軟政策 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [ruǎnzhèngcè]
軟政策
英文
soft policy-
Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources
基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。In our country, the middle & small sized firms are confronted with more financing handicaps than the foreign small businesses are mainly in deficient credit with their assets, the fewer assets for mortgage and difficult in mortgage, oweing to underdevelopment of financial system, absence of credit grade evaluation, distortion of finance policy, bankrupt of some small businesses, and a series of problems
豐田、福特、微軟、科思等世界著名公司的發展，均以企業家在中小企業中的創業為發展的起點。在我國，由於金融體系不發達、商業銀行缺乏評估信貸價值的技術、政府金融政策存在扭曲、中小企業資信較差、倒閉比率較高等一系列問題，中小企業面臨著更多的融資困難。American foreign policy tends to use a carrot and stick approach toward other countries
美國對其他國家的外交政策趨向使用軟硬兼施的方法。Those in favour of a " temporary " abandonment of fiscal prudence believe that expansionary fiscal policy automatically creates sustained economic growth, that a slowdown is mainly caused by weak demand, that fiscal expansion is self - financing because faster growth generates more revenue, and that fiscal actions are easily reversible
支持「臨時」放棄財政審慎政策的人士相信：擴張性財政政策會自動形成可持續性經濟增長，經濟放緩主要是`因需求疲軟所致，財政擴張能產生自給性融資的效果，因為高增長會產生高收益，而財政行為很容易變回去。By changsha, zhuzhou and xiangtan developing knowledge intensive industries or capital intensive industries mainly, the other regions developing labor intensive industries or natural resource intensive industries mainly, cultivate mul - layer industrial clusters system of our province. implement favourable policy and carry out institutional innovation so as to improve regional soft and hard settings. introduce managers hard, exalt entrepreneur ' s quality and construct an entrepreneur team who take on internationally strategic eye - sight
實施產業集群發展戰略必須採取相應的政策和措施，比如區分產業集群和產業政策觀點，實施鼓勵集群發展的政策；以長株潭地區發展知識或資金密集型產業為主，其他市州縣發展勞動或資源密集型產業為主，培育和發展我省多層次產業集群體系；實施優惠政策，進行制度創新，改善區域軟硬環境；積極引進人才，提升企業家素質，建設一支具有國際戰略眼光的企業家隊伍；塑造信任、合作、創新的區域和集群文化；加大專業市場建設力度，努力打造區域品牌，推進區域營銷等。The enemy resorted to both tough and soft tactics, but succeeded in neither.
敵人的高壓和軟化政策都失敗了。Low - key policies that seemed adequate a couple of years ago have struggled to keep pace with the explosive growth of trade
歐盟軟調的國家政策在多年前似乎令人滿意，而現在正如火如荼地緊跟勢如爆炸的貿易增長。The diocese should strengthen the functions of the catholic education office so that it may play a role in coordinating communication and cooperation among catholic schools including human and physical resources, hardware and software, taking an interest in and making positive responses to government policies relating to education, and enabling all catholic schools to develop the relationship of partners in striving to reach their common objectives with one heart and mind
加強教區教育事務處功能作統籌天主教學校的溝通和合作的角色，有效地運用各學校的資源包括人力物力硬體軟體，關心及積極回應政府有關教育的政策同時促使所有天主教學校建立同心同德同行的伴關系，為共同目標而努力。Starting with analyzing the basic internal motive on japanese lowering cost, this part points out dalian competition advantages in geography, historical culture, preferential policies to the japanese software and the customizing training of software talents under the positive environment of china
從分析日本本國降低成本的基本內因入手，指出在全中國大好環境的前提下，大連在地理，歷史文化，對日軟體優惠內容提要旦旦旦旦只照旦旦只照旦旦旦，旦旦政策以及對日軟體人才定製培養等多方面的竟爭優勢。According to the definition and considering our country ' s special condition, the article points out that the key to realize the model of sustainable development is to build up a positive < wp = 8 > relationship between economy and population 、 resource and environment, so we take the model that remedy and develop at the same time when carrying out the strategy of sustainable development. according to this, in order to promote the sustainable development strategy, we should consummate our tax policies from four aspects as follow : firstly, set a just and effective tax system when distribute resources and regulate economy, by this way, we can promote the adjustment of industries, and improve the efficiency of resource arrangement ; secondly, set a relative tax system targets to promote the research of science and technology ; thirdly, design a series of tax policies targets to protect environment, and consummate our tax system in resource protecting ; lastly, consummate the related tax policies in improving citizen ' s comprehensive capability and social insurance
鑒於此，我國的稅收政策也應從以下四個方面著手完善，以促進可持續發展：建立公平、有效的稅收分配和調控機制，促進產業結構調整，提高資源配置；建立以環境保護為目標的環境稅收政策，完善以資源保護為目標的資源稅收體系；完善稅收政策在促進人口素質提高及社會保障方面的措施。基於以上認識，本文進而對我國稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略中的現狀作< wp = 6 >了分析，具體分析了我國稅收政策在促進科技進步，經濟結構調整，節約資源與保護環境等方面的作用與不足。我國現有的稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略方面已發揮了巨大作用，對科技進步給予了越來越多的關注，對包括軟體行業在內的高新技術產業實施了各種稅收優惠措施；通過稅收政策有效調整了產業組織結構，促進了產業結構升級換代；通過各種稅費措施，對節約利用資源和保護環境都起到了積極的作用。Providing products to client of front line, which are extremely ignored usually and are supported by the government authroties in the future, can give us satisfied profit space, such as statistical information collecting project. on the another side, technical thoughts is software and hardware is associated closely and producing coping effect. so it can reach the company ' s goal of cost control ^ keeping technology secrece and maintain and sales conveniently, such as dynamic password card ( srz04 personal indetity project )
公司本著穩健經營、成本至上的原則，著眼長遠，提供行業基層科技應用需要被極度忽略、而宏觀政策將在未來給予大力支持的產品，避開可能的競爭對手，先行一步，以其獲得滿意的利潤空間，如統計信息採集項目等；產品思路將走軟、硬體相結合、有復制效應的技術路線，以利於成本控制、技術保密、維護方便、銷售有利等目的，如動態口令機（ srz04身份認證項目） 。As an important part of soft project of nsfc named " research on sustentation policy and performance of major project, nsfc ", this paper introduces relevant theories methods and research status of the world. based on retrospecting the 15 years " sustentation, from view of property and amount, by applying many methods of s & t evaluation, this thesis deeply analyses its sustentation policy and management mode, makes amount research on sustentation - output, summarizes the effect and puts forward some developing countermeasure
本文作為國家自然科學基金委員會計劃局軟課題? ? 「國家自然科學基金重大項目資助政策及績效研究」的主要部分，系統地介紹了科技評價及科技管理的相關理論、方法以及國內外研究現狀，在對國家自然科學基金重大項目15年資助歷程回顧的基礎上，從定性和定量的角度，運用科學計量法、案例研究與回溯法等多種科技評價方法，深刻分析了科學基金重大項目的資助政策及管理模式，重點進行了重大項目的資助及產出的計量研究，總結了重大項目的作用及影響，提出了其組織管理的發展對策。Chapter three is the introduction of the tax policies related to our country software industry, and international comparison and drawing relatively experiences from other countries. chapter four is the positive analysis that tax policies takes the influence to the software industry
促進軟體產業發展的稅收政策是政府根據特定的目的、在特定時間和特定范圍內對特定對象所制定的稅收附加規定和特別規定，是稅法中規定的優惠待遇的條款。Part 3 is the empirical analysis to the influencing factor of listed company ' s capital structure in china, specifically with spss software and main composition analysis method, it correlated dividend policy, income tax, equity structure, non liability tax shield and income variation level of company, company growth, company ' s profit ability, asset structure, company ' s scale with capital structure ( the contents embrace btdr, bldr, bsdr ), we make the conclusion as follows : comparing with the research result of influencing factor of the company ' s capital structure of the developed country, the influencing factors of the listed company ' s capital structure in china have partial similarnesses
第三部分中國上市公司資本結構的影響因素分析這部分是本文的重點之一，具體是採用spss11 . 5軟體，用主成分分析法與多元回歸分析，對公司的股利政策、所得稅、股權結構、非負債稅盾、收入變異程度、公司的成長性、公司盈利能力、資產結構、公司規模與代表資本結構的變量（ btdr ， bldr ， bsdr ）作相關研究，結果是：和發達國家公司資本結構的影響因素研究結果相比較，我國上市公司資本結構的影響因素存在部分相似性。Looks from the microscopic stratification plane : erp as well as the enterprise information implementation main body mainly including enterprise, management software merchant, and the consultant company. government impetus and the policy supports are also necessary. the system integration business provides the physical level and application level integrated, also integrate the profession association to play promotes the erp idea and training role
從微觀層面來看， erp以及企業信息化的實施的主體主要有企業，管理軟體廠商和咨詢實施公司，更大的范圍就包括政府的推動與政策扶持，系統集成商提供物理層和應用層的集成，還有行業協會起到推廣erp理念與培訓作用， erp能否成功實施一直是業界比較關注的問題，其實施方法至今仍然在不斷改進和完善。When china entered the wto, the competition in absorbing foreign capitals becomes more intensive. the competition focus has transferred from the base environment to the soft environment. every district carries out policies to strengthen its attraction, especially in beijing
入世以後，引資競爭進一步加劇，其焦點已經從改善投資硬環境轉移到投資軟環境上來，各地紛紛出臺一系列吸引外商投資的政策、措施，以增強本地區的吸引力，尤其是北京、上海、廣州、深圳等處于中國對外開放前沿、經濟勢頭發展強勁的現代化城市，在此番競爭中其激烈程度可想而知。Paper regards the vegetables current situation as background, analyze our country and foreign vegetables marketing disparity of channel, combine the survey of existing vegetables marketing channels in wuhan, direct three main vegetables marketing channels : wholesale market, farm market, supermarket. finding the existing problem and the relation and conflict each other. have put forward the corresponding improvement measure : wholesale market as the tap of the vegetables marketing channel, in the face of sell smooth, fund shortage, facility simple and crude, communication way outmoded market that exist at present, must adopt with governed by law field, increase input, and scientific appraisal make their functions perfect further ; farm market as the vegetables marketing channel system of produce of foundation, should fully realize meaning in which the market have, dispel the restriction factor of market development, heighten the level, which manage and improve ; supermarket as the new member, should see clearly the existing problem in the hardware and software terms, utilize government microscopically policy support, strengthen self - building, make the new developing achievement state of competence develop better
論文共五章：第一章是論文研究的目的和意義以及營銷渠道的主要理論和國內外的研究動態；第二章是國內外蔬菜營銷渠道分析及比較，以我國蔬菜產銷現狀為背景，分析了我國與國外蔬菜營銷渠道的差距；第三章是對武漢市蔬菜營銷渠道的現狀分析，主要是針對蔬菜批發市場、農貿市場、超市這三個主要渠道成員存在的問題及其相互之間的關系與沖突，提出了相應的改進措施；作為蔬菜營銷渠道龍頭的批發市場，面對當前存在的市場萎縮、銷售不暢、資金短缺、設施簡陋、方式陳舊等問題，必須採取以法治場、加大投入、科學論證的方法使其功能進一步完善；作為蔬菜營銷渠道體系基礎的農貿市場，應充分認識市場存在的意義，消除市場發展的制約因素，提高管理和革新的水平；作為蔬菜營銷渠道新成員的超市，要認清經營中硬體和軟體兩方面存在的問題，利用政府宏觀政策支持，加強自身建設，使這一代表先進生產力水平的新興的業態更好地發展。At the soonest approach concerned the theoryon after liberation was producer goods precedence growth, two greater part proportional relation and others, present research tend to industrial structure fluctuant resource allocation effect, industrial policy, traditional industry ' s adjustment and quantification research. industry organization theory is based on microeconomics, orthodox industry organization theory ' s basic feature is scp analyses paradigm, primary school has harvard as well as non - mainstream ' s chicago school, innovation school and neo - austrian school. hotspots in our country recent years are enterprise size, industrial concentration, market structure, as well as relation to performance, entering and exit mechanism and industrial system policy. this article takes over evolutionary economics ' s analytical approach to analyse institution and technology change, which may affect manufacturing industry, and using evolutive viewpoint to research competition, regional cooperation. based on industrial economics ' s theory, the artical puts forward that manufacturing industry take the leading function in economic structure transformation, manufacturing industry ' s laging is maxima drawback for the agro - industry change, and others
產業結構理論早在威廉?配第的著作中已有論及，要點是產業間的相對收入差異導致勞動力的部門流動；后來又有關于勞動力在三次產業間移動趨勢的研究，產業結構演替規律的分析，工業化過程與后工業化社會，工業結構的高加工度、高技術化及產業結構軟化等問題的研究，我國建國後有關的理論最早探討生產資料優先增長、兩大部類比例關系等，目前的研究則趨于對產業結構變動的資源配置效應、產業政策、傳統產業調整進行定量化研究。產業組織理論以微觀經濟學為基礎，正統的產業組織理論的基本特徵是scp分析範式，主要有哈佛學派和芝加哥學派、新制度學派和新奧地利學派。Now the search has begun for software that can help them turn databases, world wide web sites, library materials, policy memos - - even data about the expertise of agency employees - - into more than bits in a machine
現在（他們）已開始尋找一種軟體，以幫助他們把數據庫、萬維網站、庫材料、政策備忘錄（甚至有關雇員技能的數據）變得比機器中比特更有用。It advacates that system and standardization should be needed in the software resource construction of geography teaching. the provincial education department should plan wholly, make up technical rules and its contents, regulate the teachers " preparation, set ip the evaluating standard of software resource construction of geography teaching so that it can construct and manage the software resource construction of geography teaching at high schools in a rational manner
本文認為中學地理教學軟體資源建設需要在一定區域范圍內實行體系化和標準化，目前及今後相當長的時間這一區域范圍以省級行政區為宜，因此，省級基礎教育行政、教研、電教部門要聯合起來，統一領導、統籌規劃，建立專門組織，制定軟體資源建設政策和技術規范，推廣統一的教師備課平臺，建立健全軟體資源評價體系，系統地建設、管理省級中學地理教學軟體資源庫。分享友人