規范化常量 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guīfànhuàchángliáng]
規范化常量 英文
normalization constant
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (畫圓形的工具) instrument for drawing circles 2 (規則; 成例) rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • : 名詞1 [書面語] (模子) pattern; mould; matrix 2 (模範; 榜樣) model; example 3 (范圍) boundar...
  • : 量動1. (度量) measure 2. (估量) estimate; size up
  1. Witten ' s open string field theory formulate the interaction of bosonic open strings in the language of noncommutative geometry. compactification of matrix theory on the noncommutative torus was argued to correspond to supergravity with constant background three form tensor field. more generally, it has been realised that noncommutative gauge theory arises in the worldvolume theory on d - brane in the presence of a constant background b field in string theory

    Witten的開弦場論用非對易幾何描述了玻色開弦的相互作用;在非對易torus上的矩陣理論的緊對應于帶有數三形式張場的超引力;更為普遍的,非對易理論可以自然地產生在帶有數b背景場的三維d - brane上。
  2. With management and audit theory, the paper counters the fact that the audit mechanism doesn " t completely show its proper effect in supervising and managing the party and government leaders, and exposes the necessity of having the mechanism existed and expanded. the paper points out that there are five outstanding phenomenon and the cause in processing the present audit mechanism, such as " carrying out audit before the cadres leave their position ", examine is not clear, legislation and standard formulation work is stagnant, unfix of audit plan effects the sequence of normal work.,

    運用管理原理和審計理論,針對此項審計機制在推行過程中尚未完全發揮其在幹部管理和監督工作中的應有作用這一現實,從管理角度闡述了此項審計機制存在和推行的必要性。指出和分析了此項審計機制目前在管理實踐中存在諸如「先離后審」現象大存在,審計不清,立法和制定工作滯后,審計計劃的不確定性影響正的工作秩序,審計主體多元制約監督作用的發揮等五個突出問題及產生問題的原因。
  3. This article canvass the status quo of the archive ' s automatization administration and the develop status of data mining, and discusses how to combine the data mining technology with the archive work from data cleaning means, data mining arithmetic, and data storage etc. and this article put forword a data mining syst em design idea. this article ' s structure is : first, in allusion to the archive data status quo, the pretreatment work of archive data that include data quality evaluation, data cleaning and data commut - ation process is bringed forword ; second, in the process of realizating data mining, the article discusses conception description, association rule, class three familiar means of applicating data mining, also put inforword the concrete arithmetic and the program design chart, and discusses the range and the foreground of all kinds of arithmetic when they are applicated in the archive ; third, the base of so you say, this article also discusses the importance of the archice applicate data storage and the means of realizing it ; last, the article discusses seval important problem of realizing an archive data mining system from data, diversity, arithmetic multiformity, mining result variety and the data pretreatment visibility, mining object descriptive visibility, mining process visibility, mining result visibil ity, user demand description and problem defining etc aspect. the article ' s core is how to import data mining technology in the archive work

    本文評述了檔案自動管理現狀和數據挖掘技術的發展狀況,從數據清洗方法、數據挖掘演算法、數據倉庫的建立等方面論述了如何將數據挖掘技術與檔案工作相結合的具體思路,並提出了一個數據挖掘系統的設計思想。文章首先,針對檔案數據的現狀,提出了應對檔案數據進行預處理工作,包括數據質評估、數據清理、數據變換和歸約等過程;其次,在具體實現數據挖掘過程中,本文結合檔案數據的特點探討了概念描述、關聯則、分類等三種見挖掘形式的實現方法,提出了具體的實現演算法和程序設計框圖,並論述了各種演算法在檔案工作中的應用圍及前景;第三,在上述基礎上,又論述數據倉庫在檔案數據挖掘中的重要性並提出了實現一個檔案數據倉庫的方法;最後,從處理數據的多樣性、演算法的多樣性、挖掘結果的多樣性、數據預處理可視、挖掘對象描述的可視、挖掘過程可視、結果顯示可視、用戶需求的描述及問題定義等幾方面討論了實現一個檔案數據挖掘系統的幾個重點問題。全文以探討如何將數據挖掘技術引入到具體的檔案工作實踐中為核心。
  4. At present, people usually use birefrigence and quasi - phase - matching methods to achieve higher effiency in the process of conversion. a significant advantage of quasi - phase - matching method is that the interaction is occurred through the largest element of the x ( 2 ) tensor ; the period of optical superlattice can be designed randomly, and any interaction can be matched without walk - off angle ; they are fitted to be used in frequency conversion of lower power especially. the quasi - phase - matching method has some advantages over birefrigence method, improving the efficiency of frequency conversion ; the range of frequency conversion covers its whole transperant wavelength

    由於準相位匹配技術有其獨特的優勢,可以利用非線性光學晶體的最大二階極,如ppln 、 pplt 、 ppktp用的非線性極都是d _ ( 33 ) ,其有效非線性系數高出普通非線性光學介質(如bbo 、 lbo 、 ktp )一個數級,而且可以人為靈活設計調制周期,通過周期設計其頻率變換圍可以覆蓋準相位匹配介質的整個透明波段,選擇無走離效應,解決了pm難以解決的問題,拓寬了非線性晶體的應用圍,極大地提高了頻率轉換效率,已成為非線性光學材料和固體激光器的研究熱點之一。
  5. This article briefly introduced the primary factors that influence the ceramic metallization quality, and presented the effective reliability control methods for problems often encountered in the actual production as a result of the manufacturing conditions and the material performances unsteady, when the ceramic metallization formula and craft standard have been determined already

    摘要簡要介紹了影響陶瓷金屬的主要因素,並在陶瓷金屬配方、工藝確定的前提下,介紹一些在實際生產中經出現由於工藝條件、材料性能的波動而產生質問題的可靠性控制的方法。
  6. There is not third parts among contract and employer and subcontractor. to grasp international engineer subcontractor conditions and the process of signature subcontractor and to set up institution of management of subcontractor to rule dairy management of subcontractor and to process the solution of the settlement of subcontractor though research of international engineer subcontractor. claim is the best of difficulty question in the management of subcontractor

    深入進行國際工程分包合同的研究,掌握國際工程分包合同條款及簽訂過程,合理設置合同管理機構,使日合同管理,合同爭端的處理和工程收尾階段的合同管理程序;索賠是國際工程分包合同中重中之重,難中之難的一個問題,本文定的描述了勞務調差索賠,材料、運費及水電費調索賠,外幣調差索賠,后繼法索賠,分包商從細小之處取得最大。
  7. In this paper, combined with the research project " study on the design, construction and quality monitoring of foundations in karst and mined - out regions along tanshao highway " financed by the department of communication of hunan province, a deep analysis has been made to find out the factors influencing the safe thickness of bearing stratum under the pile tip in karst region. three simplified models are set up to calculate the safe thickness, from which empirical calculation formulas are deduced. and a few important conclusions drawn from the discussion can be used to guide engineering practice, which are also valuable materials for the revision of current criterions later

    本文結合湖南省交通廳「潭邵高速公路巖溶及采空區路、橋基礎設計施工與質監控方法研究」研究課題,以潭邵高速公路為工程依託,通過深入分析巖溶區基樁樁端持力層安全厚度的影響因素,提出了樁端持力層安全厚度計算的三類簡模型,以此為基礎,推導出了樁端持力層厚度計算公式,並通過討論得到了可用於指導工程實踐的幾點重要結論,可供今後的修改參考;本文針對巖溶地區的特殊情況,提出了巖溶區樁基設計方法及具體設計步驟,並借鑒國內外巖溶區樁基的成功經驗,提出了巖溶區樁基設計處理幾種特殊方法,可供同類工程借鑒;另外,本文通過具體的工程實踐,系統總結了巖溶區樁基施工技術及遇問題的處理方法。
  8. Above all, with the data acquired by tests, this thesis has analysized the lateral resistanc, longitudinal resistance and rail creep etc between ballast and sleeper before and after mass machine work, discussed the effect of mass machine on stability of continuously welded rail track, reseached the change regularity of fastening - down temperature of rail, which is resulted by mass machine work, and have settled the suitable range of work temperature which guarantees the stability of jointless railway. what ' s more, this thesis has put forward the appropriate work pattern, work temperature and work area for mass machine work in future. at the same time, this thesis has given rational suggestions about some conditions worth of attention in production of mass machine, which can in return raise the work productiveness of mass machine. at last, this thesis has considered formulating reasonable measures for operation organization and work standard, so that mass machine work can play an important role in maintenance, which can reduce work load, raise work efficiency and maintenance cost in daily maintenance

    本文通過實測的各種數據,分別對大機作業前後道床對軌枕的橫向阻力、縱向阻力、鋼軌爬行情況等進行深入分析,進一步探討大機作業對無縫線路穩定性的影響,研究大機作業引起的鎖定軌溫的變律,確定保證無縫線路穩定的合適作業軌溫圍。為我國今後的大型養路機械作業提出合理的作業方式、合適的作業軌溫和作業地段,同時對大型養路機械作業中應注意的問題提出合理建議,為大型養路機械作業提供更高的安全保障,進一步提高大機作業效率。最後,對工務段在大機作業中的配合制定完善的施工組織措施及作業標準,使大機作業在養護維修中發揮更大的作用,為工務段日的養護維修減少工作,提高勞動效率,降低維修成本。
  9. In general, the upward amplitude curve " curvature is larger, and it changes quicker. on the contrary, the downward is smaller and slower ; because the flare force contains the square of the wave elevation velocity, it results in an difference between the flare force frequence and the associated moving frequence ; the flare force decreases the downward amplitude of heaving oscillations ; the speed of ship has an ignorant effect on the peak values of three calculated values, but there is an obvious effect on the oscillating frequence ; the wave amplitude has an effect on the ship motion, and there is an linear relation between the oscillating amplitude and the wave amplitude on the whole. by the way, there are some experiences and lessons according to the progress calculation : before the calculation of the ship motion, we should checkout the balance in a calm water firstly, namely, the whole displace of ship and the longitudinal position of the center of gravity must be consistent with the draft in calm water, or else, the calculation may show the " floating " phenomenon ; the mixed language programming has a lot of virtues, but it exists a fatal limitation - the debug of dll

    研究表明:在某些頻率圍內相關水動力系數基本不隨吃水變,只有超過某一頻率后水動力系數的值才會出現差異;在橫搖方向,水動力系數並沒有隨著吃水的變發生則變,而是出現了波動現象;近船首剖面的水動力系數計算表明,水動力系數的波動非大,並遠遠偏離了平均位置的水動力系數值,值的變速率也不盡相同,總的看來,上振幅曲線曲率較大,變較快,下振幅曲線曲率較小,變較慢;外飄力和波面運動的速度的平方項有關,導致其振動頻率和相應運動方向的頻率不同;外飄力使升沉向下運動的幅值減小;船速對三個計算的峰值影響甚微,但對振動頻率有明顯影響;波幅對船舶運動的影響是明顯的,船舶運動的幅值基本上和波幅成線性關系。
  10. In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out - side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete ' s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseases this dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic fem to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, researched the principles of the first - arriving waves " phase when the cracks " depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks " depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects, the second part of this dissertation is ct, which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested - substance to get arriving - time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image this dissertation drawed one ct program which can well present the different little cells " ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested - substance, ct has the better using foreground.

    在混凝土結構的施工及使用過程中,由於受其自身及外界各種因素的影響,會產生一些缺陷,對結構物的承載能力和耐久性造成嚴重影響,採用無損檢測技術進行質檢測和健康診斷,這對混凝土結構開展安全、穩定性評估以及病害隱患治理研究具有重要意義。本論文主要針對大體積混凝土結構缺陷的檢測方法展開研究工作,重點討論了超聲波法檢測混凝土結構裂縫的基本原理和方法及其特點、適用圍,運用動力有限元數值模擬其檢測過程,探討了有裂縫缺陷的混凝土結構在脈沖荷載作用下彈性波的傳播及其變特徵,研究了不同裂縫深度下首波相位變律,得出了反轉臨界點與裂縫深度之間的關系,這對實際工程應用具有指導意義。聲波ct是一種新的無損檢測技術,它是利用聲波穿透被檢測體獲取聲波接收時間,來進行計算機反演成像的技術。
  11. The general way is to broaden the distance between tracks, but that would worsen the conditions of main line and cause the increase of engineering

    由於正線間距很難滿足《地鐵設計》對單渡線插入短鋼軌長度的要求,通採用加寬線間距的方法解決,但惡了正線標準、加大工程
  12. According to the dirac constrain theory and the extended condition, we deduce the gauge generators, show the brst transformation of ( 1 + 1 ) dimension o ( 3 ) non - linear model under the new general condition. we first gain the new general commutation relations of ghost field, deduce the brst charge from gauge generator, complete the general brst quantization of the model, get green function, connecting green function and generating functional, gain three kinds of ward identities. at last, we complete the brst quantization of o ( 3 ) non - linear model with topological term in ( 1 + 1 ) dimensions space - time

    最後依據dirac約束理論和推廣的條件,導出了生成元,推導出了1 + 1維o ( 3 )非線性模型的新的一般條件下的brst變換,給出了其brst變換與dirac變換的等價性,首次得到了鬼場的一般對易關系,且其一般參數為零時就回到通的鬼場的對易關系,第一次由生成元導出了brst荷,進而完成了此模型的一般的brst,並在此基礎上進一步導出了此系統的green函數、連通green函數生成泛函和正頂角生成泛函,獲得了三種不同的ward恆等式。
  13. It solves payment issue through sharing pos and brush card. it solves info sharing and exchanging problem by enterprise application integration it adopts research method of software engineering and uses touch - screen, network, database technology and so on to carry through total design of the system and build the software : it uses user status identify and responsibility control to ensure database and application program ' s security ; it strengthen the code by coding optimize ; it captures and discards application runtime error to enhance the system ' s stability ; it uses multimedia voice and moving picture to show help information, thus makes the system easy to use ; it greatly reduces the maintenance work of the system by self - updating function ; it is an opening system by using star - model network top structure, supporting standard network communication protocol ? tcp / ip and offering standard software interfaced criterion

    論文採用軟體工程的研究方法,使用觸摸屏、網路、數據庫等技術,進行了系統總體方案設計和軟體開發:通過對數據庫和應用程序的用戶身份識別和權限控制,保證數據存取和應用程序的安全性;通過對代碼進行優提高了代碼的健壯性;通過捕捉並拋出系統運行時的異錯誤提高了系統的穩定性;通過多媒體語音、圖形和動畫提示幫助信息來增強系統的易用性;客戶端程序自動升級功能提高了系統的可維護性,有效地減少了維護工作;系統採用星型的網路拓撲結構,支持標準的tcp ip網路通訊協議和的軟體介面標準,具有良好的開放性。
  14. Serving a field, with satisfying the guest ' s requirement to the greastest extent, society of utmost ground redound is a tenet, regard the creed of directive servive routine and the base that improve service quality as service standard, on the foundation of normative service, stress flexibility, offer for the guest more individuation serves and exceed mufti wu, regard the soul of hotel servive routine as close service

    在服務方面,以最大程度地滿足客人的需求,最大限度地回報社會為宗旨,把服務作為指導服務工作的綱領和提高服務質的基礎,在服務的基礎上,講究靈活性,多為客人提供個性服務和超服務,把貼心服務作為酒店服務工作的靈魂。
  15. ( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test

    在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作: ( 1 )針對巖石損傷變較小時,運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷,本文提出運用對ct數圍劃分區段的方法,根據各區段統計頻率的變律來分析損傷擴展狀況; ( 2 )針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性,本文提出了基準損傷,正損傷,負損傷的概念,在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況; ( 3 )現有的基於ct數的損傷變大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值,這實際上是很難觀測到的,因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變,由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便,本文在其基礎上進行了推廣; ( 4 )建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模的單軸損傷本構方程,並用算例進行了驗證; ( 5 )對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融過程中補水時,內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展律進行了探討,主要運用了的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析,試驗發現:對于孔隙率和含水率較高,密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石,凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響,而對于孔隙率和含水率較低,密度和強度較高的硬巖,凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因,影響不是太大,而後期由於水補給后,含水率較高的原因,凍融影響逐漸增大; ( 6 )運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法,深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變的凍融循環次數,凍結溫度,凍結速度不同巖石作用時,其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數,凍結速度和凍結溫度變的擴展律,需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外,凍融過程中沒有補水。
  16. These qualities are often more difficult to quantify and specify with a reasonable degree of precision than procurement of goods or other services

    與采購貨品和徵求其他服務比較,這些特質通較難,也難以一般可接受的準確性加以說明。
  17. This article puts forward some points on how to raise the clinical teaching quality for doctors receiving in - service training by relating to our practice. it emphasizes that it is very essential to strengthen their theoretical knowledge, standardize practical skills of neurosurgery, and improve their comprehensive thinking ability, research ability and medical morality

    結合幾年來的帶教實踐,就如何提高臨床帶教質談幾點粗淺的看法,強調加強進修醫生理論知識以及的神經外科實踐技能、提高進修生的綜合思維能力、科研能力和醫德的培訓非重要。
  18. Answer : highlights the authenticity that emphasizes news ; highlights random sampling actual measurement ; pays attention to the standardization management that daily education works ; of system of outstanding quota quantify a standard

    答:突出強調信息的真實性;突出隨機抽樣實測;注重日教學工作的治理;突出指標體系的標準。
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