觀測函數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guāncèhánshǔ]
觀測函數 英文
observation function
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 函 : 名詞1. [書面語] （匣; 封套） case; envelope 2. （信件） letter 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  • 觀測 : observe; observation; viewing
  • 函數 : [數學] function函數計算機 function computer; 函數計算器 function calculator; 函數運算 functional operation
  1. Given the initial conditions including ( 1 ) number density distribution in space which has the similar form to the present day ones, ( 2 ) both the power law and gaussian mass functions for clusters, and ( 3 ) two different velocity distributions which one has a constant dispersion and the other is described by the eddington formula, the dynamical evolution of globular clusters in our milky way galaxy is investigated in detail by means of monte carlo simulations

    本文採用與觀測結果具有相同形式的球狀星團空間密度分佈函數，在給定兩種球狀星團系統的初始質量譜（冪律的和對數高斯的）和兩種球狀星團系統的初始速度分佈函數（愛丁頓速度分佈函數和常數的速度彌散度）條件下，我們採用montecarlo的方法對球狀星團系統的動力學演化進行討論。
  2. On the bases of the galaxy evolution theory, we use the therotical chemical evolution model of three zone ( such as halo, thick disk and thin isk ) and multi - phase ( diffuse gas, molecular clouds, stars of both low and high mass, the remnants ). by comparing with the observational constraints, such assurface densities, age - metallicity relation, g - dwarf metallicity distribution in the solar neighbourhood and the correlation between [ a / fe ] and [ fe / h ], supernovae rates, infall rates. the rationality of the model is verified. based on the theory model, we calculate the abundance of neutron capture element

    本文正是在銀河系化學演化的基礎上，利用銀河系的三成分（ threezone ） （即暈、厚盤和薄盤）多相（ multi - phase ） （氣體，分子云，大、小質量恆星以及剩餘物質）的化學演化的理論模型，通過與觀測約束（質量面密度、場星的年齡-金屬豐度關系、太陽附近g矮星金屬含量分佈函數、三成份的特徵量、元素的星系化學演化、超新星的爆炸率、內落速率等）的比較，來檢驗模型的合理性。
  3. It shows the functional relationship between the instantaneous voltage and time. the intuitionism and particularity of the oscilloscope are outstanding compared with other electronic instruments. therefore, technicians in test and measure prefer to use it

    它以圖示的方式把電路中的瞬間電壓同時間的函數關系描繪出來，其測試的直觀性和細致程度是其它測量設備不可比擬的，所以是工程技術人員進行測試和故障檢修時的首選工具。
  4. The inconsistent excitation can be decomposed into a series of irregular incident waves in terms of the spectral decomposition scheme of the hermitian matrix, with which the coherency function of the ground motions under the inconsistent excitation can be obtained numerical results are given to show its stability and rationality

    該方法將隨機輸入下的波動分析問題轉換為多個虛擬激勵下的確定性波動分析組合問題，從而可以方便地獲得場地波動觀測量之間的譜密度矩陣，進而計算給出工程場地的地震動相干函數本文還用數值模擬的辦法對所提出方法的合理性和穩定性進行了探討。
  5. 3. a three - dimensional - acoustic doppler velocimeter has been used to measure the velocity and turbulence in a compound channel with vegetated and unvegetated flood - plains. particulary in the interface region between main channel and floodplain. the distribution in three coordinate directions of velocity and turbulence intensities and the renolds stresses are presented. the momentum transfer at the main channel flood - plain interface can be described as an apparent shear stress which can be quantified as a function of the local turbulence at the interface

    採用adv對灘地種樹前後灘槽交界區域的流速場進行了量測。分析了灘槽交界區域的垂線流速、紊動強度和雷諾應力的變化。將灘槽交界的動量傳遞描述為一表觀應力，這個表觀應力可以看作是交界面處的脈動函數並將其定量化。
  6. Based on the firsthand observation information obtained from air observation, this paper gived a second extrapolation to aircraft possible flight path and made checks on targets relativity by the method of utility function overall evaluation, accomplished the data fusion of targets information, and resolved the problem of relating of air observation information fusion and flight path extrapolation

    摘要在得到對空觀察哨直接觀測信息的基礎上，對目標可能航向進行二次外推，並利用效用函數綜合評估法對目標相關性進行檢驗，完成對目標信息的融合，解決了觀察哨情報數據關聯和航跡外推問題。
  7. Based on the data recorded of the highest water level in the three survey stations of huangpu river, we give out the parameters estimates by using the eight estimate procedures mentioned above respectively, then we calculated corresponding values of likelihood and goodness - of - fit. we reach the conclusion that maximum - likelihood method performs better and more stable than the others

    本文基於黃浦江三個水文觀測站的歷年最高水位資料，分別利用這八種估計方法，求出了參數估計值，然後分別計算似然函數值和擬合優度度量值w ~ 2 ，對這八種方法進行了比較分析。
  8. Partially linear relationship model with errors in some variables observed at net - points

    基於網點觀測的變量不全含誤差的部分線性函數關系模型
  9. The author insists that the proposition on bmp contains numberous precondictions, the reference values of the qulitative papers are limited as they cannot answere exactly what on earth the bmp is. so this dissertation systematically studied the bmp of china according to the clue of monetary supply which is the immediate target of monetary policy. of course, the stress is to attempt to apply the newest econometric approaches, such as impulse response function and cointegration test, to develop the topic on bmp to a new regime and draw some valuable conclusions

    因此，本文在國內外學者已有的研究基礎上，以我國貨幣政策的中介目標? ?貨幣供應量為線索，就有關我國貨幣政策的宏觀調控效果進行了系統的理論與實證研究，重點是應用國外時間序列經濟計量學的最新研究成果，如脈沖響應函數、預測方差分解模型等進行探索性地定量分析，並得出有價值的實證結論。
  10. Parametrization of reduced - order function observers for linear systems

    降階函數觀測器的參數化
  11. Results show that a three - stepwise weight function correction method is effective and applicable and can be spread in other basins. it can eliminate the outlier of rainfall data and improve the accuracy of flood forecast

    計算結果表明，採用雨量觀測誤差三步權函數修正法是有效的，能準確剔除雨量資料的粗差，改善雨量資料的合理性，提高洪水預報的精度。
  12. It is a new tool to detect and observe the structure and status of underground media by accurately measuring its transfer function through sinusoidal elastic wave accurately controlled in frequency and stable in phase

    它是使用一種精密控制頻率和相位穩定的彈性波，對發射和接收兩點間的傳遞函數進行精密測定從而監視和觀測地下構造和狀態的一種新型手段。
  13. Then the difference between the output of the trained neural networks and that of the actual system is used as a residual, which detects the sensor fault. the diagnosis can then be performed by further exploiting the information provided from the residual signals according to certain rules introduced in detail in the thesis. simulating results show that the method can isolate any fault of the sensors in any input types and normal work frequencies

    模擬結果表明，基於神經網路觀測器的故障診斷方法在系統正常工作頻率范圍之內，不受系統輸入類型和故障的類型的影響，只要故障對系統的特性發生影響（系統參數漂移3 ） ，通過神經網路觀測器的殘差判別函數可以診斷出故障。
  14. Based on result of the multiple objective optimization, this dissertation investigates the multiple objective decision of mixed - model flow m anufacturing system. in allusion to the pareto frontier, in terms to the assistant information of decision schemes, the preference of objectives, the preference of decision schemes, individual decision - making and group decision - making are gained through the measure function, 0 - 1 programming and relative entropy combining with subjective and objective factors

    在多目標優化的基礎上，研究了混合流水生產系統的多目標決策問題，針對多目標協同優化得到的pareto前端，依據決策方案的輔助信息、對指標有偏好的信息以及對決策方案有偏好的信息等，採用測度函數、 0 - 1規劃方法以及相對熵的方法，結合主客觀因素進行多目標個體決策和群體決策，把多目標優化與多目標決策聯系起來。
  15. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  16. The advantage is that it can be used to directly calculate the real physics quantities in an economic way. in this way, we need n ' t perform the analytical continuation from the result in the itf. this new rule has the following property ; the vertex is only related with the coupling constant and independent of the orientation of the momenta, one half of the vertex components vanish

    它的優點在於能直接計算與實際物理相關的觀測量，不用象虛時溫度場論中做計算后再作解析延拓，使得計算得到一定的簡化，並具有如下特點：頂角函數只與耦合常數相關，獨立於外線動量方向，而且一半的分量為零。
  17. The conclusion of this authentic proof research ai. - enlightenment : ( 1 ) in the suitable environment that the substance of the cai in mathematics teaching is student at the modern technology of utilization founded, in the supervising down of first cognition of mathematics, by way of self explores, the mathematics cognition activity of the establishment mentality idea correctly ; ( 2 ) found suitable teaching and the study environment, that is the key of cai gaining success, and reasonably uses the computer medium can help student ' s establishment correctly proper mentality idea ; ( 3 ) how to reasonably scientifically solve the different of man and women in cai is a main obstacle that all students must face the cai ; ( 4 ) the keys which good effect will be gained in the cai are : teacher will change the concept and be brave in exploring in the practice ; the conception which takes students as the center and draw on it to direct the using of education technology

    為此，本實驗先選取桂林中學高一四個班作為實驗和調查對象，採取四種不同的教學模式（講授法、 cai法、自主cai 、幾何畫板法）進行「二次函數在給定區間上的最值」內容的教學，然後對測試和調查結果進行分析，揭示課堂教學中計算機輔助教學的學習心理機制；二是學生應用計算機進行探究性學習的認知心理機制的研究。通過對學生歷時一個半月的自主學習的觀察及最終測試的分析，探索計算機的應用對學生認知心理的影響。本研究的結論與啟示： （ 1 ）計算機輔助數學教學的實質是學生在利用現代技術創設的一個合適環境中，通過自己的探索，建立正確的心理表象的數學認知活動。
  18. Comparing with the current observations, which include the number density distribution in space, mass function, etc., the so - called standard modes for both the power law and gaussian cluster initial mass functions are selected among many runs of simulations. the deviation from the standard modes, which is resulted from the change of the parameter for the initial conditions, is discussed in detail. the discussion of the model parameters is also presented although they are adopted as the typical values based on previous work

    對應一定的初始分佈我們發現無論是冪律的還是對數高斯的球狀星團初始質量譜經過長時間的動力學演化都會得到和現在銀河系觀測到的球狀星團系統相符的對數高斯的質量分佈；動力學演化會明顯地改變球狀星團系統的空間密度分佈，靠近銀心區域的球狀星團瓦解得更多；經過動力學演化后的球狀星團速度分佈函數在靠近銀心的區域明顯得不同於初始分佈，初始擁有較大軌道偏心率的球狀星團更容易瓦解。
  19. The paper contains two segments : static and dynamic detection, evaluation and alteration. static monitoring contains apparent and load detection. the model of multi - layer fuzzy evaluation and the bridge using capability grade membership function are used in the appraisal of the bridge technical condition of the highroad criterion technic and maintenance, and then the data and excel of the bridge compontents. the bridge grade membership function can be deduced from the factor theory domain. grade theory domain and the bridge using capacity grade membership function, then by baseding the connection of weigh and factor judgement matrix and judging gradually, finally the bridge comprehensive evaluation synthetical judging grade will be figured out

    在表觀檢測中將多層次模糊評價模型和橋梁使用性能等級隸屬函數引入《公路技術養護規范》中的橋梁技術狀況等級評定中，並對此規范中的橋梁部件缺損狀況評定狀況進行修正；通過建立因素論域、等級論域以及根據王光遠教授提出的利用典型函數形式來建立橋梁使用性能等級隸屬函數，通過權重和因素評判矩陣的關系來運算，逐級評判，最終求出橋梁綜合評判等級。
  20. In this paper, we study a new method of automatic detection of target course - altering maneuvers based on a linear measurable function of bearings varying with time when the target travels on a straight line at a constant speed

    摘要根據觀測器目標保持勻速直線運動時目標方位隨時間線性變化的一種可量測函數，研究了一種檢測目標轉向機動的新方法。
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