親本群 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qīnběnqún]
親本群 英文
parent flock
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 群 : Ⅰ名詞（聚在一起的人或物） crowd; group Ⅱ量詞（用於成群的人或物） group; herd; flock
  1. Crossbreeding of chlamys farreri were performed using the parent scallops from the korea wild population ( k ), china cultured stock ( c ) and the survived individuals in epedimic waters in culture area of china ( cs ). four crosses, k k, k c, k cs and c c, were constructed. the index of growth performance of their progenies such as the length and width of the shell and the individual weight were measured for heterosis study

    用來自韓國野生的櫛孔扇貝和中國養殖的櫛孔扇貝以及發病區存活的個體作為親本，構建韓國野生韓國野生、韓國野生中國養殖、韓國野生中國養殖發病區存活個體以及中國養殖中國養殖共四個交配組合，通過對f1代個體殼寬、殼高和體重的測量比較不同群體的生長情況。
  2. The results show that the genetic diversity of filial generations is higher than self - bred progeny ’ s ， the hybrid vigor has manifested at metabolization level 。 the proportion of polymorphic loci ( p. 99 ) in f1 generations was 30. 77 - 36. 36 % ， the mean observed heterozygosity ( ho ) of jmcf （ japanese male chinese female ） was the highest with 0. 1727, the rest populations were ： jfcm （ japanese female chinese male ） 0. 1536 、 cp 0. 1273 and jp 0. 1055 ， the mean effective number of allels per locus in f1 generations ： cp ’ s was the highest with 1. 7318 ， jp ’ s was the lowest with 1. 6718 ， the filial generations ’ values were in the midle of the cp ’ s and jp ’ s and between them there was no brightly difference, with 1. 6955 ( jfp ) and 1. 6927 ( jmp )

    各組的平均雜合度預期值也表現出該趨勢，即：日自交組最低，為0 . 1786 ，日雄中雌雜交組的平均雜合度最高，為0 . 1964 ，日雌中雄雜交組和中自交組分別是0 . 1891和0 . 1865 。 hardy - weinberg平衡下遺傳偏離指數也是雜交組的小於自交組的，平均每個位點的等位基因有效數目中自交組最高為1 . 7318 ，日自交組最低為1 . 6718 ，兩雜交組群體的這一指數相差不多，分別是1 . 6955和1 . 6927 ，位於兩親本的中間水平。
  3. This paper concerns studies on rhizobia in symbiosis with important legume soybean and peanut crops in china, following : 1 ) summarized bio - diversity of rhizobia, including indigeneous population, isolation frequency, strain type, distribution, and strain - host promiscuity and compatibility from large and small samples. 2 ) reviewed symbiont improvement in both sides of rhizobia and hosts, involving selection of effective rhizobial strains, evoluation and utilization of the host germplasm for symbiotic properties, and selection of the both sides for special characters. 3 ) discussed the subject on the rich symbiont germplasm resource in china and on further research being necessary to exploitation and utilization of the benificial germplasm

    針對我國主要豆科作物大豆和花生的研究成果，並結合本身研究工作內容， （ 1 ）總結了與宿主共生的根瘤菌生物學多樣性，包括大、小樣本的土著根瘤菌群體數量、分離頻率、類型與分佈及其菌株宿主共生混交性與親和性； （ 2 ）評述了根瘤菌宿主植物共生體雙邊固氮改良，包括優良菌株的選育、宿主品種資源共生特性的評價與利用及特異性狀的選擇； （ 3 ）討論了我國這一類共生體資源的豐富性以及有必要進一步加大力度研究有益資源的開發和利用的問題。
  4. Abstract : this paper concerns studies on rhizobia in symbiosis with important legume soybean and peanut crops in china, following : 1 ) summarized bio - diversity of rhizobia, including indigeneous population, isolation frequency, strain type, distribution, and strain - host promiscuity and compatibility from large and small samples. 2 ) reviewed symbiont improvement in both sides of rhizobia and hosts, involving selection of effective rhizobial strains, evoluation and utilization of the host germplasm for symbiotic properties, and selection of the both sides for special characters. 3 ) discussed the subject on the rich symbiont germplasm resource in china and on further research being necessary to exploitation and utilization of the benificial germplasm

    文摘:針對我國主要豆科作物大豆和花生的研究成果，並結合本身研究工作內容， （ 1 ）總結了與宿主共生的根瘤菌生物學多樣性，包括大、小樣本的土著根瘤菌群體數量、分離頻率、類型與分佈及其菌株宿主共生混交性與親和性； （ 2 ）評述了根瘤菌宿主植物共生體雙邊固氮改良，包括優良菌株的選育、宿主品種資源共生特性的評價與利用及特異性狀的選擇； （ 3 ）討論了我國這一類共生體資源的豐富性以及有必要進一步加大力度研究有益資源的開發和利用的問題。
  5. But the interrelationships among these genera remain uncertain until now. a great quantity of features recognized in dromaeosaurids supports the view that dromaeosauridae is the sister group of avialae

    目前關于奔龍類在手盜龍類中的系統位置有幾種不同的觀點，本文支持奔龍類與avialae的關系最為密切的觀點，即奔龍類是與avialae最為親近的類群，兩者構成姐妹群關系。
  6. In my opinion, the control of collective behavior is divided into cultural and compulsory discipline. compulsory discipline refers to the constraints to collective behavior by national institutions and systems, such as army, police, prisons, courts and so on, what are indispensable to maintain proper functioning of a state. compulsory force is its salient feature

    在本文中，我試圖對自己的疑問一一作答，闡釋了集群行為發生的原因，集群行為的發生條件，集群行為的傳播機制，在總結前人研究的基礎上，結合自己的親身經歷和思考，提出了「設置-培養-喚醒」模式。
  7. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  8. Thermocycled pcr samples were resolved electrophoretically on 1. 5 % agarose gels and taken photos using a polaroid camera. the statistical results were analyzed by the spss software, and the cluster figures were obtained. conclusions could be drawn from the study as following : 1 ) the molecular systematics of 57 species of crickets, which belong to 26 genera 7 family in grylloidea, had been studied by the approach of rapd

    本項研究在依據外部形態分類鑒定及前人工作的基礎上，採用rapd技術，通過對蟋蟀總科7科26屬57種蟋蟀基因組dna的rapd圖譜的比較研究，在分子水平上探討這些類群的分類地位和親緣關系，為豐富蟋蟀總科的分子系統學研究，並為進一步完善蟋蟀總科的分類系統，揭示其系統發育及演化提供分子水平的依據。
  9. The results indicated that liangyoupeijiu showed better plant and leaf type, higher ratio of grains to leaf area and larger photosynthesis area, stronger ability of population dry matter accumulation during the period of vegetative growth especially from heading to being mature, longer leaf duration and grains - filling after heading than that of its parents and controls s ; more grains per panicle, lager all sink per plant and 1000 - grain weight

    結果表明：兩優培九株葉型好，粒葉比和光合面積大，營養生長期群體干物質積累能力強，始穗后葉片功能期長、籽粒灌漿持續時間較長，抽穗期至成熟期的干物質增量明顯強于其親本和對照組合；穗頸節間維管組織比親本及對照發達；兩優培九單株總庫容量大，每穗實粒數多，千粒重較大。
  10. Function to shuffle the parent population

    函數來隨機組合親本種群。
  11. Genetic linkage maps of f. chinensis have been constructed using " two - way pseudo - testcross " strategy with aflp markers. parents and fl progeny ( full sib family ) was used as segregating population. together 135 and 118 markers fitted to mendelian segregation ration for paternal and maternal parent was produced from 34 aflp primer combinations

    利用aflp分子標記結合擬測交策略，以中國對蝦的單對雜交親本及其f1代為作圖群體，應用mapmakerexp / 3 . 0軟體，構建了中國對蝦雌、雄的中等密度的遺傳連鎖圖譜。
  12. ( 2 ) the parental genotypes were analysed with as many as 230 ssr primer pairs developed by roder et al for detection of polymorphism. of these, 203 primer pairs gave amplification products, the polymorphism of 50 primer pairs ( 24. 6 % ) with 55 sites was amplified between the parents

    （ 2 ）利用roder等開發的230對ssr引物，對ril - 8群體親本進行了分析，其中， 203對引物擴增出了pcr產物， 50對引物在親本間擴增出了多態性，佔24 . 6 。
  13. I should remind you that the parent population contains multiple references to parents based on their fitness

    我應該提醒您，基於親本的適合度，親本種群包含有對親本的多個引用。
  14. Also, the second parent used to be selected randomly, and i thought that was a fairly accurate representation of evolution, but i have changed that to select the second parent based on their fitness, by picking them out of the parent population and then inserting them back

    另外，以前第二個親本是隨機選擇出來的，而且我認為這樣是對演化的相當準確的描述，但是我改變了那種方法，通過將它們從親本種群中選擇出來然後再插入回去的方式，基於它們的適合度來選擇第二個親本。
  15. ( 5 ) the genetics analysis between axr1 and coi1 gene demonstrated that axr1 and coii doub1e mutations displayed a synergistic genetic interaction. the axri - 3 / coi1 - 2 double mutants were completely male sterile, resistant to ja - inhibitory root growth, and lacked the expression of ja - inducible genes

    通過比較f2分離群體中coi1 - 2 axr1 - 3雙突變體與兩親本coi1 - 2和axr1 - 3對茉莉素的反應，分析axr1基中國農業科學院博士學位論文2002因和coil基因在遺傳上的相互關系。
  16. ( 3 ) all of the 131 lines of ril - 8 population and their parents were planted in four environments : environment 1, taian 1999 ; environment 2, taian 2000 ; environment 3, taian 2001 and environment 4, yantai 2001. nine yield trait phenotypes were investigated in these four environments

    （ 3 ）將ril群體的各個系及其親本分別在4個環境下種植：環境1為1999年泰安，環境2為2000年泰安，環境3為2001年泰安，環境4為2001年煙臺。調查了9個產量性狀。
  17. Distribution of four traits in fl analysis population is between the value of two patents, but also there exist transgressive inheritance

    這四個性狀在分析群體的總趨勢是介於兩親本之間，但也有超親現象發生。
  18. The principal approaches include the determination of breeding targets ; classification of parents ; establishment of basic population, recurrent selection population and improving population, screening and rational arrangement of fine varieties ; and combination of fine varieties with reasonable cultivation method

    主要包括制定育種目標，進行親本分類，構築基礎群體，組建輪選群體，建造改良群體，篩選優良品種，合理布局品種，以及良種良法配套。
  19. The more fit a parent is, the more chances it will have to reproduce by being in the parent population multiple times

    親本越適合，在親本種群中出現的次數就會多，因而就會有更多機會繁殖下去。
  20. Is set if the last parent was just obtained from the parent population ; that s the only way to break out of the parent selection loop

    注意，如果最後一個親本恰好是自親本種群中獲得的，應該如何去設置
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