象差常數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiàngchāchángshǔ]
象差常數 英文
aberration constant
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  1. This novel method has good operational easiness and keeps the consistency problem simpler than mre by enforcing unidirectional map between entities in different r esolutions. currently most parallel and distributed simulation system design employ different modeling methodology and tools in simulation modeling and simulation software system design

    當前大多數pads系統的模擬建模通常使用專用的模擬語言或庫來描述模擬對象的行為和關系，這樣在不同建模框架中建立的模擬模型彼此間缺乏通用性，因而可重用性也較差。
  2. To quite some degree, we can say that the conflicts of regional economic development process of our country display primarily in two aspects : one is the question of development gap and respect building among regions, the other is an unmoral appearance of economics connection among regions

    摘要通過變異系數分析和結構相似系數的分析，可以在相當的程度上說明，我國目前在區域經濟發展過程中存在的沖突主要體現在兩個方面：區域間的發展差距問題和重復建設與區域間經濟聯系的不正常現象。
  3. 21 pajarola r, sainz m, lario r. extreme splatting : external memory multiresolution point visualization. department of computer science, university of california irvine, 2004, uci - ics - 04 - 14. 22 airey j m, rohlf j h, brooks f p jr. towards image realism with interactive update rates in complex virtual building environments

    二是考察各個層次結點的幾何誤差情況，並為每種幾何誤差記錄序列中最先滿足該誤差要求的層次片段，以便成象時能很快剔除太粗糙的點數據，這對于模型的近距離成象是非常有用的。
  4. The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either

    在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。
  5. Based on rain drop size distribution ( dsd ) data measured in qingdao, guangzhou and xinxiang, the radar reflectivity factor z for spherical rain drops, the radar reflectivity factor zh and differential reflectivity zdr for oblate ellipsoid rain drops have been calculated. the relation of reflectivity and rainfall rate for conventional meteorological radar and the relation of reflectivity, differential reflectivity and rainfall rate for multiparameter radar are regressed, the performance difference of two kinds of radar for measuring rainfall and difference for measuring rainfall in different regions are also discussed

    基於我國青島、廣州和新鄉地區雨滴尺寸分佈數據，計算了球形雨滴雷達反射因子，橢球形雨滴雷達水平極化反射因子和差分反射率，回歸給出了這些地區的常規氣象雷達反射因子與降雨率的經驗關系和多參數雷達水下極化雷達反射因子、差分反射率和降雨率關系，並對其測雨精度和地區差異進行了比較。
  6. Common pd in graph language learning mainly showed in complete conclusion direct perception to the graphs through senses and inaccurate mastering to maths information. for the sake of convenience of study, we divide pd in ml learning into pd caused lay conventional thinking and pd produced in process. on the basis of document researching, we analyse the relevant factors which result in pd caused by conventional thinking, contaning : 1

    在感知過程中，造成心理偏差的因素主要有視覺、感知經驗、數學語言細節、數學語言差異、數學語一言的變式;在信息加工的過程中造成心理偏差的因素主要有概念表象、數學語一言的形式化程度、縮句、日常概念、元語言、數學語言的形成過程。
  7. According to different water phenomena, we use two different method to produce waves source : the first method is by specifying the boundary conditions and initialization conditions, this method simulate the dam breaking, reflection and diffraction of water waves ; the second method is by specifying disturbance model, this method simulate water droplets, waterfall, waves of ship ; in the first part of this thesis, we discuss the prevalent methods of the simulation of water scenes, in the second part of this thesis, we describe the numerical methods of solving the shallow water equations using the finite difference method and the finite volume method respectively, in the third part of this thesis, we simulate some realistically liquid phenomena such as rain droplets, the waves of ship, dam breaking etc

    產生水波首先要有波源，設置不同的波源便可以得到不同的水流情形，我們用兩種方法來產生波源：一種是通過設置邊界條件和初始條件產生，這種方法用於模擬潰壩波的反射、折射等現象；另一種是通過擾動控制產生，這種方法用於模擬雨滴、瀑布、船波等自然現象。本論文的第一部分我們討論了目前水動畫模擬常用的幾種方法；在第二部分討論了我們所使用的兩類數值方法：有限差分方法和有限體積方法；在第三部分我們模擬了雨滴、船波、潰壩波等一些水流現象。
  8. To pick up the convergence speed of traditional genetic algorithm, a modified genetic algorithm is presented, which is based on subsection integer coding, combining stable - state selection strategy with inequality individual and scaling, adaptive recombination according to gene sufficiency, self - adaptive variable step and multi - gene mutation

    將兩幅圖象重疊區域的歸一化差圖象作為搜索空間，定義一個與圖象高相等維數的向量作為染色體，染色體的基因表示每一行圖象中的最優拼接點，採用常用的最小值搜索適應度函數作為視差圖像拼縫搜索的適應度函數。
  9. There are many plants that have the character of time - varying, large delay, large inertia in the process of production of modern power station such as the superheated steam temperature, the reheated steam temperature, the water treatment of boiler and the load regulation. some of them have the strong character of nonlinear and some of them are multivariable coupling systems it is very difficult to obtain good effect of control by conventional pid control. it is necessary to set up the mathematics models of controlled plants if applying control means of modern control theory such as self - adaptive control, optimal control ， decoupling control and predictive control. and these control systems have large calculation and bad character of real time in general. these disadvantages make them be not able to meet the need of real production process and limit the application of them in modern power station. now the generator units are developing towards large capacity and high parameters. many new kinds of generating electricity means are coming into being. the characers of production units of power station become more and more complex but the demand to quality of control becomes more and more strict. the new control means are in bad need to control them effectively

    現代電站的生產過程中存在過熱汽溫、再熱汽溫、鍋爐水處理、負荷調節等許多大遲延、大滯后、特性時變的對象，它們中有些還是具有強非線性特性的對象或多變量耦合系統，採用常規的pid控制手段很難取得良好的控制效果。若應用現代控制理論中的自適應控制、最優控制、解耦控制、預測控制等控制手段，則需要建立被控對象的數學模型，而且往往控制系統的計算量大、實時性差。這些缺點使其很難滿足實際生產過程的需要從而極大地限制了其在現代電站中的應用。
  10. The establishment of gear fault data warehouse the paper studies several gear cases in drive lab of wuhan university of science and technology. the signal of normal gear pair, the one has been worn seriously, the one which has circular pitch error and the one whose pinion has a ruptured tooth is acquired independently. after fft transformation, the amplitude values of 0 - 0. 4 multiple engage frequency, 0. 4 - 0. 5 multiple engage frequency, 0. 5 - 1 multiple engage frequency, 1 multiple engage frequency, 2 multiple engage frequency, 3 multiple engage frequency, 4 multiple engage frequency and greater then 4 multiple engage frequency of every signal are obtained respectively

    論文主要完成下列內容: 1 .齒輪故障數據倉庫的建立以武漢科技大學傳動實驗室的若干臺齒輪箱為研究對象，分別採集正常齒輪副、磨損嚴重的齒輪副、有周節誤差的齒輪副和小齒輪有一個斷齒的齒輪副的振動加速度信號，經過fft變換，分別得到每個信號的0 ~ 0 . 4倍嚙合頻率、 0 . 4 ~ 0 . 5倍嚙合頻率、 0 . 5 ~ 1倍嚙合頻率、 1倍嚙合頻率、 2倍嚙合頻率、 3倍嚙合頻率、 4倍嚙合頻率和大於4倍嚙合頻率幅值。
  11. In general, the upward amplitude curve " curvature is larger, and it changes quicker. on the contrary, the downward is smaller and slower ; because the flare force contains the square of the wave elevation velocity, it results in an difference between the flare force frequence and the associated moving frequence ; the flare force decreases the downward amplitude of heaving oscillations ; the speed of ship has an ignorant effect on the peak values of three calculated values, but there is an obvious effect on the oscillating frequence ; the wave amplitude has an effect on the ship motion, and there is an linear relation between the oscillating amplitude and the wave amplitude on the whole. by the way, there are some experiences and lessons according to the progress calculation : before the calculation of the ship motion, we should checkout the balance in a calm water firstly, namely, the whole displace of ship and the longitudinal position of the center of gravity must be consistent with the draft in calm water, or else, the calculation may show the " floating " phenomenon ; the mixed language programming has a lot of virtues, but it exists a fatal limitation - the debug of dll

    研究表明：在某些頻率范圍內相關水動力系數基本不隨吃水變化，只有超過某一頻率后水動力系數的值才會出現差異；在橫搖方向，水動力系數並沒有隨著吃水的變化發生規則變化，而是出現了波動現象；近船首剖面的水動力系數計算表明，水動力系數的波動非常大，並遠遠偏離了平均位置的水動力系數值，值的變化速率也不盡相同，總的看來，上振幅曲線曲率較大，變化較快，下振幅曲線曲率較小，變化較慢；外飄力和波面運動的速度的平方項有關，導致其振動頻率和相應運動方向的頻率不同；外飄力使升沉向下運動的幅值減小；船速對三個計算量的峰值影響甚微，但對振動頻率有明顯影響；波幅對船舶運動的影響是明顯的，船舶運動的幅值基本上和波幅成線性關系。
  12. By taking advantage of parallel lines and orthogonal lines in architecture, the camera internal parameters, rotation and translation can be recovered from a set of un - calibrated images via computing absolute conic and vanishing points. the euclidean 3d model of architecture ( up to a scale factor ) can be recovered too

    利用建築物中常見的平行直線和正交直線等特點，通過絕對二次曲線和消影點等射影幾何量的計算，可以從圖象中恢復攝像機的內參數、旋轉和平移位置，同時恢復建築物的三維歐氏幾何模型（相差一個尺度因子） 。
  13. Algorithms of video segmentation that are good adaptive character and real time are crucial to the final mpeg 4 coding products there exist the contributions in this dissertation as follows obtaining the edge of video objects is crucial to the video segmentation, author researches the features of human being visual, especially giving a description of mach band that is usually used in the image processing, and builds a model of mathematics, researching the mach band of color image

    （ 1 ）視頻分割的關鍵是獲得視頻對象的邊界，邊緣檢測很重要，本論文以人類的視覺系統的特性為出發點，對圖像處理中經常應用的馬赫帶現象進行了詳盡的分析並進行了數學建模，研究分析了彩色圖像的馬赫帶現象。在對馬赫帶圖像分析的基礎上，得出了人類視覺系統對圖像邊緣能識別的最小灰度差和彩色差曲線。
  14. Regional difference in lower - level temperature dv is a climatic phenomenon that often emerges in this wet season of east asia. the effect of nanling ridge on the dv of llj is conducted in terms of mm5v3. 5

    氣候分析表明低層溫度場日變化的區域性差異是東亞梅雨季節經常存在的一種氣候現象。利用非靜力中尺度數值模式mm5v3 . 5成功地模擬了「 98
  15. Several influence factors to result plasma drift in hainan were analyzed. in this paper the characteristics of ionospheric parameters variation were analyzed systematically and some new results in storm - time such as seasonal behaviors were obtained ; it is the first time to investigate the ionospheric drift behavior in hainan and some new results was obtained, the relationships between each two plasma drift velocity components in storm time in hainan were found and the electric filed variation in hainan ionosphere also was obtained ; the results also show that there are big differences of the ionosphere parameters bo and bl obtained from the data with that obtained from the iri - 2001 applied for hainan ; a new phenomena was found during a strong magnetic storm, that a layer with very strong electron density and density grad was found during the recovery phase of the storm, its horizontal scale is beyond 100km and temporal scale is about 2 hours, this phenomena repeated 3 times continuously. a type of negative disturbance in high and low latitude but positive disturbance in east - asia also has been found

    本文較為系統地給出了海南地區電離層的參數變化特徵，特別是得到了一些暴時與以往不同的季節特性；第一次給出了海南地區的電離層等離子體漂移特徵，發現等離子體漂移暴時擾動在三個方向上有內在的聯系，得到了電場變化曲線；研究結果還表明海南電離層的半厚指數和形狀參數等與國際參考電離層iri - 2001存在很大差別；通過對強磁擾動事件期間的參數變化特性分析發現，在磁暴恢復相期間海南地區電離層底部存在一個電子密度非常大的高密度區，高密度區底部電子密度梯度隨高度急劇增加，該區域的水平尺度可達100公里以上時間尺度約為2小時，連續出現過三次，這是一個在海南從來未發現的新現象；研究還發現了暴時東亞地區電離層擾動會出現高低緯負相而中緯正相的現象。
  16. Common pd in signal language learning mainly showed in the following : ca n ' t understand the objects the mathematics signals represent ; scare of extensive cognition to the mathematics objects which mathematics signals represent. do n ' t understand the meaning expressed by signal language. the same signal forms can express different meanings, and different signal forms can express the same meaning, if student separate signal language from its maths meaning contained in it, the ml they mastered is a kind of signal game without any meaning ; not mastering various forms of signal language ( signal language has many equal forms ) or only mastering one kind or several kinds forms, the cognition to signals are not enough

    符號語言學習的常見心理偏差主要表現存不能理解數學符號代表的對象，缺乏對數學符號所表示的數學對象的廣泛性的認識；不明白符號語言表達的含義，如果將符號語言與所表達的數學含義相脫離，學生所掌握的數學語言就是毫無意義的符號游戲；掌握不了符號語言的各種變化形式，符號語言有許多的等價形式，如果只是掌握其中的一種或幾種形式，對它的認識將不夠充分。
  17. In chapter one, we propose a new mixed method called characteristics mixed finite element method for a convection - dominated diffusion problems with small parameter e : we handle the convection part whth backward difference scheme along the characteristics, obtain much smaller time - trunction errors and avoid numerical dispersion on the front of the peak curve of the flow : we use a lowest order mixed finite element method to deal with the diffusion part, so this scheme can approximate the unknow function and its following vector with high accuracy at the same time

    第一章中我們對小參數對流占優擴散問題提出了新的數值方法? ?特徵混合有限元方法，即對方程的對流部分採用沿特徵線的後退差分格式求解，以保證較小的截斷誤差限並避免了在流動的鋒線前沿數值彌散現象的出現；對流動的擴散部分採用最低次混合元方法求解，以保證格式對未知函數及伴隨向量的同時高精度逼近。由於該方法中檢驗函數可取分片常數，此格式在某種意義上具有局部守恆性質。
  18. And use relative fitting error to measure statistical data non - uniform error ; then introduce the method systematically of using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to carry on the overall superior test of the government statistical data quality. includes the establishment of step level appraisal target system, target weight determination, calculates the factor weight in various levels, uniform test of judgment matrix, and built up the final fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of the government statistical data quality according to the above - mentioned standard ; finally selects the partial main social economy total quantity target from chinese statistics yearbook 2003 to carry on the real diagnosis analysis : ( 1 ) confirm these social economy total quantity targets using the description statistics and the k - s inspection method to obey the lognormal normal distribution. ( 2 ) according to the two levels of inspection methods which this article proposed to carry on accuracy and the overall superior test for these social economy total quantity targets

    本文首先從統計數據及質量的涵義出發，全面系統的介紹了統計數據質量的概念;其次，從研究統計數據的分佈規律入手，對統計數據準確性檢驗問題進行了探討，利用對數正態分佈檢驗對反映研究對象規模大小的統計數據的質量及異常數據進行定量檢查和識別，並利用相對擬合誤差計量統計數據的非一致性誤差;接著系統介紹了利用模糊綜合評價方法對政府統計數據質量進行整體優度檢驗的思路，具體包括建立遞階層次的評價指標體系，指標權重的確定，計算各層次中因素的權重，判斷矩陣的一致性檢驗，並根據上述標準建立了最終的政府統計數據質量模糊綜合評價模型;然後通過從2003年中國統計年鑒資料中選取部分主要的社會經濟總量指標進行實證分析: （ 1 ）利用描述統計和k - s檢驗法來驗證這些社會經濟總量指標服從對數正態分佈的規律; （ 2 ）按照本文提出的二級檢驗法來對這些社會經濟總量指標進行準確性和整體優度檢驗，從而達到綜合評價政府統計數據質量的目的;最後對這種二級檢驗法的優點和不足進行小結，提出今後應該努力改進的方向。
  19. It is always impossible to obtain accurate mathematics model for the practical industrial processes. the model under which the controller is designed is usually different to the real plant owing to model reduction, linearity approximations and the ignoring of the dynamics difficulty for modeling, the changing of the operating environment and other unmeasurable disturbances

    在實際工業過程式控制制中要想完全準確地建立被控對象的數學模型是非常困難甚至是不可能的，通過模型降階近似，非線性特性的線性化近似，以及忽略對象難以建模的動態特性、外部工作環境的變化和各種不可測干擾之後所得到的對象模型跟實際對象的特性存在一定的差距，這種差距往往可以看成是系統模型的一種不確定性。
  20. An atmosphere structure constant cn2 model, which varies with height, is presented based on itu - r amplitude scintillation model, existing itu - r optical cn2 model and meteorologic measurement relative humidity and temperature profile data, at 10 ~ 30ghz. the log - amplitude scintillation deviation calculated in terms of the cn2 model based on humidity and temperature vertical profile compare with values predicted by means of itu - r and ortgies model. it is emerged that the calculation results based on the cn2 model agree almost with prediction results by itu - r and ortgies model at 10 ~ 30ghz and there is an advantage that relative humidity and temperature varied with height has be considered in the cn2 model

    根據光波段的itu - rc _ n ~ 2模型， itu - r幅度閃爍標準偏差模型，和溫度和相對濕度隨高度變化的氣象數據，在10 30ghz ，分析得到了大氣結構常數c _ n ~ 2隨高度變化的模型；並根據溫度和濕度垂直分佈數據計算了對數幅度閃爍_ x ，還與itu - r和ortgies模型的預測結果進行了比較，結果表明，在10 30ghz ，用該c _ n ~ 2模型計算的結果和用itu - r及ortgies模型預測的值符合較好，且在用c _ n ~ 2模型計算時考慮了溫度和相對濕度隨高度變化關系。
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