起因和影響 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qǐyīnhéyǐngxiǎng]
起因和影響 英文
c&e cause and effect
  • 起 : 起Ⅰ動詞1 （站起; 坐起） rise; get up; stand up 2 （取出; 取走） draw out; remove; extract; pull 3...
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 和 : 和動詞（在粉狀物中加液體攪拌或揉弄使有黏性） mix （powder） with water, etc. : 和點兒灰泥 prepare some plaster
  • 影 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物體擋住光線后映出的形象） shadow 2 （鏡中、水面等反映出來的物體形象） reflection; image...
  • 起因 : cause; origin; as a result of
  1. This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

    本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。
  2. This condition commonly occurs in the early days after delivery, when the milk that starts to come in is not removed efficiently. the breasts are overfull, partly with milk, & partly with increased tissue fluid & blood, which interfere with the flow of milk

    這種情形通常在產后初期出現，原因是「上奶」時乳汁未能有效地被吸取。乳房因充血和水腫，加上乳汁引起脹滿，影響乳汁的流通；母親可能會發燒，乳房感覺痛楚、堅硬和腫脹，令嬰兒難于附著和吸吮。
  3. By surveying the sample plot, the relations between the stabil ity of the mountai n slope of soil preparation for planting by using explosion and other factors s uch as precipitation, terrain ， were studied. by using the method of quantitative t heory i, the interrelation between the damaged degrees of soil preparation progra ms by using explosion in low mountain area with abundant precipitation and terrain factors was systematically analysed, and the mathematical models relate d were developed. the results show that the precipitation in early days and the m aximum precipitation per day are the primary factors causing the soil prepara tion program damaged. the main terrain factors of the mountain slope that affect the program stability are according to their importance, slope, position and dir ection. the suitable mountain slope for soil preparation by using explosion is th e slope of less than 25

    通過典型標準樣地調查資料，探討了造林爆破整地工程的坡地穩定性與降水、地形等因子的相互關系，應用數量化理論，對在有充分降水條件下的低山丘陵區的爆破整地工程損失程度與地形因子之間的關系進行了系統分析，並建立了相應的數學模型，研究指出，充分的前期降水和日最大降雨量是引起爆破整地工程損失的激發因素；影響爆破整地工程穩定性的主要地形因子是地面坡度，其次為坡位、坡向，實施爆破整地工程的地面坡度以不超過25為宜。
  4. Main purpose is the protection of the grid against handling damage and corrosive agents that could cause instability of the gauge resistance. even a fingerprint can seriously affect the stability of an expose grid

    主要是保護作用，箱格子是防止貨物在運輸中的損壞和腐蝕，一旦腐蝕就會引起貨物的不穩定性，甚至一個手指印都會引起嚴重影響.因此需要在外面做鉛線包裝箱，能夠使箱格子更牢固方便卸貨
  5. This paper analyzes the reason of flourish in the literary world of the liang dynasty, probes that wudi ( an emperor of the hang dynasty ) plays the role in and exerts influence on the literary circle, and believes that the emperor has done great help to promote the literature flourish by carrying back literary advance and organizing literary activities

    摘要分析了梁代文壇繁榮的原因，考察了梁武帝在其中所起的作用和影響，認為梁武帝提攜文學后進和組織文學活動等舉措對梁代文壇的繁榮起了直接的推動作用。
  6. In this thesis, first, reasons and factors for the stability of loose rock dams were summarized according to the field surveys and certain expert ' s experiences. then, researches on block stability problems were reviewed, and according to the relationship between grain size and incipient velocity, it is found that the block weight is in direct proportion to 6 - 9 power of incipient velocity, and 50 % increase of the velocity will result in about 40 times change of the block weight. after that, experiments were conducted in a flume, focusing on the relationship between incipient velocity and some main factors including block weight, water depth over the dam, cross - section size, block material and river bed material

    本文首先根據散拋石壩損毀情況的現場調查資料，結合有關專家多年的整治經驗，總結出壩體的損毀原因及影響因素；對現有塊體穩定性的研究成果進行回顧和總結，並針對散拋石壩的直接損毀現象，結合山區河流的水流、地形特點，利用塊體粒徑與起動流速的關系，提出塊體穩定重量與起動流速高次方成正比的概念，流速50的增長可能導致塊體穩定重量接近40倍的變化；通過二維變坡水槽試驗，研究了壩體穩定的主要影響因素，包括塊體重量、壩頂水深、斷面尺寸、塊體材料（塊石和卵石兩種） 、護底等，結果表明對于山區河流，試圖僅僅通過增加壩體單個塊體重量或斷面尺寸來提高壩體穩定性效果甚微；最後，根據西部地區的自然、經濟、交通等條件，提出可以採用柔性混凝土鉸鏈體等一類整體性較好的護面層作為散拋石壩的防沖毀措施，以期取得良好的工程效果。
  7. Firstly, the competent governmental departments should not only supervise and standardize the markets more efficiently, but also stipulate relevant regulations to solve the problems existing in the markets, such as introducing payment guarantee as a solution to project payment default, general contracting to subcontracting and dismembering of the constructors. in the mean time, the supervision over the certification market and certification organizations should be enhanced and more measures should be taken to eliminate the adverse causes of the market. measures should also be made to evaluate the performance of the enterprises " quality systems and the evaluation results should be combined into annual qualification check and bidding

    通過分析研究，提出了克服這些不利因素影響的辦法：首先政府有關部門除了依法加大監管力度和規范建築市場以外，還應制定相應的對策措施來解決市場中存在的問題，如用支付擔保來解決工程款拖欠問題、用總承包方式來解決建設單位肢解、分包工程的問題等；同時還應加強對認證市場和認證機構的監管，採取相應措施消除市場中的不健康因素；建立對企業質量體系運行評價的措施，並把評價結果同企業的資質年審和招投標結合起來。
  8. After the study and research on the village housing conditions in jiangsu and western zhejiang province, this article analyses and discusses on what the villages has gained in this kind of change and what has been lost, and believes due to the influence of the negative metropolis elements, the village is sacrificing the nature, the ecology, the local construction, and the traditional folk culture, which are the main sources of sustainable development of the chinese villages

    認為鄉村受負都市元素的影響正在失去包括自然、生態、鄉土建築、傳統風俗文化在內的中國鄉村可持續發展的資源，論述了鄉村現代化過程中的避免都市化的重要性，緊迫性。透過鄉村居住狀態都市化傾向的表象，去挖掘其背後的深層原因，從社會、經濟、文化、建築等角度分析現代鄉村居住狀態都市化的起因和後果。
  9. This article is divided into five parts totally, explaining the special relationship between palestine and jordan from the aspect of economy, military and population etc. in the fist part, origin of jordanian - palestinian relations is been discussed ; in the second part, i expatiate upon the development of the jordanian - palestinian relations from 1967 to the late of 1970s, and generalize that the character in this period is cooperation and conflict ; some important history events are expounded in the third part, such as the camp david agreement, the lebanon war, the reagan plan, the jordanian - plo agreement and the palestinian intifada. at the same time, the conclusion can be drawn that the relationship between the plo and the jordanian government was characterized by instability, mutual mistrust, caution and rivalry ; in the fourth part, after the end of the cold war, both jordan and plo adopted practical policies, and then the relationship of equal colleague has become the main trend ; in the last part, i summar ize the predominant factors which influence the relationship between jordan and palestine and give history outlook to the future jordanian - palestinian relations

    第一部分，重點闡述約巴特殊關系形成的歷史淵源；第二部分，採用對比的手法，通過對1967年70年代末約旦與巴解組織之間關系演變的歷史考察，深刻揭示出在這一時期約巴關系的特點是短暫合作和長久沖突；第三部分，通過對戴維營協議、黎巴嫩戰爭、里根方案、約巴協議聯合行動方案、巴勒斯坦大起義等重大歷史事件分析，闡釋約巴關系親密接觸和悲歡離合的內在原因，推論出80年代的約巴關系具有不穩定、不信任、謹慎、競爭甚至反復等特點；第四部分，冷戰結束后，政治解決地區沖突已成為地區局勢發展中的一股主流，約巴雙方都採取了新的務實政策，平等友好關系是約巴關系發展的主流；第五部分，這是全文的落腳點，總結制約和影響約巴關系主導因素，並且展望未來。
  10. Then they divide output growth, in individual sectors and in the market economy, into the contribution of various inputs : hours worked, the mix of skills in the labour force, it capital, other capital and “ multifactor productivity ” ( mfp ) ? in theory, the adroitness with which the other inputs are combined ; in practice, what is left over after changes in labour and capital are stripped away

    然後，對各個不同的工業，在考慮到市場經濟的影響下，把產量的增長歸因於不同的生產要素：如工作時間，勞動力的綜合技能， it資產，其它資產和「多因素生產力」 （ mfp ） -理論上解釋為，把其它因素綜合利用起來的熟練程度；實踐中是去除勞動力和資本因素影響后剩餘因素的總和。
  11. Explain the causes and effects of the problem, and advise ( suggest ) solutions to the problem

    解釋這個問題的起因和影響，提出解決這個問題的一些建議。
  12. To represent views of its members both locally and internationally. to organize conference and meetings as and where appropriate

    透過會議及研討會，致力消除、減低各類殘疾的起因和影響、改善、促進殘疾人士福利和教育。
  13. A series of events within the linear span of time ; cause and effect, source and consequence, are at once given autonomy and independency as a single, self - sustaining event at the hands of tanaka ' s filming techniques

    線性跨度的時間里存在一系列事情：起因和影響，資源和結果，它們都被立刻被視為個體、獨立的事件，藉助田中功起的電影技術被賦予了自治性和獨立性。
  14. According to the hourly water demand forecasting results of hangzhou city, the reasonability and effectiveness of this model was proved. real large water supply system is a complicatedly dynamic nonlinear system, it is influenced by many factors, and these factors are interactional. it is difficult to simulate water distribution networks by using one or several explicit functions

    由於實際大型供水系統是非常復雜的動態非線性系統，在實際管網的運行中，受到多因素的制約和影響，各綜合因素作用疊加起來造成水流狀態極其復雜，使得很難以一個或幾個統一的顯式函數關系描述管網的工況。
  15. Besides, there are great deals of other questions, which cause various kinds of mechanism of corporate governance unable to play a effective role. at the same time, the article make a deeply analysis to the reasons. finally, the article put forward some advises : reducing the state - owned stock progressively, foster the institutional investor actively, design some encouragement and restriction mechanism to a manager, reform and perfect the state assets management system, perfect regulation system and withdraw mechanism of security market and unifying the stock market progressively, set up powerful security payment mechanism of debts, strengthen restriction of creditor ' s rights of the banks, develop corporate bond financing, and so on

    本文以資本結構的基本理論為起點，對各種資本結構理論觀點進行概括，並從股權和債權兩方面分析了資本結構對公司治理的作用和影響效果；通過對國有上市公司的資本結構進行實證分析，揭示了我國國有上市公司的資本結構存在股權和債權結構不合理，股權內部構成和債權內部構成不合理等諸多問題，由此導致了公司治理各種機制的有效作用無法正常發揮，使得公司治理的效應不佳，並進一步對產生這種股權和債權治理效率低下的成因進行了深層次的分析；最後從宏觀和微觀層次，提出對國有股進行有步驟的減持並逐步實現其流通、改革與完善國有資產管理體制、積極培育機構投資者、完善證券市場的法規體系和逐步統一股票市場、建立強有力的償債保障機制、設計經理人激勵約束機制、強化銀行的債權約束、發展企業債券融資等政策建議。
  16. From wave equation, under small signal approximation, a theoretical calculation of shg efficiency and acceptances is presented. according to this, the acceptances of wavelength, period, temperature and incidence angle are calculated. these will guide the experiment and the fabrication of optical supperlattice ( osl )

    2 、從波動方程出發，在小信號近似下，推導了qpm倍頻公式，分析了波矢失配的起因及影響，從理論上推導了波長，周期，溫度和入射角的接收帶寬，討論了占空比對輸出效率的影響，對介質制備及實驗有一定的指導意義。
  17. A hysteretic loop is also found in this system and its influencing factors are analyzed to discuss the condition of its occurrence, which is expected to help further understanding the mechanism of thermoacoustic oscillation

    針對不同的加熱功率和充氣壓力，系統地研究了起消振過程中的溫度、壓力變化特性，著重分析了滯后迴路形成的過程和影響熱聲系統滯后迴路的因素，指出滯后迴路存在的條件，對深入理解熱聲系統的起消振行為具有參考意義。
  18. All the results of axial and radial deformation measurement by digital image processing technique and those by traditional method are compared. the differences of the soil parameters on duncan and chang ' s nonlinear model made by these two methods are analyzed. finally, a compress test results and fem results are provided to show the reasonability and veracity of digital image processing technique to study the soil stress - strain characteristic in triaxial test

    （ 2 ）三軸試驗土樣局部變形研究：首先定量比較了三軸試樣沿高度方向不同位置的局部變形（局部徑向變形與局部軸向變形）大小，分析了三軸試樣局部變形的特點和影響因素；然後把三軸試樣數字圖像測量結果與傳統測量結果進行比較，以鄧肯張非線性模型為例進行了模型參數的整理，分析了兩種不問測量方法引起的參數差異：最後用原型壓縮試驗對比有限元數值計算結果，驗證了數字圖像測量方法得到的三軸試驗土體應力應變參數的合理性和準確性。
  19. Secondly, the producing mechanism of crack in reinforced structure and factors which affect crack have been discussed, in the emphasis, the method is expounded, which applies first releasing then resisting, combination of releasing and resisting. in the method, flexible slit is applied firstly, which can make deformation of structure distributed, and decrease deformation energy, then the tiny expansion concrete and prestressed concrete with unbonded tendons are applied. and in the different phase, the compressive prestress is put on the concrete structure

    其次，分析並論述了鋼筋混凝土結構裂縫產生的機理和影響因素，著重闡述了「利用先放后抗，抗放結合，綜合控制」的方法：即首先利用后澆帶，使混凝土結構分段變形，減小超長變形的影響；並採用微膨脹混凝土技術及無粘結預應力混凝土技術，分階段對混凝土結構施加一定的預壓應力，從而減小或完全抵消混凝土結構因混凝土硬化收縮引起的拉應力；再結合一些其他措施，成功實現鋼筋混凝土結構的超長無縫設計與施工。
  20. When a joint statement was issued recently by the two governments to mark the 10th anniversary of the establishment of their diplomatic ties and to map out an all - round cooperation, it turned out to be a non - event without raising any controversies, despite the far - reaching significance of the statement

    也因為如此，當兩國政府趁建交十周年發表聯合聲明，表示要全方位發展兩國關系時，其意義和影響雖然深遠，島國內外的輿論界都以平常心對待，沒有引起爭議。
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