負主平面 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fùzhǔpíngmiàn]
負主平面
英文
[光學] antiprincipal planes; negative principal planes-
It is as follows : the overlay of endowment insurance is narrow, the most individual indust - - ries, the private enterprise and non - agriculture persons still have not brought into the current endowment insurance system ; the levy level descends, the phenomenon of arrearage still cannot be forbidden ; the level of orchestration is low and lack of adjustment necessarily ; " the difference in amount appropriates different insurance fee " the problem still exists ; the retirement age is so early " the phenomenon of reti - - rement in advance is more serious ; the degree of socialization is low, the onus of the state - owned enterprise is overweight and so on
主要表現在；養老保險覆蓋面窄，大多數個體工商戶和私營企業以及非農業人員還沒有那入到現行的養老保險體系；征繳水平下降，欠費現象屢禁不止；統籌層次低，缺乏必要的調劑； 「差額繳撥」問題依然存在；退休年齡鍋灶， 「提前退休」現象比較嚴重；社會化程度低，國有企業負擔過重等諸多方面。During recently 3 years, i mainly engaged in mechanical vocation ' s plant planning. i attended 25 projects, which including feasible reports, preliminary designing and working drawing designing, ranged over establishment or technology reforming of machine tool factory, gear factory, tractor factory, automobile manufactory, electric pump factory, electromechanics factory, electric cable factory, the highest investment of them is 160 million yuan, total design work expand over 850 million ( no repeat calculate ). for i have professional ability and well up in developmental situation of mechanical vocation and it ' s situation inside jiangsu province, these projects what i designed were all authorized by leading department and expert, introduced into national plan and bring into operation. these projects bring both economic profit and society profit for the factory ' s technical advancement, product ' s update. as the director of these projects in these designing and consultation work, i generally organize and operate these and earn the higher valuation of leading department and consumer
近三年來主要從事機械行業工廠工程設計，先後參與二十五個項目的可行性研究報告編制，初步設計和施工圖設計.涉及機床廠，齒輪廠，拖拉機廠，汽車製造廠，電泵廠，電機廠，電纜廠的新建或技術改造，其中單項投資額最高的為1 . 6億元，總計完成投資額為8 . 5億元（未重復計算）的設計工作量.由於對機械行業發展狀況和省內狀況較為熟悉，具有一定的專業水平，這些設計項目均經有關領導部門，專家審定列入國家計劃，得以實施，為工廠的技術進步，產品更新換代，生產發展創造較好的經濟效益和社會效益.在這些設計，咨詢中，本人均任項目負責人，全面組織，實施設計工作，得到主管部門和用戶較高評價Part iiilegal issues upon the reform of toll and tax in countryside this part is concentrated to show six problems that the reform of toll and tax in countryside is to be up against and is to be peremptorily settled as following : the first one, in the confirming of agricultural tax, it is very difficult to protect the farmer ' s rights fairly because of unscientific of the evidence at assessment, highly of tax rate, and the absence of law and statute correlatively ; the second one, on the tax levying, there lack of legal systems that is to supervise and run, especially lack of law and statute which lead to collect agricultural special tax canonically ; the third one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside extrudes unbalance burden among farmers and countries, and lead to unevenly between subject of tax payment, which breaches the legal rule of balanceable tax ; the fourth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside faces the danger that farmers " burden tends to rebound because of weakly carry through legal rule on tax statutory and absent of law and statute correlatively ; the fifth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside affects the finance and revenue - expenditure auditing of the grass roots and father affects the grass roots to raise fee upon public construction and education, as a result, there ' s more charge that is out of law, the monocracy of grass roots " finance ought to be carry out ; the sixth one, legal measures connect with the reform of toll and tax in countryside in dire need of to be built, which mainly conclude legal system that adjust country social security, country compulsory education and country debt
第三部分? ?農村稅費改革的法律課題集中展示了農村稅費改革所面臨且亟待解決的六大法律問題。即：其一，在確定農業稅上，計稅依據不科學、稅率偏高、相關法律規范缺失，無法平等保護農民的合法權益；其二，在農村稅收的徵收上，缺乏行之有效的法律監督和運行機制，尤其是農業特產稅的徵收缺乏保障據實徵收的法律規范;其三，稅費改革凸顯農民之間、農村之間的負擔不均，使納稅主體的權利義務失衡，有悖稅負均衡的法律原則;其四，由於稅收法定主義沒有得到有效貫徹，規制農民負擔反彈方面的法律法規缺位，致使農村稅費改革潛伏著農民負擔反彈的風險;其五，稅費改革影響基層組織的財政收支，進而影響鄉村公益事業建設及教育經費的籌措，引發稅外亂收費沉渣泛起，基層財政體製法治化勢在必行;其六，與稅費改革相關的配套法律措施巫待構建，主要是農村社會保障法律體系、鄉村義務教育和鄉村債務疏導的法律支撐魚待構建與完善。第四部分一一農村稅費改革與相關法律制度的構建基於上一部分提出的法律問題，力圖構築農村稅費改革的法律框架並提出相應對策。3 in the years of cold spring, the inner mongolia high and the aliushen low are strengthened with the low index of the east asia trough and the negative anomaly center of temperature over northeast china from surface to tropopause while the contrary conditions occur in the years of warm spring
3 、東北地區出現春季低溫的主要環流特徵是：內蒙古高壓，阿留申低壓的強度加強；阿流申低壓指數以及東亞大槽強度指數減弱，東北地區從地面到對流層頂處在溫度負距平中心內，東北地區春季高溫時則出現與上面相反的變化形式。The most achievement is that we firstly obtain the analytic accurate solution of the modal fields of the waveguide structure and find some available character : ( 1 ) the different uniaxial crystal materials have the different propagation properties ; ( 2 ) when the optical axis of the crystal is on the plane that is made up of the normal direction of the waveguide plane and the propagation, there are te mode and tm mode in this special waveguide, but the principal mode is different of the character of the uniaxial crystal, the principal mode is the principal mode of te mode for the negative uniaxial crystal, but the one of tm mode for the positive uniaxial crystal ; ( 3 ) when the crystal optical - axis parallel to the waveguide plane, for the positive uniaxial crystal material, the principal mode of the waveguide is a te wave, which can be excited by the light at any frequency ; when the light frequency satisfies a single mode propagation condition, there will be only the principal mode propagating in the waveguide, otherwise some of the higher order modes can be excited, which are neither te modes, nor tm modes, but the hybrid guided modes
本文就是在此背景下，利用金屬波導和單軸晶體的一些特性，結合麥克斯韋方程組和波導的邊界條件，從三種不同的情況研究了光在對稱平面單軸晶體金屬波導（波導層是單軸晶體，兩個波導界面均為金屬）內的傳輸特性，其主要貢獻為，首次解析地得到了這種波導結構下模式場的精確解，並發現了一些有用的特性： （ 1 ）模式場的性質因單軸晶體的性質不同而異； （ 2 ）當單軸晶體光軸位於波導界面法方向與傳輸方向構成的平面內時，波導中傳輸te波和tm波，只不過其主模因單軸晶體的性質不同而異，當波導層介質為負單軸晶體時，波導主模是te波主模，而波導層介質為正單軸晶體時波導主模是tm波主模。 （ 3 ）當單軸晶體光軸位於波導面內時，對于正單軸晶體，波導的主模是橫電波te _ 0模，任何頻率的光波均可激勵該模式；當光波波長滿足一定條件時，波導內傳輸單模，否則，將激勵起高階模式，高階模即匪te波，也匪tm波，而是兩者耦合而成的混合模。Those sensitive parameters making system have negative damping and occur self - excited shimmy are horizontal pulling lever rigidity, tire sideslip rigidity, steering gear rigidity and damping, kingpin equivalent damping, kingpin caster angle, tire drag. and wheel center distance, tire side rigidity, vehicle wheel unbalanced mass, tire vertical rigidity, and distance from kingpin center to the vertical central line plane of tire have great influence on shimmy, but they do n ' t make the system have negative damping. and horizontal pulling lever damping, suspension damping and rigidity have very small influence on shimmy
橫拉桿剛度、輪胎的側偏剛度、轉向機剛度、轉向機阻尼、繞主銷當量阻尼、主銷后傾角、輪胎拖距是影響擺振的敏感性參數，適當調節某一參數可引起系統的負阻尼，使系統產生自激擺振；輪距、輪胎側向剛度、車輪上的不平衡質量、輪胎垂向剛度及主銷延長線與地面交點至車輪平面的距離對擺振的影響也較大，但不會使系統出現負阻尼；而橫拉桿阻尼、懸架阻尼與懸架剛度對擺振的影響很小。With the background of developing icatalog e - business information platform, the paper introduced the conception of catalog service, analyzed the application requirement of e - business information platform and significance of developing the icatalog e - business information platform. and introduced the main work that the author had done in the project and the advanced technologies used in the project
論文以「 icatalog電子商務信息平臺」實際研發課題為背景，概要介紹了目錄服務的概念，分析了電子商務信息平臺的市場應用需求，構建icatalog信息目錄服務平臺的重要意義及作者在項目研發中負責完成的主要工作，全面論述了構建icatalog信息目錄服務平臺所採用的先進技術。In the leach - new protocol, the mainly improvement of the leach protocol exhibits as follow : for the sake of balancing the network load, the network choose the clusters based on the residual energy ; we take multi - hop communication between sensors instead of single - hop communication, which results in the reduction of energy consumption of clusters ; the new protocol finds the path to the cluster head with the minimum cost, using an algorithm similar to flooding to propagate the cost information and greedy algorithm to find the lowest cost link ; the algorithm for assigning tdma time slot reduces overall delays of network
在leach - new協議中，對leach協議的改進主要體現在以下幾個方面:根據節點剩餘能量選擇簇頭，以平衡網路負載;節點間採用多跳路由，降低簇頭能量消耗;節點根據能量消耗的代價來選擇至簇頭的路由，通過擴散演算法來廣播代價消息，採用貪婪演算法來選擇能量消耗最小的路徑;採用tdma時隙分配演算法減少網路時延。最後，利用ns2模擬軟體進行驗證。This article is divided into four parts : part one emphasizes the common theory that corporate governance structure figures out the agent problems caused by the separation of ownership and control power, and sets forth correlative research done by domestic and foreign scholars from the relationship between centralization degree of ownership and performance, the relationship between incentive of senior managers and performance, and the relationship between board and performance. and puts forward some deficiencies in domestic research, for example, the select of performance is bald ; most research methods are cross section analysis, there is little research basing on both time serial and cross section datum ; and there is little research have the inside and outside corporate governance factors in the selection of corporate governance structure indexes
描述性分析介紹了我國上市公司治理結構的現狀;通過公司治理變量的線性組合，採用主元分析法來構造反映公司治理水平的指標z ，並由此z指標回歸經營績效指標得出公司經營績效與公司治理的整體效果有相同方向變化的結論;變量之間的相關關系揭示了這些變量之間關系的合理信息;面板數據結果顯示:第一大股東持股比例、國有控股虛擬變量與經營績效負相關;第二至第十大股東股權集中度、董事會持股比例和總經理持股比例與經營績效正相關。In order to re - claim the political power status, japan has made all kinds of efforts : actively participating in the establishment of post - cold - war new international orders ; aiming at breaking the judicial bounds of war defeatist by focusing on revising post - war japan peace constitution ; seeking to be a military heavy weight ; pushing reform of united nation ( un ) security council ; pursuing to become one of permanent members of un security council ; joining un peace keeping ; attend global hot spots to impose japan influence
當今世界， 「和平與發展」依然是時代主題，大國間已經建立了各色各樣的「夥伴關系」 ，這些以不結盟、不對抗為特徵，強調合作與對話的「夥伴關系」有可能成為規范和約束日本的外交政策和行為，從而減輕或削弱日本成為政治大國可能產生的負面影響的主要因素；第二，日本國內政治制度和社會思潮對日本復活軍國主義有一定的牽製作用。The key items include the car sinking, constant speed characteristics, inspection function, auto relevelling function and level accuracy, etc. the research contents focus on the following three parts : firstly, research on effects of system parameters on car sinking has been completed. secondly, the constant speed performance with the compensation of internal leakage of pump / motor is improved. lastly, research on improvement of the car level accuracy and contrast to that of traction elevators is presented, and the reasons of low car level accuracy of hydraulic elevators are discussed
重點研究了三方面內容：一是研究了停層沉降特性及影響電梯轎廂停層沉降特性的各種因素；其次是通過負載壓力補償液壓泵馬達內泄漏來改善電梯轎廂速度穩定性；最後是液壓電梯平層精度的理論和實驗研究，並與曳引電梯的理論模型進行了對比，闡述了液壓電梯平層精度低的原因，理論探討了影響液壓電梯平層精度的主要因素。The second part analyses the reason of the complexity of national issue about the west : in economy, the reason that is economy among regions develops unbalance able and the national minority ca n ' t adapt the change of economic system very much, and the developing distance between national regions and coastal regions enlarges the estrangement which exists before and the national relationship is shocked by establishing socialism market economic system. in politics, the reason that is ill - considered national policies, unperfected national region self - control system, the effect and permeation of national and international hostile power. in culture, the reason that is the reverse effect of nationalism, the modernity of national traditional culture causes the complexity of national issue
第二部分從三個方面分析了西部地區民族問題復雜性的原因：經濟上，是由於地區間經濟發展不平衡，經濟體制變化使少數民族表現出不適性，民族地區和沿海地區發展差距的擴大加深了原有的民族隔閡和猜忌，民族關系受到建設社會主義市場經濟體制的沖擊；政治上，是由於失誤的民族政策，民族區域自治制度不完善，國內外敵對勢力的影響、滲透等因素的作用；思想文化上，是由於民族主義的負面影響，民族傳統文化的現代化帶來民族問題的復雜性。The main results indicated that : significant differences exist in diurnal average transpiration rate and the range of diurnal transpiration rate ; the transpiration rate of sawtooth oak, amorpha, lalang grass varied with a regular double apex rhythm, but that of the rest varied with a regular single apex rhythm, stomatal conductance play a maximal important role in transpiration rate, temperature ( air temperature, the earth ' s surface temperature ) also influence the transpiration rate ; transpiration rate has prominent negative correlation with the relative air humidity, the biggest coefficient is 0. 866
筆者對日照沿海防護林幾種主要木本植物和草本植物的蒸騰速率和環境因子的關系進行了研究，結果表明： 8種植物日平均蒸騰速率和蒸騰速率日變幅各異；麻櫟、紫穗槐和白茅的蒸騰速率日變換呈現出雙峰式的變化規律，其它5種植物蒸騰速率表現為單峰式的變化規律；氣孔導度影響著植物的蒸騰速率，溫度（氣溫、地面溫度）是影響植物蒸騰速率的主要因子；空氣相對濕度和蒸騰速率表現為顯著或極顯著負相關，相關系數高達0 . 866 。Firstly, the paper retrospects the development of eso and tries to probe into the theoretical field : the explanation of it ' s definition, the conclusion of it ' s characters, the comparison of eso and other stock inspiration system, followed by the analysis of it ' s theoretical basis and incentive effect ; meanwhile, the paper probes into the realistic situations of eso in usa and china in order to seek the regulation and draw the advantages and disadvantages ; to this part, the paper takes the following four items as the main barriers to eso ' s implementation in china : the over restriction of current law system, the low efficiency of the market, the poor corporate governance structure and a lack of a reasonable performance index system, and elaborately analyze the impacts of the obstacles on eso ; after the analysis made above, the paper gets down to taking some methods to solve the problems in accordance with the characteristic of the barriers. as far as the internal defects of the mechanism are concerned, the paper begins with the scientifically design of the key components, studying the aspects of bestowal, change, loss, the executive method and the executive time. then the paper focuses on designing a performance index system which is an essential part of eso, introducing the bsc to improve the present performance index system, under the reasonable guidelines resigning it at both the levels of company ' s and employee ' s levels. finally, as regards how to perfect the outside surrounding of eso, the thesis makes some suggestion
本文首先回顧了股票期權制在國內外的發展及較為詳盡的分析了股票期權制度的相關理論：闡述了其涵義，特徵，理論基礎，激勵效應並於其他幾個較易混淆的股權激勵機製作逐一的比較，以進一步澄清人們對其的錯誤認識；同時，對股票期權制在美國和我國的現狀進行深入的實證研究，探求其內在規律，在肯定其成果時指出其不足；至此，筆者認為，我國上市公司要推行股票期權制度將主要面臨以下四類障礙：公司治理結構不完善、市場有效性差、現行法規體系不完善及缺乏客觀的業績考評指標體系，並詳細分析了各類障礙的現狀及對股票期權制的負面影響；在此基礎上，針對各類障礙的不同性質，著手探討消除這些障礙的措施：對于股票期權制內部的缺陷，本文先對各個關鍵要素進行科學設計，系統的剖析了贈與、變更、喪失、執行方式、股票來源等技術性問題，再以大量篇幅研究了如何構建出一套與實施股票期權制相配套的業績考核指標體系，引進平衡計分卡的思想對國內現有的指標體系加以改進，以一組合理的評價原則為指導，從公司及員工個人業績考評兩個層面上來設計該指標體系。Where the above mentioned ground levels without a designated height when constructed or which is uneven with the adjacent ground due to special land form, the urban road authority with special municipality and county ( city ) shall designate a section of road to establish a budget depending on city development requirements, or reconstruct such roads with the costs to be shared by building owners, users and maintainers
前項地平面因建造時無指定高程或因地形特殊致未與鄰接地平面齊平者，直轄市、縣（市）市區道路主管機關得視都市發展需求，指定路段編列預算，或得與該建築物所有權人、使用人或管理人共同負擔工程費，統一重修。There are two parts in system : one is client and the other is server. with the information increasing, the two - tier construction shows a lot defect. for example, inefficient ; the operating load is unequal to the unwieldy system ; the cost for maintaining the system is high ; the investment in hardware of client is high
在信息系統中，兩層結構的客戶機服務器模式一度在計算機業內風行，但隨著it技術的發展，大型數據庫的應用系統的出現，這種兩層結構已不能滿足不斷增長的需求，主要體現在以下幾個方面：執行效率無法滿足日益膨脹的客戶數據請求；過于龐大的系統在負載平衡能力上顯得力不從心；系統維護成本偏高，擴充工作量大；客戶端硬體投資比例大。After studying more deeply the fault tolerant algorithm and load balancing technology in redundant services, active load balancing is introduced into the redundant service system, and a novel fault - tolerant algorithm is built in this paper. under the conditions of guaranteeing the availability of redundant service system, the performance is effectively improved. the logic object model is based on corba and the prototype is implemented, additionally, system test results show the feasibility of the algorithm
本文在較深入地研究了冗餘服務中的容錯演算法、負載平衡的基礎上，通過在冗餘服務中引入主動負載平衡機制，提出了一種行之有效的冗餘服務容錯演算法；該演算法一方面能夠滿足客戶請求對可用性的要求，另一方面有效地提高了系統的性能；基於corba分佈計算通信平臺，本文還構建了該演算法的對象模型，並在此基礎上實現了一個原型系統，通過實例測試驗證了該演算法的可行性。The first aspect, i import corba technology into pdm system structure and put forward a system structure based on corba / web mode. this kind of structure expands the hierarchy of applications and becomes a multi hierarchy system structure. it resolved the abuse of single hierarchy and double c / s hierarchy, build up the tolerance mechanism and load balance
在本文中我主要做了兩方面的工作： （一）將corba技術引入到pdm系統體系結構中，提出了一種基於corba web模式的體系結構，這種結構擴展了應用程序的層次，成為多層次的體系結構，很好地解決了單層和兩層c s結構的弊端，而且增強了系統的客錯機制和負載平衡。The main research results in this thesis are as follows : ( 1 ) deeply analyzed the principle and technology of com communication. ( 2 ) put forward multicast communication model, introduced session space, added session object and session manager object into server, realizing many clients " communication and management. ( 3 ) discussed dynamic load balancing and fault tolerance, designed scheduler, consider main load balancing strategy, algorism and the process to fault tolerance
本文的主要研究成果如下： （ 1 ）深入分析模擬了com底層通信的實現原理與技術； （ 2 ）給出了群組通信模型，引入會話空間的概念，在服務器中加入會話期對象和會話期管理對象，實現了客戶間的多點通信及管理； （ 3 ）探討了多服務器系統中的動態負載平衡和容錯性問題，設計增加了調度器模塊，考慮了主要的負載平衡策略、演算法及容錯性的處理； （ 4 ）初步設計了實現多點通信時客戶、調度器及服務器應支持的主要功能及介面調用，討論了各介面之間的調用關系。The whole system appears like a huge storage server to provide service. in a distributed system, load balance is the first thing that need to be considered. the dftp system is designed to use in a file download environment, so the load balance is file - oriented too
由於本系統設計的主要目的是在區域網中實現文件下載服務器的負載平衡，通過對多個服務器的文件監控以及對fba和sta訪問特點的分析，在本系統中，負載的自動平衡也是面向文件的，以文件為平衡的主要目標。分享友人