超挖度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [chāowādù]
超挖度
英文
overbreakage-
The results indicate that there is a strong to weak, then weak to strong evolution process for the total grassland desertification, middle desertification and slight desertification, which can be attributed to climate change and human activities, especially to the influence of climate change ; due to coal exploitation, the severe desertification is always distributing in " ? " around the mining land, and developing to the east quickly with the help of monsoon
結果表明：受氣候變化、超載放牧、掏挖藥材以及墾荒等因素的影響，輕度荒漠化、中度荒漠化以及荒漠化總面積存在由強轉弱、再由弱變強的演變過程：受煤炭開發的影響，重度荒漠化草地多圍繞礦業建設用地呈「 ? 」狀分佈，並且受季風影響向礦業建設用地東側發展迅速。Sir james clark ross had obtained a sounding of over 2, 400 fathoms in 1839, but it was not until of deep soundings was obtained in the atlantic and the first samples were collected by dredging the bottom
1839年，詹姆斯.克拉克.羅斯爵士曾測得海水深度超過2 ， 400英尋；但直到1869年，皇家學會用英國「豪豬」號艦艇進行了幾次巡航后，才在大西洋測得一個海水深度，同時能過挖掘海底，取得了研究海底的首批樣品。Abstract : the application of smoothwall blasting in crushed surrounding rock of no. 2 tunnel with crushed surrounding rock has obtained more satisfactory results through selecting rational blasting parameters, adopting right supporting method and controlling the overbreak or underbreak of the tunnel effectively, etc
文摘:在周家山2號隧道破碎圍巖施工中，應用光面爆破技術，通過選擇合理的爆破參數，正確的支護施工方法，有效地控制隧道的超欠挖，加快掘進速度，取得了較理想的效果。The application of smoothwall blasting in crushed surrounding rock of no. 2 tunnel with crushed surrounding rock has obtained more satisfactory results through selecting rational blasting parameters, adopting right supporting method and controlling the overbreak or underbreak of the tunnel effectively, etc
在周家山2號隧道破碎圍巖施工中，應用光面爆破技術，通過選擇合理的爆破參數，正確的支護施工方法，有效地控制隧道的超欠挖，加快掘進速度，取得了較理想的效果。Abstract : in order to provide the reasonable parameters in the reliability analysis of tunnel structure and the criterion in the quality control of tunnel engineering, in this paper, the over - under - excavated values of the real - state outline of tunnel excavation are obtained by the near - field photographic method. by using mathematical statistic method, the figure features and probability distributions of the over - under - excavated values of the surrounding rock, including deferent positions of same cross section, are analyzed
文摘:採用近景攝影的方法，從隧道開挖毛洞中獲取圍巖超欠挖數據，通過數理統計的方法，分析各類圍巖超欠挖的數字特徵及概率分佈，同時得出各類圍巖超欠挖在隧道斷面不同部位的分佈規律，為隧道結構的可靠度研究提供可靠參數，也為隧道工程質量控制提供基準2. through studying the effect of the dredging length, found that it is not a linear relationship between the dredging length and the relatively reduced deposition, for example when dredging exceed a certain length, though the relatively reduced deposition still increase slowly, the depositing volumes begin to decrease
挖槽長度對挖槽效果的影響的試驗研究結果表明，河道相對減淤量的增加與挖河長度的增加並不成等比例線性關系，即挖河長度超過一定值后，雖然河道相對減淤量還有緩慢增加，但減淤效率開始減小。4 the dredging operation shall be at rate of no more than 40 m3 per hour within the designated site boundary
在指定工地界線內進行的挖泥作業，須以不超出每小時40立方米的速度進行。Because the hull scale is big for large self - propelled trailing suction hopper dredgers, and the automatic degree of the equipments is high, the abroad shipyards i special of europe have the ripe experiences to build such dredgers, which with cad to guarantee the building quality and the time limit for project. relatively, the national shipyards never built such dredgers that hopper volume over 4500 m3. although building the dredgers at home, many be spare and to encourage the development of shipbuilding technique, but the building quality and the time limit foe project cannot be guaranteed
大型自航耙吸挖泥船的船體尺度大，設備裝備的自動化程度高，國外特別是歐州大型造船廠建造此類挖泥船具有成熟的經驗，他們採用電腦輔助設計和輔助建造可保證質量和工期，相對而言，國內的造船廠這些年從未建造過艙容超過4500m ~ 3的中型自航耙吸挖泥船，更沒有大型自航耙吸挖泥船的建造經歷，雖然據估算，在國內建造挖泥船可節省一些投資，又可藉此激勵國內造船技術的發展，但其建造質量和工期難以保證，權衡利弊，以選擇國外建造大型自航耙吸挖泥船的方案為好。An efficient algorithm qais is proposed that uses the efficient method to reduce database access activity, and present a novel algorithm aiu based on this algorithm, it is fit for mining association rules and incremental updating. it is especially effective in vldb, mining long patterns, and high support. the perfermance of qais / aiu is verified on the basis of synthetic data, experiments show that the proposed algorithm can mine association rules more efficiently by not generating candidate itemsets and reducing the redundancy of frequent itemsets while generating association rules
然而目前大多數挖掘關聯規則的演算法往往必需多次掃描事務數據庫才能達到要求的目標，這樣重復性的數據庫存取動作將會導致過多的執行時問浪費在i o動作上，另外在頻繁集生成規則時現有的演算法沒有考慮到規則的大量冗餘，為了解決這個問題本文提出了一個不需要生成候選集同時有效的去除生成規則時產生大量冗餘的演算法qais ，來提高關聯規則生成的速度，並且在此演算法基礎上提出了新穎的關聯規則增量更新演算法aiu ，通過應用合成數據驗證了qais aiu演算法的有效性，由試驗結果來看這個方法確實能更有效且準確地獲得事務數據庫的關聯規則，尤其適合挖掘超大數據庫中高支持度下長模式的挖掘。With the help of this program, this paper does research on the moved backwards of the slide surface, lengthening the anchor section, the soil nail ' s total force, gets conclusion about relations between the soil nail ' s length and the slope ' s grade, height, soil ' s mechanical parameter ; relations between soil nail ' s total force and coulomb soil pressure. with the help of the large multiuse finite element program ansys, this paper analyzes the soil nailing in one - step ' s slopes, in two - steps " slopes, puts the emphasis on the axis force ' s distributing along the soil nail at each rows, the effect of both the excavating mode and the original slope figure to the axis force of the soil nail, the one another effect between the upper - step slope and the nether - step slope in the soil nail ' s axis force, gets conclusion about the design of soil nail at the first low, different slope body is the same with different excavating mode, the original slope figure has more effect to some than others because of the slope body, the reasonably design of the step width in two - steps slopes, the two - steps excavating and retaining has more virtue than the one - step ' s. through soil pressure analysis this paper does research on the differences and the links between the coulomb soil pressure theory and the rankin ' s, the vertical pressure at the slope surface when the slope surface is inclined and the retaining wall is rough, the soil pressure ' s distributing behind the panel, gets conclusion about the effect of both the slope body inner stability and the slope surface local stability to the soil pressure
通過分析比較，論證了對數螺旋線型比圓弧形作為邊坡的假設滑裂面具有較多的工程優點，並為此編制了一個採用極限平衡法分析土釘支護的fortran語言程序，以此作工具對滑裂面的后移、土釘錨固段的超長、土釘總力的大小等方面作了研究，得出了有關土釘的長度與邊坡的坡角、坡高、土體力學參數的關系、土釘總力與庫侖土壓力間的關系等結論；採用大型通用有限元數值分析程序ansys分別對採用土釘支護的一階邊坡、二階邊坡進行分析，重點是研究各排土釘的軸力分佈規律、開挖方式及原始邊坡形態對土釘的軸力的影響、上下階邊坡在土釘軸力方面的相互作用，得出了有關第一排土釘的設計問題、不同類型的土體應適用於特定的開挖方式、原始開挖出的邊坡形態對一些類型坡體的邊坡土釘支護有較大的影響而對另外一些影響不大、二階邊坡臺階寬度的合理確定、二階開挖及支護比一階時具有較多的工程優點等結論；通過土壓力分析對朗肯、庫侖兩種經典土壓力理論的區別與聯系、坡面傾斜及墻背有摩擦時的坡面豎向應力分佈、面板背土壓力的分佈形態作了研究，得出了邊坡支擋土壓力受坡體內部穩定與坡面局部穩定兩個方面的影響、土釘支護面板背土體中卸荷拱的存在對面板受力有利等結論。The other method is regard the hypertext system as a weighted directed graph. after the redefinition of the confidence and support, we propose the composite association rule mining method
另一種方法是將超文本系統看成是一種有向加權圖，經過對可信度和支持度的重新定義，使之適合於用來表示用戶的訪問路徑，並引出復合關聯規則挖掘演算法。On the basis of model test, a better construction method under pre - prop for the surrounding rock i, ii, iii, named whole section excavation with heading in moderate degree and that with center heading and center partition first, then with two sides heading, is put forward
在模型試驗的基礎上，提出了、 、類圍巖隧道在預支護下的優化施工方法，即下導洞適度超前全斷面開挖與先行中導洞及中隔墻、其次兩側下導洞適度超前全斷面開挖。Abstract : in this paper the mathematical model for shape optimization of arch dam subject to crack - depth constraint is estabilshed and the super finite element method ( sfem ) for arch dam cracking analysis is used as the re - analysis method. the research findings on xiaowen arch dam show that the shape optimization of arch dam subject to crack - depth constraint may further help reduce the volume of dam
文摘:本文引進裂縫深度約束條件，研究了拱壩開裂條件下的體形優化設計問題.結構分析採用超級有限單元法，既能有效控制計算規模又能方便地反映結構開裂的局部特性.對小灣拱壩和溪洛渡拱壩進行的優化設計研究表明，在優化過程中允許開裂並考慮開裂約束條件，可以更好地挖掘拱壩潛力，進一步減小壩體混凝土方量分享友人