轉變速率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhuǎnbiàn]
轉變速率 英文
rate of transformation
  • : 轉構詞成分。
  • : Ⅰ形容詞(迅速; 快) fast; rapid; quick; speedy Ⅱ名詞1 (速度) speed; velocity 2 (姓氏) a surna...
  • : 率名詞(比值) rate; ratio; proportion
  • 轉變 : change; convert; transform; turn
  • 速率 : speed; rate; tempo
  1. Abstract : in the research of internal combustion engine, recordingin - cylinder pressure and temperature is an essential technique to study the thermal cycle of internal combustion engine. the combustion analyzer developed in this study will give both the measurements at sampling points per crank angle or sampling cycle, calculate and show the real time parameters which decide the working process of internal combustion engine, such as pressure accelerating rate, indicateed mean effective pressure, cycle - to - cycle variation, heat release rate, etc. compared with the imported congeneric products, the analyzer has many advantages such as chinese interface, low price, easy operateing, convenience in maintainance and easy upgrading

    文摘:為了測錄內燃機缸內的壓力及溫度,開發了一種內燃機燃燒分析儀.該分析儀由國產高數據採集卡及自行開發的控制軟體組成.它不僅能精確設置每度曲軸角內采樣點的個數和採集循環數,而且在採集過程中能實時計算和表徵內燃機工作過程的壓力升高、平均指示壓力、循環、放熱等參數.經實際使用以及與國外產品相比表明,此分析儀具有全中文界面、價格低、操作簡單、使用維護方便、功能便於擴充等優點
  2. By analysing the relationship among the parameters such as substrate, speed, tension, rotational speed, shape distortion of paper etc, this article put forward a control law to control the drive transmission roller in emery cloth and sand paper production line, the principle is based on hooke ' s law

    摘要本文根據彈性力學中的虎克定律,結合砂布砂紙生產特點,分析計算了生產線中基體、應度、張力、等參數之間的關系,建立了砂布砂紙生產線中傳動輥(頻)運動方程。
  3. The north border of the basement, extended from west to east along the north latitude 38, this latitude structure zone is part of the zone in the middle of ordos basin along the north latitude 38, this is caused by the rate of earth rotation, according with the condition of global harmonic function

    壓陷北界沿北緯38帶東西向展布,該緯向構造是沿鄂爾多斯盆地中部38帶分佈的緯向構造帶的一部分,是由地球自化引起,符合全球協和函數的條件。
  4. Collisonal quantum interference ( cqi ) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. to observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken, from which the differential interference angle can be obtained precisely. in this paper, the theoretical model of cqi is described in an atom - diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first - born approximation of time dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the anisotropic lennard - jones interaction potentials. the method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. the changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter, velocity, and et al. are discussed

    分子內部動傳能的靜態池實驗觀察到了碰撞量子干涉效應( cqi ) ,並且測得積分干涉角,為了獲得更加精確的分子內部動傳能的碰撞量子干涉效應信息,實驗就必須要採用分子束實驗進行.本文理論上採用各項異性相互作用勢,應用含時微擾理論的一級波恩近似,假想在分子束實驗的條件下,建立在原子-雙原子分子體系中碰撞量子干涉的理論模型.理論上推導出微分干涉角具體表達式,通過計算定性地討論了微分干涉角隨著碰撞參數、等的化趨勢,同時初步探討了實驗的正確觀測途徑,得出了採用分子束進行實驗觀測的實驗方法,為進一步進行分子束實驗提供了理論基礎,對實驗的進行起到了一定的借鑒作用
  5. The spin - down rate has been measured for almost every radio pulsar, and theory indicates that it depends on the strength of the star ' s magnetic field

    這種自慢的,幾乎每一顆無線電波霎都量得到,而理論指出,此和星體的磁場強度有關。
  6. With the increase of substrate salinity, the accumulated sodium and chloride increased. as a result, all tissues had considerablly lower osmotic potentials than that of the solution on which they were grown at 60 day after planting. changes in length, dry weight, water content, ion concentrations, osomotic potential, ion content of hypocotyls during culture indicated that viviparous hypocotyls not only afforded nutrition for seedling growth, but also reserved ions, thus charged the balance of ion concentration and osmotic potential of the seedling

    鹽脅迫下幼苗單株葉面積下降的程度大於光合的降低,葉面積的減小是導致減產的主要原因;木欖幼苗各組分中的離子濃度以及含量隨栽培時間而化;栽培初期剛萌根時,幼苗原胚軸中的離子滲漏到培養液中;此後隨著根系的發育以及芽的生長,幼苗為從培養液中吸收離子,並以吸收na 、 cl離子為主。
  7. Tv is a speedboat, zipping and weaving in response to ratings, reviews, fan clubs and the zeitgeist

    電視則像高遊艇,隨時根據收視、評論、觀眾俱樂部和時代潮流,自如地方向。
  8. With the development of power electronics technology and devices in recent years, instead of using the industrial frequency transformer to boost voltage, dc / dc high frequency converter achieves the function. the system has higher power density and conversion efficiency, and the size, weight, ac noise of which has been greatly reduced

    近年來,隨著電力電子技術與器件的迅發展,使用dc dc高頻換技術代替工頻升壓,系統具有較高的功密度與換效,裝置體積、重量與交流噪聲大大減小。
  9. When the dispersed phase droplet initial diameter was relatively small, the coalescence rate varied sharply as the dispersed phase droplet initial diameter changed, the coalescence effect was dominating with increasing the screw rotation speed and decreasing the output

    當液滴初始直徑較小時,其集聚隨著初始直徑的化而急劇化;提高螺桿和降低擠出機產量有利於集聚的發生,分散效果較差。
  10. The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements, ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field, the chemical component, surface configuration, microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably. such kind of change can be described as the followings. firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases, but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced, and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce, la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y. on the other side, when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500, their properties will change

    結果顯示化學沉積co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工藝在稀土元素( ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ) 、能量(超聲波、磁場)介入后,沉積過程、合金成分、鍍層形貌結構和性能都有顯著化,表現在:鍍液的陰極極化過電位和極化度降低,沉積度提高;鍍層的結合力、表面質量改善;鍍層中過渡族元素的含量增加,輕元素硼的含量降低,同時證實了稀土元素與過渡族元素共沉積的可能性;鍍層的顯微結構由非晶態向微晶和多晶態;鍍層的顯微硬度與耐磨性提高,力學性能優化;鍍層的矯頑力降低;磁導提高;鍍層的磁化強度在能量(超聲波、磁場)和輕稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高,重稀土元素y介入后降低。
  11. The crystallization and melting behavior of mellocene - catalized branched and linear polyethylenes of low molecular weight was studied. it was found that the crystalline lattice of branched polyethylene is larger than that of linear polyethylene because of the existence of branched chains. the melting behavior of branched polyethylene is similar to that of linear polyethylene since the branched chains can not enter the lattice. however, the crystalline behavior of low molecular weight branched polyethylene is the same as that of high molecular weight linear polyethylene, but different with that of low molecular weigh linear polyethylene. kinetics theory analysis evidenced that the transition temperature of growth regime of the branched polyethylene is about 20 lower than that of linear polyethylene with the same molecular weight. it may be attributed to the existence of short branched chains

    研究了金屬茂催化的低分子量支化聚乙烯和線性聚乙烯的結晶及熔融行為,發現支化聚乙烯的結構與線性聚乙烯相同為正交結構,但晶格略有膨脹.支鏈的存在對熔融行為影響不大,兩種聚乙烯的熔點均隨結晶溫度的升高而非線性增加,表現出低分子量樣品的共同特徵.但支鏈的存在對結晶行為卻有很大的影響,主要是由於支鏈的存在降低了晶體的結晶從而影響結晶過程,使得低分子量的支化聚乙烯的結晶行為與高分子量線性聚乙烯的結晶行為相似而與低分子量的線性聚乙烯不同.動力學分析表明,低分子量的支化聚乙烯的結晶生長方式的溫度比同等分子量的線性聚乙烯降低了約20
  12. Based on the basic analysis of the structure and power elements of the hybrid vehicle, this thesis presents a powertrain system with a metal pushing belt cvt, aiming to the development status and trend of the hybrid vehicle technology in our country. a rational control strategy and its work mode of this powertrain system are determined, and correlative parameters such as the engine power, the starting torque, and the differential ratio, the rated power and torque of the motor, and the ratio of the torque synthesizer are systematically designed for the changan star 6350b. at the same time, the design of these parameters is considered as the base of the simulation of the motor control system in next step

    在對混合動力汽車的結構型式和動力元件進行基礎性理論分析后,針對我國汽車技術發展現狀和混合動力汽車技術的發展趨勢,設計了一種基於金屬帶式無級自動器cvt混合動力汽車動力傳動系統方案,根據該傳動系統方案制定了比較合理的控制策略和工作模式,並針對長安之星6350b設計了發動機功和起始矩、主減比、電機的額定功矩、矩合成器比等相關參數,為下一步的電機控制系統模擬實驗打下基礎。
  13. Besides, the growth of gasb expitaxy film was monitored by reflection high energy electron diffraction ( rheed ). the rheed images and intesity oscillation are collected by computer system. it showed that the gasb film prepared in 400 was amorphous and it became monocrystalline when the temperature rose to 500. atomic force microscope ( afm ) was applied to analyse the surface morphology of the films which were grown in diffrent growth rates or substrate temperature. the analysis were compared to simulation results. the experiment results indicated it was easy to form clusters when the rate of growth is high or

    此外,本文通過反射式高能電子衍射( rheed )監測了gasb外延薄膜的生長,利用rheed強度振蕩的計算機採集系統實現了rheed圖像和rheed強度振蕩的實時監測。實驗發現在400生長的gasb薄膜為非晶態,溫度升高到500薄膜為單晶。利用原子力顯微鏡對不同生長和襯底溫度生長的gasb薄膜的表面形貌進行觀察分析,並與模擬結果進行比較。
  14. This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits

    本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳異和相關研究,表明除正常幼苗百分外,其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質換效、電導兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關,因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質換效、種子貯藏物質利用;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳異系數和相對遺傳進展,指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的
  15. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd : yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用,從四能級方程出發,推導了ld泵浦nd : yag激光器的閾值、輸出功和斜效的表達式,並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法;其次,以空間相關的方程為基礎,提出了ld端面泵浦nd : yag激光器的設計方法,給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下,振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據,以此為依據,設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功ld泵浦nd : yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功ld泵浦nd : yag激光器,對激光器的輸出功和功穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究;再次,在帶尾纖輸出的高功ld泵浦nd : yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒,觀察到了激光器以單縱模運;最後,根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功的影響規律,提出了ld端面泵浦nd : yag激光位移傳感新方法,並進行了理論和實驗研究,研究結果表明:當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時,激光輸出功的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯化規律,測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功,隨著泵浦功的增加,測量范圍擴大,靈敏度提高,當端面泵浦功為7 . 24w (最大輸出功為1 . 926w )時,激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  16. In this paper, several scheme of vscf is compared firstly, of which gets doubly - fed generating mode. doubly - fed vscf wind power generating system uses a doubly - fed induction generator, which rotate speed can be able to change with wind turbine, and it ensures a constant - frequency output, by controlling the frequency of current input into rotor windings. in vector trans control system, the control of stator active power and the control of stator reactive power can be essentially decoupled, and the former is via torque component and the latter is via exciting component of stator current

    本文首先比較了幾種恆頻方案,從中選擇了雙饋式恆頻方案;它運用雙饋電機的工作原理,允許發電機化,而在電機子側接入低頻勵磁電流,通過控制該電流的頻,保證雙饋電機定子輸出的頻恆定;再結合矢量控制技術,通過調節子電流來控制定子電流的矩分量和勵磁分量,相應獨立地控制發電機輸出的有功功和無功功
  17. Aimed at design index of input power 1. 5kw, most output rotate velocity 300rpm, and rating output rotate velocity 150rpm, considering factors of angle and ratio of transmission, on the basis of kinematics simulation, author optimized the kinematics parameters. in this paper, author has made some analysis and study to the primal assembly condition of transformer ' s sequential action in theory, designed structure dimension of the input and output transformer, and verified the corresponding strengthen. further, the structure, which is to key transmission components of velocity control system of the speed regulator, has been designed based on meeting operational sensitivity, precision and self - locking

    本文針對輸入功為1 . 5kw ,最大輸出,額定輸出的無級器的設計要求,並考慮到傳動角及比等因素,在運動學模擬的基礎上,對運動學參數進行了優化;本文對換器連續作用的初始裝配條件進行了理論分析與研究,對輸入、輸出換器作了結構尺寸的設計,並進行了強度校核計算;本文還對器調系統中主要傳動構件在滿足操作的靈敏度、精度、自鎖性的基礎上進行了結構設計;最後採用workingmodel3d軟體,進行虛擬樣機的計算機輔助模擬設計及運動學和動力學計算。
  18. It was found that polymerization rate was increased with the increased dosage of initiator or surfactant ; particle size of miniemulsion was kept relatively stable during polymerization when an initiator of lower solubility was used ; an increase in dosage of dpr reduced polymerization rate, but showed no significant impact on the final monomer conversion

    實驗結果表明:引發劑或乳化劑的用量增加可以提高單體的;引發劑水溶性的降低可以更好地控制聚合過程中的粒徑化;歧化松香含量的增加降低了聚合,但對單體的最終影響不大。
  19. In this paper, we briefly introduced the performance of wave coding and vocoder, emphasizedly studied the principle and performance of variable rate vocoder q4401, including the internal construction and pins, qcelp coder & vocoder, pcm interface, cpu interface initialization process, command format and so on. we also designed a application circuit, with the experiment validated its performance. in this design, the pcm interface chip is tp3057, it was used to finish a / d transform, the compress coding was finished by q4401, the initialization and control were accomplished by 8051 singlechip

    重點是研究語音編解碼晶元q4401的工作原理及性能。其中包括q4401的內部結構及管腳、 qcelp編碼方式、 pcm介面、 cpu介面、初始化過程、命令格式等,並在此基礎上,設計一個實際的應用電路,通過實驗,驗證其性能。在設計中用pcm介面晶元tp3057來完成從模擬信號到數字信號的換,再由q4401進行壓縮編碼,對q4401的初始化及控制由8051單片機來完成。
  20. Based on these advantages we analyze the performance of constant - power variable - rate m - qam schemes for spectrally efficient data transmission over nmf channels. by introducing the adaptive modulation approach, we gain two things : 1 ) the error rate is kept at a constant level. 2 ) the achievable spectral efficiency comes within 5 db of the shannon capacity limit. at the last chapter, the presentation of a single base station and a single mobile scenario proved the feasibility of adaptive schemes

    然後作者的精力入通道的自適應方案的研究中,首先通過研究發現nakagami衰落因子的適當調整可以近似於常見的瑞利衰落和萊斯衰落,接著研究在無線通道中採用三種不同自適應方案時的通道容量,研究表明的調整是增加通道容量的關鍵,在此基礎上,著重研究了離散qam的情況,表明這種調制方案無論在頻帶利用還是在系統平均誤碼比其它情況提高很多。
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