豎向速度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shùxiàngsùdù]
豎向速度
英文
vertical velocity-
Well, while things stood thus, suddenly the hispaniola struck, staggered, ground for an instant in the sand, and then, swift as a blow, canted over to the port side, till the deck stood at an angle of forty - five degrees, and about a puncheon of water splashed into the scupper holes, and lay, in a pool, between the deck and bulwark
就在這種情況下，伊斯班裊拉號突然一震，搖搖晃晃沖上淺灘，船底擦到了沙地上，船身迅速地向左舷傾斜，直到甲板成四十五度角豎了起來，大約有一百加侖的水從排水孔涌進來，在甲板和舷墻之間形成了一個水池子。In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively
本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。Through discussion of numerical solution, the author get the effect of height of filled soil, size of culvert, width of valley, property of filled soil, construction procedure and techniques on soil stress of the culvert top ; 3. through the centrifuge test, the paper validates the reliability of numerical calculating on high - stack soil ; 4. the paper puts forward the simplified calculating method of soil stress of the culvert top on the foundation of numerical simulating and centrifuge modeling
通過對數值解的討論，得到填土高度，涵洞截面尺寸，溝谷底部寬度，溝壁坡角，填築體性狀，施工速度，地下水對豎向位移場及涵洞頂部土壓力的影響情況； 3通過離心機的模擬試驗，驗證了數值計算對高路堤的計算結果的可靠性； 4在數值模擬和室內離心機模型試驗的基礎上，提出了高填方涵洞頂部土壓力簡化計算方法。The vertical spread of fire along the external wall is affected not only by the building - height and window dimensions, but also by the protrude components such as balcony, windowsill and fireproof eave, etc. the balcony is an important part of buildings and used widely
火焰沿外墻面豎直向上的傳播速度，不僅要受到建築高度、開窗尺寸的影響，而且還受到墻外凸出構件，如陽臺、窗臺、防火挑檐等因素的影響。陽臺是建築物的重要組成部分，運用普遍。It is also shown that the buckling failure of the rigid wall arises easier from the horizontal seismic ground motion than from the vertical one, therefore the elephant foot bulging deformation is also easier produced
在完全相同地震加速度作用下，水平地震作用比豎向地震作用罐壁更早更容易進人屈曲狀態，產生「象足」變形。In addition, effects of several factors such as local site conditions, focal mechanism, epicentral distance and seismic magnitude on these parameters are discussed, and several significative results and conclusions are obtained. in all records there are about 1 / 3 vertical ground motion ’ s peak acceleration bigger than 2 / 3 of the corresponding horizontal one, so the action of vertical ground motion should not to be underestimated. vertical design response spectrum equals that the horizontal design response spectra times 65 % is probably unsafe when period is short, and suggest adopting different coefficients when at different periods
本文基於對大量歐洲強震記錄的研究，分析了地震動豎向與水平向分量在峰值加速度、反應譜值、頻譜周期等參數方面的差異，以及這些參數與場地、震源機制、震級和震中距的關系，得到了以下有意義的結果和結論:在本文分析的地震記錄中大約1 / 3的記錄加速度峰值比大於2 / 3 ，豎向地震動分量的作用不可低估;在短周期，豎向地震動影響系數的最大值僅取為水平向地震動影響系數最大值的65 %是偏於不安全的，可以考慮按周期分段採用不同的折減系數;我國現行抗震規范中設計反應譜特徵周期的取值偏低，可能是偏於不安全的;豎向與水平向地震動分量卓越周期的比值在0 . 7 - 0 . 9之間，豎向設計反應譜的特徵周期應有單獨規定。With the consideration of the vertical wave effect of soil and soil - pile interaction, an approximate analytical solution to vertical vibration of pile system with variable impedance in visco - elastic layered soil is developed. a simplified and practical mathematical model for interaction between soil layers is proposed, and its applicability is theoretically investigated. based on this model and by using laplace transforms and the transmit property of impedance function, the analytical expression of the impedance function and solutions of the displacement and velocity response function in frequency domain and in time domain at the pile head are derived
4 、從三維軸對稱土模型出發，對考慮樁土耦合作用、土層層間聯系以及樁周土豎向應力梯度變化條件下的成層粘彈性土中完整樁及變阻抗樁系統縱向振動問題進行了研究，提出了成層土中變阻抗樁系統縱向振動問題的近似解析解法和樁周土層層間相互作用的簡化而實用的數學模型，並利用拉氏變換和阻抗函數的傳遞性，獲得了成層土中任意段變阻抗樁樁頂阻抗函數的解析表達式，以及樁頂速度導納和時域速度響應解析解和半解析解。During the low strain dynamic test of the foundation pile, the adoption of the velocity sensor to the direct measurement of the relative displacement of the pile head is helpful to reducing the improper dependence upon the measured intrinsic frequency valuesof the pile soil system in calculating vertical bearing capacity of the single pile, and is hence conducive to raising the accuracy of the calculated vertical bearing capacity of the single pile
基樁低應變動測中，採用速度傳感器直接測出樁頭的相對位移，在推算單樁豎向承載力時，有助於降低對樁土體系固有頻率測定值的過分依賴，從而有利於提高單樁豎向承載力推算值的準確程度。By using airport runway pavement assessment software, the author simulates the vertical acceleration and dynamic load while an aircraft is taxing on two different - roughness runway pavements, and analyzes the impact of runway pavement roughness on aircraft operation on the basis of the result of simulation
藉助機場道面平整度評估軟體，對飛機在兩種平整度不同的跑道上滑行時的豎向加速度和動載進行了模擬，並根據模擬結果分析了跑道道面平整度對飛機運行的影響。The analysis is developed in three aspects ? amplitude, frequency and duration, accordingly, the contents of this paper can be divided into three parts. in the end of each part, a summary is given
以及日本宮城縣北部hosokura礦的24個地震動峰值加速度數據，包括192組加速度峰值，其中每組峰值包括兩個水平分量和一個豎向分量。With the input of a vibration acceleration history of subway train, a full dynamic analysis of soil - pile - structure is carried out. the propagation of vibration wave on the ground and vibration responses of the huge platform and the storied buildings are analyzed. some conclusions are drawn as follows : ( 1 ) with the increase of the distance to the vibration source, vibration intensity of the ground decreases ; ( 2 ) the vibration intensity of the ground in vertical direction is slightly larger than that in horizontal direction ; ( 3 ) with the increase of the distance to the vibration source, the situation that the vibration intensity of each building in horizontal direction is maximum at highest and lowest story whereas minimum at the middle story changes gradually to that decreasing with the height of building ; ( 4 ) in vertical direction, the vibration velocities and accelerations at the end points of each story of a building are the nominal identical, which indicates that the vertical vibration of them is unanimous ; ( 5 ) the vibration intensity in vertical direction of a building is larger than that in horizontal direction ; ( 6 ) increasing of the elasticity of track is an effective way to abate vibration of ground and buildings
本文以北京地鐵八王墳車輛段地上超大結構（車輛段大平臺及其上的小區樓房）及其地基基礎為研究對象，在研究和分析有關資料的基礎上，用快速拉格朗日有限差分法軟體flac建立了二維數值分析模型，並以列車振動加速度時程作為模型輸入，進行了地基?樁基礎?地上結構的整體動力學分析，分析了地鐵列車運行產生的振動在地面的傳播規律及其對地上結構的影響，得到了如下結論： （ 1 ）隨著與地鐵線路距離的增大，地面的振動強度有減小的趨勢； （ 2 ）地面豎直方向的振動強度較之水平方向的略大； （ 3 ）隨著與振源距離的增大，在水平方向上，地上各幢樓房的振動強度由底層和頂層的最大、中間層的最小逐漸過渡到沿樓層增高而減小； （ 4 ）在豎直方向上，每幢樓各層端點的振動速度、加速度完全相同，表明樓房各層在豎直方向上的運動狀態一致； （ 5 ）各幢樓房豎直方向的振動強度比水平方向的大； （ 6 ）增加軌道彈性是減輕地面和地上建築振動的有效途徑。In this part, pga, pgv and pgd are studied, the main results are as follows : 1 ) in general, pga decrease with depth and can reach maximum at surface ; the pga ratio with depth of downhole / surface is affected by magnitude and ground pga value, the bigger the magnitude and pga value, the smaller the pga decrement with depth ; the decrement with depth is much more significant in near - surface than that in deep downhole
加速度峰值沿深度的變化與地震的大小和場地條件有關。對于土層場地，一般說來，隨著震級和地表pga的增大，加速度峰值沿深度的下降梯度減小。對于「土層基巖」型場地，基巖面處的水平分量約是地表的1 3 . 7 ，豎向分量約是地表的1 3 . 2 。After the lode disappearance, the stress of each calculation point in the road diminishes quickly, particularly the verticial stress
當載荷消失后，路面內各計算點的應力值迅速減小，尤其豎向應力減小幅度更大。Researches on the spread of flame along the external wall of a high - rise building in fires have been carried into execution abroad for many years, such as in america and japan. however, it ’ s still blank in our country in this field
在高層建築火災中，火焰沿著外墻面，豎直向上傳播速度的實驗及理論研究，在國外，如美國和日本等國家已經進行了多年，而我國在這方面的研究還是一項空白。There are two parts in this paper. the first part studies the deformation behavior of soft soil under embankment by laboratory model test. in the tests, we mainly considered a few factors, such as depth of soft soil, the magnitude and rate of loading, and its slope angle etc, which effected on the deformation of soft - soil foundation
本文分為兩個部分，第一部分是通過室內模型試驗對路堤下軟土地基的變形特性進行了再認識，在試驗中考慮了軟土層的厚度、荷載大小和加荷速率以及軟土層的傾斜等幾個因素對軟土地基的側向變形和豎向變形的影響。分享友人