近世思想 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jìnshìsīxiǎng]
近世思想
英文
modernism-
We will firstly describe the historical turning of the connotation and extension of the category of western justice, and give totally out of it the theoretical crux. the second part of this text is history article, in which we will timely trace back to ancient greece, through middle ages, end up modern age, to describe simply the historical turning of the western ideas of justice in the theoretical appearance of virtue ethics, theological ethics, utilitarianism, and deontology
本文第一部分為范疇篇，首先綜述西方公正范疇的內涵和外延的歷史演變，從總體上揭示出其中的理論內核；然後是第二部分為歷史篇，時間上從古希臘源頭起，經中世紀，最後至近代，將德性論、神學論、功利論、義務論等幾種公正思想形態的歷史演變簡要梳理出來。As we all known, with the founding of euclidean geometry in ancient greece, with the development of analytic geometry and other kinds of geometries, with f. kline " s erlanger program in 1872 and the new developments of geometry in 20th century such as topology and so on, man has developed their understand of geometry. on the other hand, euclid formed geometry as a deductive system by using axiomatic theory for the first time. the content and method of geometry have dramatically changed, but the geometry curriculum has not changed correspondingly until the first strike from kline and perry " s appealing
縱觀幾何學發展的歷史，可以稱得上波瀾壯闊：一方面，從古希臘時代的歐氏綜合幾何，到近代解析幾何等多種幾何的發展，以及用變換的方法處理幾何的埃爾朗根綱領，到20世紀拓撲學、高維空間理論等幾何學的新發展，這一切都在不斷豐富人們對幾何學的認識；另一方面，從歐幾里得第一次使用公理化方法把幾何學組織成一個邏輯演繹體系，到羅巴切夫斯基非歐幾何的發現，以及希爾伯特形式公理體系的建立，極大地發展了公理化思想方法，不管是幾何學的內容還是方法都發生了質的飛躍。This paper expounds the development and variation of the forestry science ， forest and forestry neally in past two cen turies the forestry science in itself goes through a transformation from traditional forestry science to modern forestry s cience. the modern forestry science, with the object of studying the establishment ， manageme nt and exploitation of the forestry ecosystem and the core of developing the eco logical environinent functi on of the forestry ecosystem ， is a subject that takes an overall play to the mul tiple benefits and function of forest. the cognition of forest also undergoes a variation from a single tree to trees g roup and still to forest ecosystem due to the deep alteration of the understand ing of forestry science and forest ， people begin changing their understanding of forestry from a central for m of timber utilizing which formed for a long time to a form that takes developi ng the ecological environment function of forestry ecosystem as its core and fo cal point ， and takes an overall play to the ecological ， economical and social function of forestry as its leadi ng thought and aim ， so as to realize the sustainable development of forestry
論述了林學、森林與林業近兩個多世紀以來的發展和變化.林學經歷了由傳統林學向現代林學的轉變.現代林學是以森林生態系統的營建、經營管理和利用為研究對象，以發揮森林生態系統的生態環境功能為核心，全面發揮森林的多種效益和多種功能為目的的學科.對森林的認識也經歷了由單株樹木到樹木群體到森林生態系統的變化.由於對林學及森林認識的深刻變化，人們對林業的認識也就從長期形成的以木材利用為中心，轉變到以發揮森林生態系統的生態環境作用為核心和重點，全面發揮森林的生態、經濟和社會功能作為林業的指導思想和目標，以實現林業的可持續發展The translated works in this category from the west has brought to the chinese a completely new knowledge of geography, thus causing a " geographical discovery " of new concepts
19世紀西方地理學譯著給近代中國人帶來了全新的地理學知識，形成了新思想的「地理大發現」 。The ideas of health and hygiene in china were close to the main ideological trend of the world
應當說，晚近以來健康觀與衛生思想，基本趨近於當時重要的世界醫學及衛生學主流思潮。Get female one, hole of piece liu from gong zizhen, wei yuan, from cause and use and send to the reform group by generation, all care chinese kind and upright men of criminal law call upon criminal law of reforming strongly, adapting to the change of the modern society, their thought speech has offered the continuous thought motive force without cease for reforming the criminal law
從龔自珍、魏源到劉坤一、張之洞，從經世致用派到改革派，所有關心中國法律的仁人志士強烈呼籲改革刑律，以適應近代社會的變化，他們的思想言論為改革刑律提供了綿延不絕的思想動力。Th from 20 century, the corporation and cooperation have held an dominant position in china. s economy, the thoughts of china. s enterprise system mainly concentrate on corporation and cooperation, so this dissertation aims at making clear and commenting on the evolution of the corporation and cooperation thoughts. the main contents are as follows : chapter 1 : the feature s of corporation such as body corporation, limited liability, the types of corporation, the system variation of corporation in china and the reason which caused it
進入20世紀以來，公司制和合作制企業在中國社會經濟中占據了主導地位，近代社會各界關于企業制度問題的討論也主要集中在這兩種企業類型上，因此本文主要以公司制企業與合作制企業思想為研究對象，研究內容包括：第一章，公司制基本制度特徵，如法人財產、有限責任等問題。Lubman, stanley, 1967, mao and mediation : politics and dispute resolution in communist china, 55 calif. l. rev
黃宗智， 2000 ： 「學術理論與中國近現代史研究」 ，強世功譯，載賀照田（主編） ： 《學術思想評論》 ，遼寧教育出版社。Because these literatures don not mean to focus on liang ' s economic thought, only some sketch on economic thought of liang qichao have been reviewed, which included the recent history of china ' s economic thoughts if edited by professor zhao jing and yi menghong ( 1980 ), history of china ' s economic thoughts if ( ye shichang 1980 ), the lucid history of china ' s recent economic thoughts ( ye shichang 1998 ), the history of china ' s recent economic thowghteiii ( hou, houji & wu, qijing 1984 ), the syllabus of china ' s recent economic thoughts history ( hu, jichuang 1984 ), the fogotten corner in history - rethinking of liangs thought of new citizenship and economics ( wu, shenyuan 1999 ), after the study of the a bove mentioned works, i continue to read other literature on liang qichao ' s economic thoughts
這些著作有趙靖、易夢虹教授主編的《中國近代經濟思想史》下冊（ 1980年） ，葉世昌教授的《中國經濟思想簡史》下冊（ 1980年）和《近代中國經濟思想史》 （ 1998年） ，侯厚吉、吳其敬教授主編的《中國近代經濟思想史稿》第三冊（ 1984年） ，胡寄窗教授的《中國近代經濟思想史大綱》 （ 1984年） ，吳申元教授等的《被歷史「遺忘的角落」 ? ?梁啟超的新民學說與經濟思想》 （ 1999年）等。Based on recent english literature, this paper has summed up the present state and development of important gravimeters in the world, described a new type digital supergravimeter, and a mew designing idea for gravimeter, viz, the application of absolute scale to the measurement of relative gravity
摘要根據最近的英文文獻，綜述了世界上重力儀的現狀及的發展，介紹了一種新型的數字式超級重力儀，以及重力儀的一個新的設計思想應用絕對標度測量相對重力。Abstract : based on recent english literature, this paper has summed up the present state and development of important gravimeters in the world, described a new type digital supergravimeter, and a new designing idea for gravimeter, viz. the application of absolute scale to the measurement of relative gravity
文摘:根據最近的英文文獻，綜述了世界上重力儀的現狀及的發展，介紹了一種新型的數字式超級重力儀，以及重力儀的一個新的設計思想應用絕對標度測量相對重力。Li ' s opening - up thoughts were transitional yet forward - looking, and could serve as guidance on the old china ' s forced transition towards its modernization
李鴻章的開放思想，對中國的近代性向現代性的被迫轉向，具有前瞻性、過渡性和導向性的醒世價值。In past of chinese modem age of many thousand year inside, the economic thought usually is a by - product that economy the thought usually express to political literature in the other and every kind of culture literature. going to the twenty century 30 - 40, the part of chinese scholars accepted the systemic education on western economic theories had studied the chinese economy to develop from the each aspect so that industrial ize with lay claim toed to have the unprecedented development
在中國近代以前的幾千年中，經濟思想常常表現為政治諫疏的副產品，散見于其他各種文化資料之中，到二十世紀三四十年代，一部分接受過系統西方經濟理論學習的中國經濟學家從各個方面探討了中國經濟發展的問題，中國工業化的理論和主張有了空前的發展。The research on open architecture controller is the important trend in the field of advanced manufacturing technology and has made great progress during the last twenty years
開放體系結構控制器的設計思想在上個世紀80年代提出，近20年間其研究取得了巨大進展。Thomas aquinas epitomized the overall medieval aesthetics thought, who exerted important influence on the development of western modern aesthetics
摘要托馬斯?阿奎那是中世紀美學思想的集大成者，對西方近現代美學思想發展也有重大影響。Even though, youwei - kang and yukichi - fukuzawa experienced the modern western ideology - because of their lack of entire understanding of it - their presented theory was not mature enough and could n ' t be systematised. despite this fact they reformed the field of ideology, because they introduced a new view on the world and a theory which was contrastive with the traditional concept
他們都接受和吸取了西方近代思想，但由於認識和了解不夠全面，他們所提倡和宣揚的學說還不成熟，尚未達到體系化的程度，但畢竟是提出了一個新的世界觀和理論學說，與傳統的觀念形成了鮮明的對比，使思想領域發生了一場變革。Inspired from the ‘ small world phenomenon ’ of social networks, a quickly developed theory overseas, the author used characteristic path length and clustering coefficient of swm ( small world model ) to examine frequency and centralization of communication in r & d teams
從社會網路的小世界現象中得到啟示，筆者引入近年來國外發展很快的「小世界」理論，提出用「小世界」 （ w - s模型）的特徵路徑長度和集團化系數來表徵研發團隊知識共享的頻率和集中度的思想。The architectural trends in the west used here means the main trends which have influenced the formation of modern architectural system of china, and which emerged after the 19th century chiefly in europe and the united states
這里所謂西方建築思潮，是指十九世紀以來曾對中國近代建築體系的形成產生過影響的西方（主要指歐美國家）主流建築思想。Although the field of ideology for enlightenment is very wide and had great influence on almost every important subject in the modern society, i want to limit it ' s field according to the following area ; view of history, view of politics, view of studies and view of education. analyzing and comparing in this area, i also want to make a new view on the world of youwei - kang and yukichi - fukuzawa and the precise effect which they brought in the ideological change in both counties
他們的社會啟蒙思想領域非常廣泛，可以說幾乎涉及近代社會的各種重大問題，但由於本人水平的局限，本論文只從歷史觀、政治觀、學問觀和教育觀等方面進行分析比較，以此來展現康有為和福澤諭吉的新世界觀和他們在兩國的思想變革中所起的重要作用。History articles in dushu since 1990 have several tendencies : the status of intellectual history rises ; the images of universities are reconstructed ; authors pay much attention to the fate of intellectuals of modern china ; macro - history spreads widely and arouses dispute
摘要20世紀90年代以來的《讀書》史學類文章有幾個特點：思想史學科地位上升，近代大學形象被重新建構，作者群對近代知識分子持續關注， 「大歷史」觀念廣泛傳播並引起爭議等。分享友人