表觀載荷 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biǎoguānzǎihé]
表觀載荷 英文
apparent load
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 載 : 載Ⅰ名詞（年） year : 一年半載 six to twelve months; six months to a year; 三年五載 three to five ...
  • 荷 : 荷名詞（蓮） lotus
  • 載荷 : load; loading載荷變化 load fluctuation; variation in load; 載荷裝置 load device
  1. By using 5000kn pressure - bent testing machine, the specimens of boulder concrete and crushed stone concrete were tested through three - point - bending method and wedge - split tensile method, the scale division of the index dial of pressure - bent testing machine is larger, whereas the predicted test - load is lesser, so the velocity of exerted load is controlled through observing the reading of the multimeter which is connected with the collecting systerm in order to continuously exert test - load

    本文使用5000kn壓彎實驗機，對不同強度等級的卵石混凝土和碎石混凝土試件分別進行了三點彎曲試驗和楔入劈拉試驗。試驗過程中，由於實驗機噸位較大，而試驗荷載預計較小，為了能夠有效地控制加載大小和加載速度，採用通過觀察與荷載傳感器相連的萬用表讀數控制加載速度的方法，連續加載。
  2. It consists of two parts : the first part ( chapter 2, 3, 4, 5 ) studies the characteristic of elastic waves and surface waves in orthotropic fluid - saturated porous media using biot ' s theory which is based on the substitutive model. in the second one ( chapter 6 ), a new three - dimensional meso - calculating model, which is more coincided with the inner action mechanism of porous media, is proposed. based on this model, the elastic wave propagation in fluid - saturated porous media under longitudinal impacting is discussed

    論文主要分為兩大部分：第一部分基於替代模型的biot理論，對各向異性介質中平面波以及表面波的傳播特性進行了研究；第二部分從細觀層次出發，提出了一個更加符合含液飽和多孔介質內部作用機理的三維細觀計算模型，並對縱向沖擊載荷作用下液飽和多孔介質中彈性波的傳播規律進行了討論。
  3. The result shows that under the effect of repeated impact load, the stress wave produces reflection in the metallurgical junction plane between coating and basal body, and forms stretch wave causing longitudinal split and angle split of coat ; the microcosmic spot pitting and deep layered peeling off occur in coating surface due to stress concentration ; the energy accumulation of impact loading causes rigidity variation and plastic deformation

    結果表明：在多沖載荷作用下，應力波在塗層和基體的冶金接合面發生反射，形成拉伸波造成塗層的縱裂和角裂；在塗層表面由於應力集中，塗層表面發生微觀點蝕和深層剝落；沖擊載荷能量的積累，造成塗層試樣硬度變化和塑性變形。
  4. The prototype observation shows that because settlement of soil is larger than that of piles, " arch effect " appears in the embankment so that its weight is gradually transferred from the soil to piles and pile - soil stress ratio increases

    現場原型觀測表明，樁間土的沉降量大於樁頂的沉降量，填土中出現拱效應，填土荷載逐漸從樁問土向樁頂轉移，樁土應力比逐漸增加。
  5. Presents the investigation of the heat conduction behavior, internal thermal stress field of specimen under thermal shock and microscopic damage and failure of the tungsten based composites by combination of macroscopic and microscopic analyses and integration of material science and mechanics ; describes a microscopic mechanical model based on the microstructure of components with macroscopic stress applied to the microscopic model as that of maximum principal stress at the center, and the fringe of the specimen, and the microscopic stress fields obtained through calculation by the finite element method, and concludes from test results that the maximum principal stress is first generated inside the test coupon, and a failure will be first initiated in the inclusion if the material fails at this time ; the maximum principal stress moves to the edge of the test coupon after the test coupon is heated for a period of time, and the failure will first be initiated in the base if the material fails at this time

    從材料設計的思想出發，採用宏觀與微觀、材料科學與力學相結合的方法，對鎢基復合材料的熱傳導行為、材料在熱沖擊載荷下的內部熱應力場及材料細觀結構的破壞行為進行了詳細的理論研究.根據鎢基復合材料的細觀組織結構建立了材料細觀模型.在宏觀分析的基礎上，分析了材料微結構內部的破壞行為.分別取試件心部與邊緣主應力值最大點的應力狀態，施加在所建立的模型上，用有限元方法計算了模型內部的彈性應力場.結果表明：試件主應力最大值首先產生在試件內部，此時，如果材料發生破壞將先從夾雜中開始；加熱一段時間后試件中的最大主應力值轉移到試件邊緣，此時材料發生破壞將先從基體中開始
  6. Based on the resolving algorithm of continuous - layer method, the time order analyzing curves, acceleration curves and the response spectra of transfer function at the different points of the ground and at the same point on the different ground conditions are gained. it demonstrates that the responses of ground in x, y and z axial directions all change by time, and the obvious wave propagation appears in ground. for different observing points on the same ground condition, at more distant points from the load line, the less swings are found, that is to say, vibration possesses the obvious characteristic of attenuation

    基於分層法的解析演算法，得到了在不同點以及在同一點但不同地質條件下的時程分析曲線、加速度變化曲線和傳遞函數反應譜，結果表明，地基土在x 、 y 、 z三個方向的響應都是隨時間變化的，並且伴隨有明顯的波動現象產生；對于相同地質條件的不同觀察點，距離荷載作用線越遠的地方振幅越小，即振動具有明顯的衰減性。
  7. The effect of supporting roller ' s hardness and loads on the roller was investigated by the mean of reasonable wear experiment in laboratory, wear mechanisms of supporting roller was researched and observation of their worn surface by scanning electron microscope

    摘要採用試驗室試樣磨損試驗方法，在合理的實驗條件下，考查了支重輪硬度及外加載荷對磨損量的影響，用掃描電鏡觀察試樣磨損表面形貌並分析其磨損機理。
  8. Because interaction between pile - raft foundations and soil is very complex, what ' s more, there are many effect factors, piles and caps ( or rafts ) form a common working system whose bearing capacity and settlement are affected and restricted by interaction between them. the method of computing settlement that code provides is not a pure theoretic method and it is an experiential method in essence. in this paper, based on engineering designs of taiyuan, in - site experiments, observation data of structure settlement and so on, settlement is analyzed and computed by applying mindlin stress formula and using software matlab

    現規范推薦的樁基沉降計算方法，並不是一種純理論的方法，其實質是一種經驗擬合的方法；本文結合太原地區的工程設計、現場試驗、主體沉降觀測資料等，運用明德林（ mindlin ）應力公式，然後按分層總和法原理，採用matlab軟體計算程序進行沉降計算、分析，結果表明：高層建築樁?筏基礎沉降較小，且較均勻，得出了太原地區的樁?筏基礎沉降計算的經驗系數_ p ，從而使設計、計算結果更接近於工程實際，同時考慮筏板對上部結構荷載的分擔是合理的、先進的，對高層建築樁?筏基礎加強了認識。
  9. Firstly, the paper introduces the development and application of computer graphics & image technique, discusses the principle and method of cg and digital image processing, such as matrix of the graphic transformation, homogeneous reference frame, sampling and quantization of the image, file format of the image, template operation, etc. secondly the paper introduces the purpose and method of image enhancement processing, explains the each occasion of those methods such as threshold transformation, smoothing processing, sharpening processing, analyzes and contrasts the processing results of object image. thirdly, the paper introduces the method of mathematics morphologic, edge detection and thinning processing, attains character description of image and character dots of the contour. fourthly, the paper processes the coordinate transformation to character dots and basic splines fitting, imports correlative condition to devise meshing line and meshing track

    本文首先介紹了計算機圖形圖像技術的發展與應用情況，對計算機圖形學和數字圖像處理的一些基本理論和方法如圖形變換矩陣、齊次坐標系、圖像采樣和量化、圖像文件格式、模板操作等內容進行了討論：然後對圖像增強處理的目的和方法進行了介紹，對諸如閥值變換、平滑處理、銳化處理等方法的應用場合進行了說明，並對實物圖像的處理結果進行了分析與比較；接下來介紹了數學形態學方法、對增強后的圖像進行邊緣檢測的方法和圖像的特徵描述方法，並獲取輪廓的特徵點：隨后對獲取的特徵點進行坐標變換，並進行b樣條曲線擬合，引入相關條件生成齒輪副的嚙合線及嚙合軌跡：最後引入等值線和區域填充表示方法，並以等值線和區域填充的形式對弧齒錐齒輪嚙合模擬的載荷分佈情況進行了直觀的表示。
  10. It is found that the great cracks on the coarse surface are initiated easily than on the smooth surface by the sem observation and the crack size obtained at the dynamic indentation experiment is bigger than at the static indentation experiment under the same load. it is showed the single crystal silicon is easier to initiate the crack and fracture under dynamic load, the single crystal silicon ’ s

    然後通過sem觀察單晶硅試件表面壓痕形貌，發現粗糙表面比光滑表面容易生成大裂紋，在相同載荷作用下單晶硅材料在動態壓痕試驗得到的裂紋要大於在靜態壓痕試驗得到的裂紋，表明在動態加載條件下單晶硅材料更容易生成裂紋和破碎。
  11. Using the displacement functions and the technique of double fourier transform, the governing differential equations for transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media are easily solved and, the fourier transformed stress and displacement solutions coorespondingly are obtained. then, under the boundary conditions, the analytical solutions for half - space are presented

    藉助位移函數及雙重fourier變換，研究了直角坐標系下橫觀各向同性飽和土的動力響應問題，得到了飽和半空間體在任意分佈的表面諧振荷載作用下穩態響應的一般解。
  12. Based on the new model, the influences caused by soil structure, apparent preconsolidation pressure, the re - compression index, the coefficient of secondary compression, the magnitude of loading, the coefficient of permeability, the rate of loading, the thickness of clay, the self - weight, the layered property etc, in the process consolidation of soil with structure, are analyzed in detail. the difference between the present model and yin & graham model was also given

    基於本文新建模型，分析論述土結構性、表觀前期固結壓力、再壓縮系數、次固結系數、荷載增量大小、滲透系數、加荷速率、固結層厚度、自重應力隨深度變化和土體成層性等對土固結的影響，比較本文模型與yin & graham模型的異同，闡述土結構性和流變性對軟土固結壓縮行為的影響。
  13. The pmma ' s craze damage is observed on line in different temperature and invariable load, which show that the change pricks up with the increase of time and temperature. with the disposal of the image, we get a changing rule that the change of the sample of pmma ' s surface crazing damage density follow the change of time and stress. then the data from experiment is to match in non - linearity, pmma ' s density of crazing damage changing with time and stress is available

    對pmma在恆定荷載作用下，不同基溫下的pmma銀紋損傷進行了實時在線觀測，結果表明： pmma試件的銀紋隨持荷時間增加，而且隨著溫度的升高，可以加劇這種銀紋隨時間的變化；經圖像處理，得到了不同基溫下、不同應力水平下， pmma試件銀紋損傷面密度值；進而，對所得數據進行非線性擬合，得到pmma試件銀紋損傷密度隨時間演化規律，以及應力水平依賴性； 3
  14. Experimental results indicated that the polypropylene fiber can improve the workability of concrete availably, and can increase the presentation quality of structures with the voids and pits decreased ; the cracks of beam are controlled effectively, the width and length of crack decreased, the dispersibility of crack in beam face improved, and the ductility of beam increased ; and the cracking load of reinforced concrete beam is increased, the amplify up to about 30 %, simultaneity the ultimate bear capacity increased

    試驗研究表明，使用聚丙烯纖維后，能有效改善新拌混凝土的和易性，並能增強混凝土構件的外觀質量，減少構件表面蜂窩、麻面、氣孔、細小裂紋等；同時，在破壞試驗過程中發現梁的裂縫能得到有效控制，裂縫寬度減小，裂縫的發展高度降低，裂縫的條數增加，提高了梁截面的裂縫分散能力，增強了梁中混凝土的韌性；提高了鋼筋混凝土梁的開裂荷載，幅度可達30左右，增強了結構的延性，提高了結構的抗裂性能和屈服荷載。
  15. Uses the high quality special molding manufacture, but becomes by the kneading board and the leg combination ; has the contour artisticly, firm is durable, does not need to maintain and so on the merit ; the kneading board and the inside lining stiffener spreads across, the bearing power optimizes, leg each strengthens processing, the average distributed load ; the surface uses galvanizes or the static electricity spurts models processing, is advantageous for cleanly, is not easy to pollute ; is suitable in various professions, the many kinds of situations, the use scope is extremely broad

    鋼制托盤：採用優質特種型材製造，由面板和支腿組合而成；具有外形美觀、堅固耐用、無須維護等優點；面板與內襯的加強筋縱橫交錯，承重能力更加優化，支腿各面均強化處理，平均分佈載荷；表面採用鍍鋅或靜電噴塑處理，便於清潔、不易污染；適用於各行業，多種場合，使用范圍極廣。
  16. The changes of mfls were mainly induced by magneto - elastic effect with a slight deformation of material, and effected by the micro - flaws caused by disfigurements and dislocations aggregation at highly strained zones. at last, this thesis regards silicon steel and steel 20 as the research object, carries on magnetic domain observing experiments by bitter method. the result shows that changes of domains were induced by stress concentration

    作者還以硅鋼片和20 ~ #鋼為研究對象，利用粉紋法探索性地觀察了樣品應力集中部位的磁疇形貌，結果表明:應力載荷導致了樣品磁疇的變化，在兩種材料應力集中部位的表面都初步觀察到了迷宮形狀為主的磁疇。
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