誤差符號 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [chāháo]
誤差符號 英文
error symbol
  • : Ⅰ名詞(錯誤) mistake; error Ⅱ動詞1 (弄錯) mistake; misunderstand 2 (耽誤) miss 3 (使受損害...
  • : 差Ⅰ名詞1 (不相同; 不相合) difference; dissimilarity 2 (差錯) mistake 3 [數學] (差數) differ...
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (符節) tally (with two halves made of wood bamboo jade metal issued by a ruler to gener...
  • : 號Ⅰ名1 (名稱) name 2 (別號; 字) assumed name; alternative name3 (商店) business house 4 (...
  • 誤差 : error
  • 符號 : 1 (記號; 標記) character; sign; symbol; mark; code; notation; expression; denotation; sentinel ...
  1. And then facing the problem of the channel estimation of the adaptive modulation system, we conclude out the channel estimation algorithms on maximum likelihood ( ml ) estimation and maximum a posteriori ( map ) estimation under the condition of flat fading channel and selective fading channel in detail. to meet flat fading channel, we simulate the relationship of the ratio between the error covariance in map estimation and ml estimation and pilot symbol message length. the conclusion can be drawn from these results

    接著,對自適應調制系統中的通道估計問題難點,詳細推導了平衰落通道條件下和選擇性衰落通道條件下最大似然( ml )估計和最大后驗概率( map )估計演算法,針對平衰落通道,我們模擬了map估計和ml估計的方與導頻長度的關系,模擬結果表明,錯受多譜勒頻率的變化影響最大,並且對實際的自適應調制系統,導頻長度的取值超過20個長度時, map通道估計明顯優于ml通道估計。
  2. For example, carrier frequency offsets, which are caused by the inherent instabilities of the transmitter and receiver carrier frequency oscillators, can lead to severe system degradation due to inter - carrier interference ( ici ). symbol timing synchronization must also be achieved in order to avoid inter - symbol interference ( isi )

    其載波頻率會引入子通道之間的干擾( ici ) ,而幀同步的會引入間干擾( isi ) ,同時還會對通道估計帶來嚴重的影響。
  3. The future wireless mobile communication systems are expected to provide ubiquitous, high - quality, and high - rate mobile multimedia transmission. however, hostile multipath fading radio conditions give rise to serious inter - symbol interference ( isi ) ; even worse, wireless channel are often time varying, which makes the system more vulnerable and more difficult to track the channel state. orthogonal frequency dvision multiplexing ( ofdm ), which is inherently resistant against isi, has invoked a popular research interest in recent years, and has been a promising candidate technology of the physical layer for future weideband high - date - rate wireless communications. notwithstanding, ofdm is much more vulnerable to errors of both time and frequency synchronization and to that of channel estimation, and how to obtain correct timing and channel estimation efficiently is highly critical to ofdm systems. the dissertation will focus on both of the aspects of ofdm systems mentioned above

    但是無線環境的多徑特性造成通信系統中嚴重的間干擾,同時無線通道的時變性使得通道特性跟蹤復雜。而正交頻分復用技術( orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing , ofdm )正是一種解決間干擾的有效傳輸手段,因此ofdm技術作為未來寬帶高速率無線通信的物理層候選技術在當前引起了一股研究熱潮。但ofdm系統對定時同步和通道估計非常敏感,如何在ofdm系統中準確快速地實現同步和通道估計是至關重要的,本論文將重點針對這兩個問題進行討論。
  4. But the original blast algorithm has a very high computational cost because of the nulling and cancellation step. on the other hand, the algorithm also needs an optimal detection ordering to restrain the effect of error propagation and improve the detection reliability

    常規blast演算法由於需要進行大量的線性迫零(矩陣求逆)和串列刪除等運算,計算復雜度非常高,另一方面,演算法還需要尋找最優的信檢測順序來消除傳遞的影響。
  5. Abstract : an imidazole - catalyzed acylation method of phthalic anhydride is applied to the determination of hydroxyl values of reinforcing agent is211. the analytical error is 5. 0 10 - 3. the relative standard deviation of the method is less than 0. 04 and its coefficient of variation is not more than 5. 0 10 - 3. hydroxyl values determined in different batch samples meet the design requirement completely. this method is rapid and simple, it is adaptable to conventional analysis

    文摘:以咪唑催化鄰苯二甲酸酐酰化的方法測定增強劑is211的羥值,準確度高,分析為5 . 0 10 - 3 ;方法精密度好,標準偏小於0 . 4 ,變異系數不大於5 . 0 10 - 3 ,測定不同批試樣的羥值完全合商標值,方法快速、簡便,適用於常規分析。
  6. By applying dwt and mallat in wavelet analysis, the oscillation signal of active power on transmission line is decomposed and reconstructed ; the strategy of upfc ' s secondary control based on wavelet is proposed by using the reconstructed active power as input signal. simulation results verify the efficiency of damping subsequent swing quickly under serious power oscillation circumstance that is hard to damp by ordinary upfc controller. the system dynamic stability is apparently enhanced

    針對系統功率波動頻率較高情況下upfc對系統后續擺穩定的控製作用難以得到充分發揮的情況,採用小波分析的mallat塔式演算法對系統功率波動信進行分解,並基於mallat塔式重構演算法的思想濾除了信的冗餘擾動成份,尋找到一個高壓縮比、低相對的重構功率信,從而使其能夠合upfc實際控制需要。
  7. We propose a combined slf method to extrapolate feeder load growth by using feeder ' s history peak value and the merits of gray theory and genetic programming ( gp ). at first, we adopt load transfer coupling method to correct load history and its error for load transfer. secondly, we get the real power - supply area by using layer overlap analysis, based on practical feeder path and distribution gis map layer

    將gis的空間信息分析功能應用於配網空間負荷預測的研究:綜合利用灰色理論及遺傳規劃( geneticprogramming , gp )的優點,提出了一種根據饋線的歷史峰值負荷進行外推的組合slf法:首先採用負荷耦合回歸法來修正負荷歷史,消除由於負荷轉移引起的;然後根據實際饋線路徑和配網gis圖形分層,運用圖層疊加分析得到饋線的實際供電范圍;接著採用灰色關聯度聚類方法對饋線負荷增長曲線進行聚類分析;最後採用gp來對灰色聚類結果進行回歸,分別得到每一類曲線的最佳擬合曲線形式。
  8. Chapter 7 introduces and analyzes some timing error detection and feed - forward timing recovery algorithms for gmsk signal. the auto - correlation method is improved by using a post - filter. simulation results show that the improved method has better estimation accuracy

    首先分析比較了常見的gmsk同步的定時檢測器演算法和前向定時參數估計演算法,並用后濾波的方法對定時參數估計的自相關法提出了改進,提高了演算法的估計精度。
  9. In this proposed algorithm, the phase rotation can be compensated using higher order statistics, nonlinear transform of equalizer outputs, and decision feedback algorithm, the faster convergent speed can be obtained by introducing sign algorithm, and the mse can be reduced via employing decision feedback equalization algorithm

    該演算法充分利用高階統計量所包含的相位信息、均衡器輸出信息的非線性變換及判決反饋演算法來補償相位旋轉;利用演算法可以減少計算量的特點來加快收斂速度;利用判決反饋濾波器的性能來減小均衡器輸出的均方
  10. For greatly overcoming the carrier phase rotation resulting from multipath underwater acoustic channel and large mean square error ( mse ) at convergent end of linear equalizer ( le ) based on higher order statistics, statistical equalization criterion based blind linear sign decision feedback equalizer ( lsdfe ) was proposed

    摘要為了克服多途水聲通道引起信的相位旋轉及基於高階統計量的線性均衡器( le )收斂后均方大的不足,提出了基於統計特性均衡準則的線性判決反饋盲均衡演算法。
  11. The distribution gis data management methods and its application in distribution running are systematically researched, which compose distribution gis network topology analysis ( nta ) and optimal rush - maintain path ( orp ), and distribution planning, which composes distribution spatial load forecasting ( slf ) : ( 1 ) with systematic analysis on the relationship between spatial data model and spatial data structure, the distribution feature and the two common gis data models are analyzed, which are vector and raster data models. then the conceptual and logic data models of distribution gis are designed. the spatial data storage structure is given by using vector method, and their detailed data management methods are proposed

    ( 4 )將gis的空間信息分析功能應用於配網空間負荷預測( saptialloadforecasting , slf )的研究:綜合利用灰色理論及遺傳規劃的優點,提出了一種根據饋線的歷史峰值負荷進行外推的組合slf法:首先採用負荷轉移耦合法來修正負荷歷史,消除由於負荷轉移引起的;然後根據實際饋線路徑和配網gis圖形分層,運用圖層疊加分析得到饋線的實際供電范圍;接著採用灰色關聯度聚類方法對饋線負荷增長曲線進行聚類分析;最後採用遺傳規劃來對灰色聚類結果進行回歸,分別得到每一類曲線的最佳擬合曲線形式。
  12. For symbol synchronization, a filtering and squaring algorithm of estimating the timing error has been introduced, and a method to improve the accuracy of estimated data has been presented, then two signal interpolation filter have been analyzed, one is fir interpolation filter, another is cubic interpolation filter

    對于全數字接收機中定時的恢復,先介紹了一種濾波平方后求定時估值的演算法以及一種提高該演算法估值性能的改進方法,接著介紹了糾正定時的fir插值濾波器和立方插值濾波器。
  13. And it presents an estimation method for frequency difference by means of data synchronization selecting the time window of afc frequency difference estimation hi order to solve the problem that data symbol transition induces an enormous error of frequency difference estimation

    針對afc頻估計中數據突變引起頻估計較大的問題,提出了利用數據同步對afc頻估計時間窗口選擇的afc頻估計方法。
  14. Based on analysis of synchronization techniques in ofdm, this dissertation present a ml arithmetic to estimate time and frequency offset using symmetrical & conjugate prefix. the correlation peak of likelihood function curve is very sharp according this arithmetic, so the symbol synchronization by this arithmetic is exacter than that by general arithmetic using cycle prefix

    文中在全面分析ofdm同步技術的基礎上,提出了利用對稱共軛前綴的最大似然估計法來進行定時和頻偏估計,相對于傳統的利用循環前綴的最大似然演算法,這里提出的演算法可以獲得尖銳的相關圖樣,定時精度高,頻偏估計小。
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