規定語言學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guīdìngyǔyánxué]
規定語言學 英文
prescriptive linguistics
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 語 : 語動詞[書面語] （告訴） tell; inform
  • 言 : Ⅰ名詞1. （話） speech; word 2. （漢語的一個字） character; word 3. （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（說） say; talk; speak
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 規定 : stipulateprovide
  • 語言學 : linguistics; philology
  • 語言 : language
  1. In physics, conservation laws are analogous to linguistic rules.

    物理學的守恆定律類似於語言學規則。
  2. It was a controversial issue for the linguists and grammarians whether to take a prescriptive or a descriptive attitude towards the study of grammar or language at large

    摘要規定還是描寫曾是西方語言學界特別是語法學家們爭論的一個焦點問題。
  3. There are many problems happened when international phonetic alphabet symbols are used in word - processing like nonstandard application, nonstandard encoding which cause a limitation on sharing and communication of datain teaching and research, for instance ; international phonetic alphabet and symbols contained in ones document cannot be accurately displayed when they are removed to another computer. there appears many nonstandard usage, unnecessary characters, symbols, rules, as well as some wrongly written letters which often delay publication of the papers

    不僅應用上不規范，也不符合相關編碼標準，因而語言文字應用教學和研究相關數據的共享與交流等受到極大的限制。例如：某人采寫的文檔離開了作者的計算機就不能正確顯示或不能顯示國際音標字母和符號。還有以先定義后使用的形式出現了很多不規范的用例，甚至還「誕生」了一些不必要的字元和規則。
  4. In my opinion, the strategy of pera ' s rhetoric of science aims to, through the rhetorical context, save and rebuild the rationality and achieve the inner unity of rational reason and rhetorical persuasion and breaks thoroughly the rigid bounds both between the logical demonstration and the argumentative persuasion and between the static norms and the dynamic exchange evaluation. at the same time, it also provides a way in which some dilemmas such as formal logical presuppositions and irrationalism can be solved, gives the specific strategically psychological direction and much broader room for language creation to bring a fresh motive power for the development of contemporary philosophy of science

    本文認為，佩拉所倡導的科學修辭學戰略的目的在於，通過修辭學語境空間來拯救或重塑理性，以達到理性的「理由」和修辭學的「有理由」的內在統一，從而徹底打破邏輯證明力與論述說服力、靜態規范標準和動態交流評價之間的僵化界限；同時，也為走出形式邏輯的預設和非理性主義困境提供了一條出路，並從科學論述的境遇、選擇、辯護中，給出戰略性的心理定向和更廣闊的語言創造的可能空間，為當代科學哲學的發展注入新的活力。
  5. Because of the precondition in theory discussing and talking is the unification of conception. and the multivocal of language makes we need to give a definitude and embody conception for corresponding action to constitute a accurate action criterion

    由於理論探討與對話的前提在於所採用概念的統一，並且，由於語言的多義性，在法學實踐中也需要對相關行為的概念給出明確而具體的概念用以制定準確的行為規范。
  6. Beginning with the connotation of chinese, the authors analyses the relationship between speech form and speech content, illustrates the ever - changing form should follow its basic rules. comparing with content, the author thinks speech form has the feature of direct perception, the stability and limitation. thus, chinese teaching based on the form is not only in accord with the law of individual perception and psychological development, beneficial to develop the students " perception structure, but also it " s an important principle, the center of chinese teaching, the main foundations to train the students " language ability

    本文澄清了人們對語文學科的幾個基本概念的曲解和誤會，從語文的內涵入手，科學地界定言語形式和言語內容的概念與關系，並從學習個體認知學習的心理發展規律和語文教學自身的內在規律方面尋找理論依據，闡述了言語形式雖是「千變萬化」的，但有其基本規律可循，且此基本規律是「千篇一律」的，與內容相比，具有相對的直觀性、穩定性和有限性，所以，語文教學以言語形式為主，既符合學習個體認知學習的心理發展規律，有助於學生良好的認知結構的構建，遷移學習能力的形成及認知能力的發展；同時，以言語形式為主，又是語文教學的一條重要的客觀規律，它是語文教學規律性運轉的「軸心」 ，是培養學生言語能力的「抓手」 、語感能力形成的源泉、弘揚人文性的依託。
  7. With applying dsst algorithm, mobile agent can solve the problem of selecting router. synthesizing advantages of centralized search engine and distributed search engine, through it that system obtains the best way that agents mobile does. after statistics analysis, the author gets the mathematic pattern that mobil agent clones right times

    利用idl語言定義了agent在多種平臺上移動的介面，設計了一個符合maf規范的插件，實現agent在異種平臺之間的移動；利用動態最小生成樹演算法解決移動agent的路由選擇問題，綜合集中式搜索和分散式搜索的特點，動態尋找出一條agent移動的最佳路線；通過統計分析得到移動agent克隆的數學模型，通過計算可以獲得agent克隆個數的最佳值。
  8. The panel commended the teacher education division for the implementation of honours project and the continued use of external examiner system. the panel also commended the college of international education for the use of english as the sole medium of instruction in its associate degree programme and for its commitment to provide liberal, all - round education to students

    檢討小組稱贊教師教育部規定學生要撰寫畢業論文，並繼續使用校外考試委員制度；又贊賞國際學院使用英語作為副學士課程的唯一授課語言，同時致力為學生提供全人教育。
  9. What needed by founding scientific systems of theories on administrative act and practicing of rule of law of administration and even practicing of rule of law is to make a deeper study of definition of administrative act and define its intension and extension according to principles and the needs of practice of rule of law, and in consideration of customs of chinese language and chinese legal culture and judicial system of organization, and also in application of logic analysis, historic analysis, prescriptive method, descriptive method, semantic analysis, case research and comparative research. through profound and scientific demonstration, the thesis defines administrative act as the act of administration organ, authorized organization and person by law, which have executive power factors, including rechtsgeschaft of administration, geschaftsahnliche handlung of administration, relakt of administration

    本論文從法治原理出發，根據法治實踐的需要，在充分尊重漢語語言的表達習慣及考慮我國的法律文化及司法體制等因素的基礎上，採用歷史考察、語義分析、邏輯分析、比較分析、規范分析與實證分析等方法，經過深入的分析和科學的論證，將行政行為界定為行政機關或法律、法規授權的組織和個人具有行政職權因素的行為，包括行政法律行為、準行政法律行為和行政事實行為。
  10. Benefit from designer experience, expert system regulations are built by c language. through the inference, all fixed logic fault and most multi - line short circuit fault are detected by expert system. on that account, the design process built by c language will be a mode that can be imitated by other intelligent fault diagnosis system

    對于專家系統智能故障診斷技術而言，構建專四川大學碩士學位論文家系統規則庫和設計推理機制是重點，本文採用c語言構建規則庫，然後通過精心設計的專家推理機，從而使得固定邏輯故障和大多數多線橋接故障能夠被專家診斷系統檢測出來。
  11. Facing the information age, the marine environmental information systems should also absorb the article intelligence technology and virtual reality technology to serve as a decision - making support system and export system for the ocean environment study and development. thirdly, based on maplnfo ( gis software ) platform and development languages ( vb and mapbasic ), marine environment information system in luoyuan bay was designed and development, then relied on gps and rs, ocean environment information in luoyuan bay was collected and managed effetely, its aim is to provide a reasonable opinion for decision - maker on how to utilize resources and protect environment in luoyuan bay. lastly, marine environmental quality of aquafanns in luoyuan bay was assessed relied on marine environmental information system and mathematics model ( fuzzy cluster ), and corresponding countermeasures were presented to protect ocean environment in

    本文首先通過對海洋環境信息系統的特點和國內外研究現狀的分析，探討了網路時代海洋環境信息系統的發展趨勢；接著以mapinfo （ gis軟體）為開發平臺，以vb和mapbasic為開發語言，面向管理和決策層，進行羅源灣海洋環境信息系統的設計與開發，並結合遙感（ rs ）和全球定位系統（ gps ）建立模型庫，收集和管理羅源灣海洋環境信息，旨在為羅源灣的海洋建設項目的立項、選址、規劃和海洋污染事故的應急提供決策支持，從而有效地保護羅源灣海洋生態環境；最後運用羅源灣海洋環境信息系統並結合數學模型（模糊聚類）對羅源灣養殖區水環境現狀進行評價，從而使得羅源灣各海水養殖區的水質現狀評價變得生動、形象和直觀，並針對羅源灣海洋污染源狀況和污染現狀，提出了保護羅源灣海洋生態環境相應的對策。
  12. I had had no communication by letter or message with the outer world : school - rules, school - duties, school - habits and notions, and voices, and faces, and phrases, and costumes, and preferences, and antipathies - such was what i knew of existence

    我與外部世界既沒有書信往來，也不通消息。學校的規定任務習慣觀念音容語言服飾好惡，就是我所知道的生活內容。而如今我覺得這很不夠。
  13. Requirements analysis, system frame design, algorithm design, code compile and software test of protection setting verifying and analysis system of sub power system are all accomplished. main research work of this paper is concentrated on three respects : ( 1 ) knowledge expressing of mathematic model and physics model of power system using relation database and object oriented language, ( 2 ) new methods of in - substation topology and net topology analysis based on topology of hierarchical model, ( 3 ) father research of protection coordination considering difference of protection setting verifying and fixing

    論文提出了進行保護定值在線校驗的意義和方法，並按照軟體工程的規范化開發的要求，完成了滄州地區電網保護定值在線校驗分析系統的需求分析、系統框架設計、演算法設計、代碼編寫和軟體測試的大部分工作，主要的研究工作集中在： （ 1 ）利用關系數據庫和面向對象語言對電網進行物理模型和數學模型上的知識表示。
  14. Based on orl, we generate knowledge extract rules by induce learning, by which we realize the dynamic extraction to outer knowledge, and then realize the automatic generation of knowledge item. by this mean, we strengthen the opened - knowledge - integration of system. 3

    本文以orl語言為基礎，通過定義文檔本體並對文檔內容進行解析，歸納學習生成知識提取規則，實現了對文檔知識的自動抽取，並以之為輔助工具，實現了知識項的自動建立，強化了系統的「知識開放性集成」 。
  15. With the help of this program, this paper does research on the moved backwards of the slide surface, lengthening the anchor section, the soil nail ' s total force, gets conclusion about relations between the soil nail ' s length and the slope ' s grade, height, soil ' s mechanical parameter ; relations between soil nail ' s total force and coulomb soil pressure. with the help of the large multiuse finite element program ansys, this paper analyzes the soil nailing in one - step ' s slopes, in two - steps " slopes, puts the emphasis on the axis force ' s distributing along the soil nail at each rows, the effect of both the excavating mode and the original slope figure to the axis force of the soil nail, the one another effect between the upper - step slope and the nether - step slope in the soil nail ' s axis force, gets conclusion about the design of soil nail at the first low, different slope body is the same with different excavating mode, the original slope figure has more effect to some than others because of the slope body, the reasonably design of the step width in two - steps slopes, the two - steps excavating and retaining has more virtue than the one - step ' s. through soil pressure analysis this paper does research on the differences and the links between the coulomb soil pressure theory and the rankin ' s, the vertical pressure at the slope surface when the slope surface is inclined and the retaining wall is rough, the soil pressure ' s distributing behind the panel, gets conclusion about the effect of both the slope body inner stability and the slope surface local stability to the soil pressure

    通過分析比較，論證了對數螺旋線型比圓弧形作為邊坡的假設滑裂面具有較多的工程優點，並為此編制了一個採用極限平衡法分析土釘支護的fortran語言程序，以此作工具對滑裂面的后移、土釘錨固段的超長、土釘總力的大小等方面作了研究，得出了有關土釘的長度與邊坡的坡角、坡高、土體力學參數的關系、土釘總力與庫侖土壓力間的關系等結論；採用大型通用有限元數值分析程序ansys分別對採用土釘支護的一階邊坡、二階邊坡進行分析，重點是研究各排土釘的軸力分佈規律、開挖方式及原始邊坡形態對土釘的軸力的影響、上下階邊坡在土釘軸力方面的相互作用，得出了有關第一排土釘的設計問題、不同類型的土體應適用於特定的開挖方式、原始開挖出的邊坡形態對一些類型坡體的邊坡土釘支護有較大的影響而對另外一些影響不大、二階邊坡臺階寬度的合理確定、二階開挖及支護比一階時具有較多的工程優點等結論；通過土壓力分析對朗肯、庫侖兩種經典土壓力理論的區別與聯系、坡面傾斜及墻背有摩擦時的坡面豎向應力分佈、面板背土壓力的分佈形態作了研究，得出了邊坡支擋土壓力受坡體內部穩定與坡面局部穩定兩個方面的影響、土釘支護面板背土體中卸荷拱的存在對面板受力有利等結論。
  16. This paper carries out a quantificational analysis upon the corpora of the english learners from primary schools to universities, especially middle schools, and makes comparisons in longitude and latitude. we find out from the comparisons that the language items puzzling the students most are : omission / addition of " ~ s " after third person singular verbs, omission / addition of " be ", error of tenses, error of articles, error of preposition collocations, agreement of subjects and verbs, error of singular / plural nouns, error of infinitives, error of part of speeches, error of possessive cases, empty of conjunctions in coordinative sentences, error of spellings ; elementary or intermediate learners ( such as freshmen ) suffer from native language transfer or simplification a lot ; advanced learners ( such as sophomores ) are affected by the overgeneralization of target language ; the error of part of speech or semantic selection ( except conceptual meaning ) runs through all phases, and it is likely to be fossilized

    我們從研究中發現，困擾我國中學英語學習者的語言項目有動詞第三人稱單數s遺漏誤加、 be動詞誤加省、時態錯誤、冠詞錯誤、介詞搭配錯誤、主謂不一致、名詞單復數錯誤、不定式錯誤、詞性混用、所有格錯誤、並列句關聯詞空缺、拼寫錯誤；初、中級階段（大學一年級以前）學習者受母語遷移、目的語規則簡化影響較大；高級（大學二年級及以後）階段的學習者受目的語規則泛化影響較明顯；過渡語水平和學習者的學習階段呈正相關；英語詞性、詞義（概念意義除外）等方面的錯誤貫穿所有學習階段，且易形成「僵化」 。
  17. The main research content of the article is involved as follows : ( 1 ) the research and discussion of the quantitative metallographic analysis methods and the measuring methods of micro hardness. ( 2 ) the application of digital image technique in metallographic image preprocess such as gray level transformation, dichotomy, noise eliminating, dilation and erosion, image enhancement, boundary detection, etc. the application of the wavelet and multi - resolution analysis in metallographic image procession to improve the measuring accuracy and efficiency. the application of the region growth and mathematical morphology in analyzing image parameters to improve the flexibility and exaction

    本文的主要研究內容： （ 1 ）定量金相分析和顯微硬度測量的方法研究； （ 2 ）利用數字圖像處理技術，實現金相圖像的灰度轉換、二值化、噪音消除、膨脹收縮、圖像增強、邊緣提取等預處理；引入小波理論、基於數學形態學的區域生長法對采樣圖像進行分析，實現了對採集圖像邊緣的有效提取，從而提高了測量精度； （ 3 ）開發了金相圖像分析系統的主體結構（硬體結構和軟體結構） ； （ 4 ）採用windows開發平臺的面向對象程序設計語言microsoftvisualc + +進行系統的模塊化設計； （ 5 ）提出了採用多模式的知識表示方法建立知識庫，應用正反推理、模糊數學模型、基於規則的模式匹配模型建立金相分析專家系統。
  18. It becomes more difficult to manage, integrate and share the control system real - time data when we set up the industrial real - time database because of complicated affair between every department and isomeric character of the system. a three - level - structure model and the method to establish database is provided based on corba criterion with its character of being regardless of programming languages, hardware platform and network protocol. a universal real - time database faces multi - system is also set up by learning the distributed criterion, it can realize the request broker, and the application software can visit the database pellucidly ; thus the power station simulation model can be linked with the control system such as infi90, ovation and be made use of the control object, a closed simulation and control experiment system is set up

    在創建工控領域實時數據庫時，企業各部門間的復雜事務及內部異構性給實時數據的管理、集成和共享帶來了一定的困難，根據corba規范具有語言無關性、平臺無關性和網路協議無關性的特點提出基於分散式計算規范corba的三層體系結構模型及建立與維護實時數據庫的方法和途徑；通過corba規范建立面向多個分散控制系統的通用實時數據庫，實現數據訪問代理，使應用軟體可以透明地對實時數據庫進行訪問、存取、管理；將infi90 、 ovation分散控制系統與火電廠模擬機模型進行有效的互連，以全物理過程模擬數學模型為對象，構建了閉環控制模擬實驗研究系統，實現數據的高效連通及管理；進而通過基於corba的實時數據庫構建一個從火電廠模擬機對象到過程式控制制設備再到sis系統的綜合自動化試驗平臺。
  19. For rule - based systems, language experts and linguists in specific languages have to painstakingly craft large lexicons and rules related to grammar, syntax and semantics to generate text in a target language

    這些以規則為基礎的系統，使得特定語言的專家與語言學家必須煞費苦心地編纂大部頭詞匯庫，以及文法、語法、語義的相關規則，以便翻譯成目標語言。
  20. In this branch area of sociolinguistics, researchers aim to find out the relationship between language form and patternings and functions of communication. a central goal is thus to discover and formulate rules for appropriate language use in specific contexts

    研究者試圖通過這一社會語言學分支的研究，發現語言形式同交際模式及功能的關系，中心任務是發現和創立在特定語境中恰當使用語言的規則。
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