從管理協同效應理論、范圍經濟理論、財務協同效應理論、多樣化經營理論、價值低估理論、交易費用理論、經理擴張理論、企業競爭戰略理論等角度分別論述了企業混合併購的理論基礎；最後從產業結構優化和企業發展的角度，論述了企業混合併購的作用。
  5. They had based on the natural monopoly theory. the second chapter reviews the traditional theory of natural monopoly in the frame of classical economics, from economics of scales, economics of scopes and to subadditivity of cost, including the extension of “ marshall puzzle ” and “ theory of contestable markets ”

    我們把這一體系內的自然壟斷理論稱為傳統自然壟斷理論，主要經歷了規模經濟理論、范圍經濟理論以及成本次可加性理論，當然目前這一領域內還延伸出了馬歇爾困境以及有效競爭理論等研究前沿。
  6. The second is that monopoly produces some positive effects : as static efficiency to say, there are four mechanisms, namely economies of scale, economies of scope, internalization of externalities and learning effect, which optimize the allocation of resources. monopoly advantages decrease of transaction cost. some extent monopoly has benefits to technology innovation and human capital accumulation

    其次，壟斷具有正的效應：從靜態效率來看，壟斷存在四種優化資源配置的機制（規模經濟機制、范圍經濟機制、外部性內化機制和學習效應機制） ；壟斷有利於機會成本的降低，從而可以提高社會經濟活動的效率；從動態效率來看，一定程度的壟斷有利於技術進步和人力資本的積累，因而是動態有效的。
  7. The main contributions of this dissertation are listed as the followings : l ) deducing and proving the " three in one " theory of natural monopoly, that is, from the angles of economies of scale, economies of scope and economies of network, giving an explanation of natural monopoly ; 2 ) putting forward the concept of " strict superadditivity " and proving that total value function and total revenue function of network economy have strict superadditivity ; 3 ) summarizing the emerging characteristics in the market definition of natural monopoly, that is, in the monopoly industry, " market " tends to be more and more smaller than " industry " ; 4 ) expounding that the objective patterns of regulatory reforms of the railway industry in china are explicit regulation with partly characteristics of implicit regulation ; 5 ) proving the idea that the structural reforms of the railway industry in china should be hierarchical ; 6 ) demonstrating the theoretical bases for whether infrastructure management should be separated from transpo rt operation ; 7 ) expounding and proving that the interior of the railway industry in china should implement the differential property rights reform pattern

    本文的研究特點在於： （ 1 ）在規模經濟、范圍經濟的基礎上進一步推導並證明了網路經濟與自然壟斷的關系，即自然壟斷可以從規模經濟、范圍經濟、網路經濟三個角度來解釋論述； （ 2 ）明確提出了一個與鮑莫爾、潘澤與威利格等人提出的「成本劣加性」相類似的概念? ?價值優加性，並證明了網路經濟的總價值函數和總收益函數具有嚴格優加性； （ 3 ）概括了自然壟斷市場界定中所出現的新特徵，即在壟斷產業中， 「市場」正越來越小於「產業」 ； （ 4 ）進一步論證了中國鐵路產業規制創新的目標模式是兼有部分內生規制特點的外生規制； （ 5 ）在中國鐵路產業的結構改革中應體現分層次的思想； （ 6 ）明確論述了內容提要鐵路路網公司等自然壟斷環節是否分割的理論基礎; （ 7 ）提出並進一步證明了中國鐵路產業內部應實行差異化的產權改革模式。
  8. As a kind of market structures, natural monopoly has been studied for a long time. in the thought of economics, ideologists researched natural monopoly on the natural characters. as the evolution of economics, new classical economics has been grown for three stages in natural monopoly, and they are economics of scales, economics of scopes and subadditivity of costs in turn

    自然壟斷作為一種市場結構，其理論已經得到了極大的重視和長足發展，從早期經濟思想史上的自然條件決定論到新古典經濟學范圍內的傳統自然壟斷理論，在後者范圍內，又經歷了從規模經濟到范圍經濟，再發展到高度抽象的成本次可加性理論。
  9. We made a study on outsourcing, and point out that the strategy of outsourcing can help the enterprise put all its resources into the development of core competence. with outsourcing, the enterprise can predigest the organization, increase the flexibility of the organization, and gain the scale, scope and speed economics, we develop a model of outsourcing strategy : the core business - specificity model, and provide a management method of outsourcing, and at last, we make a discussion on the application of outsourcing in our country

    本文對資源外包進行了研究，指出資源外包能使企業專注于核心能力的培養，精簡組織，提高組織的柔性，還可以獲得規模經濟、范圍經濟和速度經濟，提出了外包決策的核心業務? ?資產專用性模型和外包的管理思路，最後對國內企業應用資源外包進行了戰略性探討。
  10. Part one analyses the market structure of china ' s newspaper industry through the angles of market concentration, scale economy and scope economy, and barriers of access and exit. part two discusses the institutional innovation and the workable competition of china ' s newspaper industry on the basis of the analysis of the relationship of its economic features and politic features. part three expounds the overall cost leadership strategy, the differentiation strategy, the focus strategy, and the innovation strategy of china ' s newspaper industry

    第一部分主要從市場集中、進入與退出障礙、規模經濟和范圍經濟等角度，分析中國報業的市場結構；第二部分從論述報業的經濟屬性和政治屬性的關系出發，討論報業的制度創新和有效競爭；第三部分主要從成本領先戰略、差異化戰略、集中戰略、創新戰略等方面闡述中國報業的競爭戰略。
  11. With the ocean petroleum company together established the chinese ocean asphalt company. this pulls to move the super - speed development of the petrochemical industry of the enterprise, and result of the united the tianjin petrochemical to pull to move the development of the chlorine - alkali chemical device with the development of the fine chemical device. the economic advantage of the enterprise " s scale is more obvious, this turn out of the own scope - economies, and big scale of scope economies among the enterprise again established

    與中國海洋石油公司聯合成立了中海瀝青公司，拉動了企業石化行業的高速發展，與天津石化的聯合帶動了氯堿和精細化工，企業規模經濟的優勢更加明顯，同時也是跳出了自身范圍經濟的圈子，形成了企業之間的大規模的范圍經濟。
  12. The author starts with definitions, sector and economic features, the social and economic significance of public utilities and their regulation, and generally analyzes the structure, function and history of public utility regulation

    它首先從介紹和分析公用事業的定義、范圍、經濟學特徵、管制的定義、管制的基本特徵、管制的結構要素、管制法律制度的功能和公用事業管制歷史演進諸方面入手進行了一般性的理論分析。
  13. Commercial banks " intermediary business reflects the level of commercial banks " management so, the economy of scope gives an evidence for commercial banks " intermediary business " development

    中間業務的開展程度是商業銀行業務范圍的縮影。因此，對商業銀行范圍經濟狀態的衡量，可以對商業銀行中間業務的作用作一個評價。
  14. After analysis, the result comes out : because the four big is strong in its scope of economy, they have tremendous space for intermediary business. the capability comes from their big sales network and other factors

    通過對我國商業銀行范圍經濟狀態的實證分析，得出以下結論：四大國有商業銀行范圍經濟性較強，而十家股份制商業銀行的范圍經濟性較弱。
  15. Secondly, pressures for changes from the wider economy

    第二，來自范圍經濟變革的壓力。
  16. While confirming the opinions of the economists at home and abroad about the theoretical research of the cause of formation of enterprise group, the paper points out the limitation of the opinions, that research the cause of formation from the different angles of economics of scale, scope and speed, the collective effect and the decrease of transaction cost

    本文在充分肯定國內外學者關于企業集團成因理論研究成果的同時，指出了目前從規模經濟性、范圍經濟性、速度經濟性、集合效應性以及交易費用節省等角度分析企業集團成因的局限性。
  17. Fhc has the superiority of scale and scope economy effects

    金融控股公司擁有規模經濟效應和范圍經濟效應。
  18. This paper shall focus and dwell on this topic. to begin with, this paper employs economic theories of scale economy and scope economy to analyze issues of scale and scope in developing schools directly under the ministry of education, and thereby closely examine the scale of these schools case - by - case. it concludes that, under the current situation, these schools should reap the optimal benefits possible in terras of scale and scope

    本文首先運用經濟學中的規模經濟與范圍經濟理論，分析教育部直屬高校辦學規模的規模經濟與范圍經濟問題，並據此理論實證分析各類教育部直屬高校辦學規模，得出：在當前形勢下，教育部直屬高校辦學規模可以發揮最佳規模效益和范圍效益，即大多數教育部直屬高校還有擴大辦學規模的空間。
  19. Secondly, this paper reviews the effects of bank m & a, which include both positive and negative ones. the positive effects mainly include appreciation effect and diversion effect. the former is reflected on scale economy and scope economy, while the latter is embodied on divers

    接著對銀行業並購的效應進行了分析，指出銀行業並購既有正面效應，也有負面效應，正面效應主要包括增值效應和轉移效應，而增值效應又表現在規模經濟和范圍經濟效益上，轉移效應表現為資本市場價值轉移和稅收轉移；負面效應主要表現在：過分壟斷可能損害消費者的利益，超大規模帶來的經營風險，金融監管難度加大以及大幅度裁員問題。
  20. Comparative advantages of universal banking include economies of scope and risk diversification ; comparative disadvantages include risk contagion and conflicts of interest

    混業經營體制的比較成本優勢在於范圍經濟效應和風險分散效應，比較成本劣勢在於利益沖突和風險傳遞。
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