規范不變量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guīfànbùbiànliáng]
規范不變量
英文
gauge invariant-
In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis, the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion, and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative. in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects, the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith, and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing. the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world, i. e. the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end, from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f. e. m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test
然後，對巖土工程領域至今尚未解決，甚至不為人注意的考慮地基變形的地基承載力問題進行了實用化的探討，提出了考慮地基變形的地基承載力上程計算方法；對基於彈塑性理論分析的地基承載力國內尚未見報道的空間問題得到了圓形基礎（空間問題）的承載力界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，並與國內外土力學專著及地基基礎設計規范中的條形基礎（平面問題）的界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，進行了對比，從而定量上解釋了目前設計規范引用土力學承載力公式值偏於保守的這一情況；根據本文作者多年從事現場地基工程振動試驗及相關課題的研究工作，本文以截頭錐模型模擬地基，對地基（巖基）承載力的動測法進行了研究，為各類地基（包括巖基） ，匯總了動力分析和檢測川的參數：針對日前巖土工程界應用樁基設計規范中的難點? ?樁端巖基承載力的確定問題，從巖石室內單軸抗壓強度確定、基於彈塑性模型的有限單元法計算、土力學計算及深斤載荷試驗四方面進行了深入討論；本文作者根據多年現場載荷試驗的工程實踐，對深井荷試驗裝置的核心部分? ?反力裝置，設計了側壁支撐反力加載系統，該加載系統具有實用、簡便、穩定及安個等優點。This essay mainly deals with wto ' s rules on governments " activities, local governments " function in the economic development and wto ' s requirement and challenge on local governments. it analyzes 4 aspects of our local governments " admistration that are in disaccord with wto ' s rules through many facts and offers 4 strategies - - - - to quicken the reform on local governments " system and to alter local governments " function ; to adapt more transparent policies, to regulate the administrative process and to make necessary amendments to the executive bodies ; to improve our policies and to perfect the law system so as to support the legal administration ; to improve governments management and to educate a new administration faculty. the analysis offers some guiding ideas to the local governments facing a new wto era
本文概述了wto規則中規范政府行為的主要原則，全面闡述了加入wto后，地方政府在經濟發展中應發揮的作用以及wto規則對地方政府的要求和挑戰，從分析我國地方政府不適應wto規則的四個方面的表現入手，列舉了大量的事實材料，有針對性地提出了地方政府如何適應wto規則要求的四個對策? ?加快地方政府機構改革，實現地方政府職能的徹底轉變：執行透明度制度，規范行政程序，健全行政執行機構；優化政策環境，完善法律體系，為法制行政提供製度保障；提高政府管理能力，培養全新管理人才。A conclusion can be drawn that the land market in the rural area and the urban area in our country are dissevered by the faulty land right system and the binary economic structure engendered due to the history cause. such land institution lead to many problems in the land resource allocation. firstly, the land in the rural area should shift, in order to meet the need of the urbanization, the development of the group enterprise and the change of labor structure in the rural area, but there are obstructions in the legal system, which lead to farmland and construction land shifting illegally
在這種制度安排下導致我國土地資源配置中出現諸多問題：城市化的發展、鄉鎮企業發展以及農村勞動力結構變化都要求農村土地入市，但是法律上卻存在著障礙從而導致農地非法非農化和建設用地自發交易；在不完全的土地產權體系中農村集體和農戶利益受到侵害；國家利益隨著劃撥土地入市而大量流失；在割裂的土地市場制度下土地價格體系也出現城鄉割裂，農村集體土地不論是農用地還是非農用地的價格都未得到科學的界定和規范。By the browser / web server / database structure and the technology of asp. net and xml, we achieve the expert system running on the network, extend the application and ensure its backward compatibility ; we have the deep research to the representation of knowledge and apply it to the system, extend the traditional method of rule based knowledge representation ; introduce the fuzzy sets, analyze the generalized possibility interval sets, and combine the linguistic variables and fuzzy sets ; the system adopts the forward and backward chaining, researches the reasoning under uncertainty and inexact reasoning ; and we depart knowledge base and inference engine, make the upgrade simple and maintenance convenient. in the last, we construct the potato produce manage system according to the phases of potato ' s growth to give a detailed instruct to its produc e
Net和xml技術，實現了網路化的專家系統，同時擴大了專家系統的應用范圍，提高了系統的後向兼容性；對專家系統中的知識表示技術作了深入探討，在傳統的基於規則的知識表示方法的基礎上，提出了基於規則擴展的知識表示方法，並較好地將其應用到本系統中；引入了模糊集合，分析並推導了廣義可能區間集，將其應用於模糊知識的表示，將語言變量和模糊集合結合起來；提出對系統採用互動式知識獲取途徑、雙向推理控制策略，對不精確推理和不確定性推理的傳播演算法作了一定的研究，成功地將其應用到馬鈴薯專家系統的構建之中；採用知識庫和推理機相分離的方法，使得系統升級簡單易行。The ctm is suitable for the case that all e - type influentially uncontrollable subnets are state graphs, and the outstanding virtue is that the designed controller is explicit. the emm is suitable for the case that all f - type influentially uncontrollable subnets are normalized cascade petri nets, and the advantage is that control patterns can be on - line computed within polynomial times
約束變換法適用於所有e -型影響不可控子網為狀態圖這種特殊的場合，用該方法所綜合的控制器最大的優點在於所董利達:浙江大學博士論文獲得的控制器是顯式的;特徵標識法適用於所有凡型影響不可控子網為規范化序狀petri網這種場合，用該方法設計的控制器在線運算工作量是多項式可解的。In order to provide the scientific basis for the good agricultural practice ( gap ) of sichuan bai zhi, rapd was firstly used to analyze the genetic polymorphism of different type from sichuan bai zhi and hangzhou bai zhi. the result showed that different color of petiole has not obvious relationship to whether to bolt or not and different localities have more influences on genetic diversity than different color of petiole
為配合川白芷生產質量管理規范化（ gap ）研究，本文首次採用rapd技術對川白芷生長過程中不同形態的四個類群及杭白芷進行基因組dna多態性分析，認為川白芷葉柄顏色的不同與是否抽薹無明顯的相關性，而產地的差異對遺傳變異的影響大於因其葉柄顏色不同所造成的影響。Based on the pull - out tests data between geogrids and expansive soil / sands arranged by the orthogonal table l9 ( 34 ), the following conclusions are reached : 1 ) the displacement - properties of pullout tests depend on the pullout speed. the law of factors " affecting degree, which influences the parameters between geogrids and soils in the pulling - out procedure, is obtained. with the concept of " equivalent pull - out displacement ( x ) " brought forward, the whole process of pull out tests is divided into two process - " main process ( when x 1. 0 ) " and " residual process ( when x 1. 0 ) ", and three stages - static friction resistance stage, slip friction resistance stage, and residual friction resistance stage
基於正交設計表l9 （ 3 ~ 4 ）分別安排了影響因素與土工格柵膨脹土或砂土界面相互作用參數的拉拔試驗數據，獲悉： 1 ）拉拔試驗位移特性主要取決于影響因素中拉拔速率；通過分析並獲取影響因素對筋土界面相互作用參數的影響程度及其在拉拔試驗過程中的變化規律，提出了當量拉拔位移（ x ）的概念，並據此將拉拔試驗全過程劃分成「主過程（ x 1 . 0 ） 」和「殘余過程（ x 1 . 0 ） 」 ；且將影響因素對拉拔力或摩擦阻力系數的影響程度分成三階段（靜摩擦阻力階段、滑動摩擦阻力階段，殘余摩擦阻力階段） ； 2 ）不同（規范）定義的筋土界面摩擦阻力系數數值相差較大，但影響因素對摩擦阻力系數影響程度及其變化規律不會因不同（規范）定義而受到影響。Transitional feature of the arc and metal droplet in the welding process with steam shielded arc is investigated by means of analysing the waveforms of welding voltage and current under different welding regimes and it is found that there are two types of arc process behavor ? " arc starting - arc blowing out - short - circuiting " and " arc - starting - short - circuiting ". under the condition of constant diameter of welding wire and its feeding speed, the arc process behavor can be changed by adjusting the inductance of welding circuit as well as the voltage of power supply. if arc process behaves as alternative process of " arc starting - arc blowing out - short - circuiting " with minimum time duration of arc blowing out and maximum frequency of short - circuit transition, the welding process will be stable with less spatter and smooth weld bead
通過分析不同焊接規范下的焊接電壓和電流的波形.研究了水蒸氣保護下電弧及熔滴過渡的特點，發現其電弧過程行為有「燃弧?熄弧?短路」和「燃弧?短路」兩種形式.在焊絲直徑和送絲速度一定的情況下，通過調節焊接迴路中的電感量和電源電壓，可以改變電弧的過程行為形式.若電弧過程呈「燃弧?熄弧?短路」交替進行，並且熄弧時間最短時，短路過渡頻率最高，在這種情況下，飛濺小，焊道成型好，焊接過程穩定The novel method of lll ' i. c chromatographic fingerprints, showing much more complete and abundant information in the chromatographs, is applied in the analysis and evaluation of the ap from different sites, and results well
為促進藥材標準的科學、合理，我們在對穿心蓮按照gap規范進行藥材試種的同時，也進行了穿心蓮內酯和脫水穿心蓮內酯不同生長期動態變化的考察，並考察了農藥兒肥料對穿心蓮質量的影響。The high p / e ratio has confused the financial order, has strengthened financial risks, hinder the growth of the real economy, not benefit the forming of correct investment concept, encourage behavior of speculating, cause inefficient distribution full play of function. we can reduce the high p / e ratio, suppress the p / e ratio to increase, by improving the management level, perfecting stock right structure and administration structure of the listed company, strengthening supervision of the listed company, stopping up all sorts of abnormal behavior of the stock market, perfecting the stock market system, trying one ' s best to reduce the government ' s intervention, changing means of the government interfere etc. then the china stock market can get lasting, healthy development
解決好我國股市市盈率過高的現象，可以從以下幾方面著手提高上市公司的經營水平，增強其盈利能力是降低股票市場市盈率的跟本；完善上市公司的股權結構，解決中國上市公司「一股獨大」的問題；要完善上市公司的治理結構，健全董事會制度是核心，發揮監事會職能實現權力制衡，構造適合中國國情的監督機關，對經營者激勵與約束同等重要，強化經營者的激勵和約束，讓利益相關者行動起來；加強監管，堵絕股票市場的種種不規范現象，對莊家的運作強化監管，對其違法違規行為加大懲治力度是促使中國股市持續、穩健發展所採取的必要措施；同時完善股票市場的制度建設，完善的退市機制，盡早推出確實可行的股票價格指數期貨市場；盡量減少政府的干預，轉變干預手段等。Arid an algorithm of parity residuals and the theory of residual vector probability - data fusion are used for detecting the abrupt change failure of srfcs, especially the failure of actuators ' failures and single control surface ' s failures
該系統是按照軟體工程規范，採用等價空間法和殘差向量的概率信息融合法研製和開發的，不僅能對飛行控制系統的突變故障作動器卡死故障和控制舵面損傷故障進行實時檢測和隔離，而且具有良好的用戶界面。But because of the standard, parts manufactured by different companies become interchangeable ; competition for the parts increases, and prices go down
由於統一規范衡量標準條件的存在，不同公司製造的0部件變的可以通用，於是此類0部件市場的競爭增強了，從而使其報價價格回落。By a lot of trial and error, a new - type lightweight fireproofing board is developed. the test results indicate this production has obvious characteristics such as high temperature resistant, moistproofing, low distortion, and fireproofing limitation of 3h. its safety and toxicity has been examined according to relative national criterion and standard and the results show that no deleterious and poisonous gas is produced after combustion
經過反復多次試驗、篩選，研製出的隧道防火板質輕，具有一定的柔韌性，便於施工;耐溫、耐潮濕;變形小;耐火極限達3h ;安全毒性方面，參照室內空氣質量檢測標準等規范進行了測試，測試結果為:產品不釋放有害氣體，屬環保型材料;按照國家相關的材料規范檢測其毒性，檢測結果表明，產品在燃燒后不產生有毒有害氣體。Issuing to village the policy subsidying the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a valid path for always is academic circles with poor population in generally accepted the village of solution in government in all levels, promoting village developping, from current see theoretically, the small sum of the certain scope inside subsidying the interest lends money of issue, will promote the agriculture and the development of the village, increase poor and homely income in village level, but the small sum subsidying the loan of interest is can increase the income level of the peasant household, lend money a problem for increasing accepting together native average in circumstance increasing accepting sum comparing, result how, this is this text wanting resolving, this text pass to the inquisition of the loan peasant household, in collecting large quantity one hand material of foundation, is all each county downtown to is investigated the data proceeded to gather, statisticsing the contrast circumstance that loan an income change the circumstance and increase with native average the sum, the loan sum that will be investigated the peasant household, invest the realm proceeded the contrast, and borrow funds with the region not door of that year income increment the sum proceeded the comparison. use the different from lengthways the method research that compare investment in fixed amount realm, different loan sum, not the environmental loan in area in county door increases to accept sum and its correlations. come to explain the public finance subsidy the small sum in interest an agricultural loan an influence for to peasant household income, analyzing the small sum in policy an agricultural loan an influence for to increasing accepting the factor, discussing the policy stick the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a shortage for of policy blemish and managing top, combining domestic and international policy of now of combination an agricultural loan a policy for of policy with managing way, to small sum in policy in our country an agricultural loan style establishment and manage the mode put forward a little bit personal views, the writer thinks that develop the policy an agricultural loan a root for of a farming using is a financial environment of village to push forward financial system in village reform to reform with political setup, improve village finance serve, create a competition, norm, subsidying the interest the loan the solution limitedly not farmer of letter funds need problem
向農村發放政策性貼息小額支農貸款一直是學術界和各級政府比較公認的解決農村貧困人口，促進農村發展的有效途徑，從現有的理論上看，一定范圍內的小額貼息貸款的發放，會促進農業和農村的發展，提高農村貧困家庭的收入水平，而小額貼息貸款是不是能夠提高農戶的收入水平，貸款戶的增收情況同當地的平均增收額比較，效果怎樣，這是本文所要解決的問題，本文通過對貸款農戶的調查，在收集大量第一手材料的基礎上，將各縣市區所有被調查數據進行了匯總，統計出貸款戶收入變化情況以及與當地的平均增長額的對比情況，將被調查農戶的貸款額，投資領域進行了對比，並與當地非借款戶的當年收入增加額進行了比較。用定量比較和縱向比較的方法研究不同投資領域、不同貸款額、不縣域環境的貸款戶增收額及其相互關系。來說明財政貼息小額支農貸款對農戶收入的影響，分析政策性小額支農貸款對增收的影響因素，論述政策性貼息小額支農貸款的政策性缺陷及管理上的不足，並結合當今國內外政策性支農貸款的政策和管理方式，對我國政策性小額支農貸款的政策制定及管理模式提出了個人的一些見解，筆者認為發揮政策支農貸款的支農作用的根本是推進農村金融體制改革和政治體制改革，改善農村金融服務，創造一個競爭、規范的農村金融環境，有限的貼息貸款解決不了農民的信貸資金需求問題。According to the code for aseismatic design of building structure ( gbj11 - 89 ), the seismic base - shear method has always been used to calculate the seismic response of building structures. in those structures, their weights and rigidities equally distribute along their heights which do not exceed 40m, and their deformations are mostly the shearing type ( when the structures " ratio of height and width are smaller than 4 )
我國《建築抗震設計規范》 （ gbj11 ? 89 ）中規定，對于重量和剛度沿高度分佈比較均勻、高度不超過40m ，並以剪切變形為主（房屋高寬比小於4時）的結構，可採用近似計演算法，即底部剪力法來計算其地震響應。To discuss farther the relation between compaction and deformability, moreover bring forward the reasonable method of roadbed compaction quality detection, the writer used the settlement data of the roadbed to validate father the correctness of the modulus value ; and demonstrated that it was not reasonable that the compactness is regarded as the only index representing compaction quality in the criterion, and demonstrated that the modulus of resilience is a credible index which represents compaction quality by contrasting the deformability of roadbed modes in the different compacted condition
為了進一步探討路基壓實與變形之間的關系，從而確定有效的路基壓實質量檢測方法，論文以昔格達填料路堤沉降監測資料為依據驗證了路基模量取值的正確性，通過不同壓實狀態下路基變形性的對比，論證了規范中僅以壓實度控制路基壓實質量存在弊端，提出了路基填築層模量是控制路基壓實質量的可靠指標。This paper firstly applied sequential cluster method to set up the classification standard of precipitation state based on the fact that there are much uncertainty and imprecise characteristics in the precipitation course ; then this paper presented a method which is called markov chain with weights to predicted the future precipitation state by regarding the standardized self - coefficients as weights based on the special characteristics of precipitation being a dependent stochastic variable ; and applied this method to a real hydrological observation station with nearly 50 years precipitation information in shanxi province at last, an ideal result was obtained
摘要首先基於降水過程存在大量不確定性、不精確性的特點，應用有序聚類的方法建立降水豐枯狀況的分級標準；然後針對降水量為相依隨機變量的特點，採取以規范化的各階自相關系數為權重，用加權的馬爾可夫鏈模型來預測未來降水的豐枯變化狀況；最後以山西省某水文站近50年的降水資料為實例對該方法進行了具體的應用，獲得了較為滿意的結果。According to the dirac constrain theory and the extended condition, we deduce the gauge generators, show the brst transformation of ( 1 + 1 ) dimension o ( 3 ) non - linear model under the new general condition. we first gain the new general commutation relations of ghost field, deduce the brst charge from gauge generator, complete the general brst quantization of the model, get green function, connecting green function and generating functional, gain three kinds of ward identities. at last, we complete the brst quantization of o ( 3 ) non - linear model with topological term in ( 1 + 1 ) dimensions space - time
最後依據dirac約束規范理論和推廣的條件，導出了規范生成元，推導出了1 + 1維o （ 3 ）非線性模型的新的一般條件下的brst變換，給出了其brst變換與dirac規范變換的等價性，首次得到了鬼場的一般對易關系，且其一般參數為零時就回到通常的鬼場的對易關系，第一次由規范生成元導出了brst荷，進而完成了此模型的一般的brst量子化，並在此基礎上進一步導出了此系統的green函數、連通green函數生成泛函和正規頂角生成泛函，獲得了三種不同的ward恆等式。Based on existing national standards, coercive clauses and related national and regional laws and regulations and by means of the new perspective of engineering supervision of information data, this system helps to achieve a standardized management of engineering supervision and solve problems out of present constructions due to low level engineering supervision and management. it also expands engineering material management scope, settles the problems of duplicate and arduous data processing, heavy workload and pressure, low efficiency due to manual work, poor work quality and delayed information feedback in conventional engineering material management. in the trend of computerization development in construction line, this system makes full use of computer and web technologies, sets up engineering technic and information management system applicable to engineering project supervision, realizes science - realization, standardization and intelligence of engineering supervision and guarantees a scientific and accurate quality evaluation and control of the work
該系統以國家現行的規范、標準、強制性條文為基礎，結合國家及地方的有關法律、法規和行政規章及地方行政主管部門對工程技術資料的具體要求，用信息化的手段實現了工程施工技術資料檔案管理的規范化和標準化，從一個新的角度提出對工程施工技術資料的管理，成功地解決了目前存在已久的工程施工技術資料管理水平低的難題，拓展了工程施工技術資料管理的范圍，改變傳統的工程施工技術資料管理存在的數據處理重復、繁瑣、工作量大、手工操作效率低、質量差、信息反饋不及時等問題，適應建築行業信息化發展的需要，充分利用計算機技術及網路技術，建立適合於工程項目管理的施工技術資料管理信息系統，實現工程施工技術資料管理的科學化、規范化及智能化，實現對工程質量控制及評定的科學性、準確性。As a result, the air temperature distribution can not meet the design demand, and the air velocity exceeds the demand value in the design code with original scheme, and with the improved scheme of the same air flow and more air outlets, the distributions of temperature and velocity can meet code requirements
模擬結果顯示，原方案工作區斷面溫度達不到設計要求，風速超出規范要求，改進方案保持總風量不變，增加了送風口數量，其溫度場和速度場都能滿足規范要求。分享友人