追溯法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhuīsùfǎ]
追溯法 英文
retroactive method
  • 追 : Ⅰ動詞1 （追趕） chase after; run after; pursue; catch up with 2 （追究） trace; look into; get to...
  • 溯 : 動詞1. （逆著水流的方向走） go against the stream 2. （往上推求或回想） trace back; recall
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 追溯 : retrospect; review; run; trace back to; date from
  1. 3. no bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed

    不得通過公民權利剝奪法案或追溯既往的法律。
  2. 1. no state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of credit ; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2

    第十款任何一州都不得：締結任何條約，參加任何同盟或邦聯頒發捕獲敵船許可狀鑄造貨幣發行紙幣使用金銀幣以外的任何物品作為償還債務的貨幣通過任何公民權利剝奪法案追溯既往的法律或損害契約義務的法律或授予任何貴族爵位。
  3. The civil law system can be traced back to roman law

    大陸法系可追溯到羅馬法。
  4. I can not trace my family tree back farther than my great - grand parents

    我無法把我的家譜追溯到我曾祖父母以前。
  5. Rise to success dates back to 1874, when 6 residents from the city of york in pennsylvania, usa began manufacturing ice machines

    York的歷史可追溯到1874年，當時6位在美國賓夕法尼亞州約克市的6位居民開始研製冰塊機器。
  6. The legislation was made retrospective.

    該項法規具有追溯效力。
  7. Abstract : events contributing to the establishment of statistics the science of data and its chemical branch are epitomized. as the new chemical branch named chemometrics or chemstatistics has been disputed in the circles of chemistry for a long time, reasons for adopting chemstatistics are given, which is defined as the science of gathering or generating, describing, summarizing and interpreting the data concerned to acquire new chemical knowledge or information. the fact that many traditional statistical methods, such as significance tests, analysis of variance, regression and correlation, and some others not usually considered statistical, such as model building, monte carlo method, fourier transformation, artificial nerval networks and pattern recognition, each contains one or more of the five connotations of statistics is expounded. the regular pattern that a chemstatistician grows up is approached. the urgent task is to include chemstatistics in the undergraduate or graduate curriculum of chemistry specialty. the goal of the project is to nurture chemists who know statistics

    文摘:本文追溯了統計學發展、建立中的大事，陳述了它的定義及其化學分支發展、建立的梗概；鑒于化學界對該新興化學分支學科的名稱長期存在爭議，提出了以化學統計學而不以化學計量學為該學科名稱的理由，把化學統計學定義為一個研究有關數據的收集或產生、描述、分析、綜合和解釋，以獲得新化學知識或信息的學科；闡明了許多公認屬于統計學的方法，如顯著性檢驗、方差分析、回歸和相關，以及一些尚未認定屬于統計學的方法，如模型建立、蒙特卡羅方法、傅立葉變換和人工神經網路，都含有統計學5個內涵中的一個或多個；探討了化學統計學家成長的模式，認為當務之急是把化學統計學納入化學專業的教學計劃，以培養懂統計學的化學家。
  8. Excepting the defences specified in paragraph 1 of article 167 of this law, the insurer or guarantor may not, with respect to direct actions brought by the person suffering damage in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, avail himself of any ground of nullity of the insurance or guarantee or any right of retroactive cancellation in setting up defences

    除本法第一百六十七條第一款規定的抗辯權，保險人或者擔保人對受害人依照本章規定提起的直接訴訟不得以保險或者擔保的無效或者追溯力終止為由進行抗辯。
  9. Mr tong complains that the consultation document is ambiguous in defining " state secrets " and " unlawful disclosure ". since the proposal is to retain the official secrets ordinance which does not use the term " state secret " the first complaint is unmerited

    實施《基本法》第二十三條的建議條例將在條文制定或生效后才開始執行。條例不具追溯效力，更不會用以"秋後算帳" 。
  10. Alex mcleish ' s side agonisingly missed out on qualifying for the euro 2008 finals, and scotland ' s last appearance at a major summer tournament came at the 1998 world cup in france

    阿歷克斯?麥柯利什的球隊極其不幸的失去了晉級2008年歐錦賽正賽的機會，蘇格蘭上一次在大賽中出現還要追溯到1998年的法國世界盃。
  11. Linguists guess that these are nonsense words because they have not been able to trace them back to any of the ancestor languages

    語言學家猜想無意義單詞的存在是因為它們無法追溯到任何原始語言。
  12. If we try to trace back the origin, the fact that there exists the hermeneutic right system both in anglo - american genealogy of law and continental genealogy of law has its root in the fact that any civil actions are faced with the problem of how to deal with the relation between the court and the contesting parties, and the hermeneutic right is just the demarcation line between the action spheres on these two sides, the problem of how to deal with the relation between the court and the contesting parties bears more importance and necessity to china, which is now promoting the reform of the ways and manner of civil adjudication and which is now in the period of undergoing changes, upon the above - mentioned considerations, the thesis attempts the study of the hermeneutic right system

    如果再追溯的話，英美法系，大陸法系之所以都有釋明權制度，歸根在於任何民事訴訟都面臨如何定位法院和當事人之間關系的問題，而釋明權恰恰是它們活動范圍的涇渭之線。如何定位法院和當事人之間的關系，對于正在進行民事審判方式改革，處于轉型時期的我國更顯得必要，基於以上考慮，文章決定對釋明權制度展開一些研究。全文分為引言、正文、結語三大部分。
  13. This thesis adopts empirical research methods, with changjiang communication navigation bureau as a study object, under the guidance of the public financial theory and with zero - base budget idea and activity - based costing system applied ; it provides the general thought by which we investigate each itemized outlay ration standards using the method of sourcing " the chain of the reason of necessary cost " and provides the idea of distributing the common cost in the light of the actual time of the non - commonweal and commonweal communication, researching the method of investigating the budget ration standards of over - water commonweal communication institutions. the research harvest has important theoretical and practical sense to the over - water commonweal communication institutions when making budget

    本文採用實證研究的方法，以長江通信導航局為研究對象，在公共財政理論的指導下，運用零基預算和作業成本法的基本思想，研究了水上公益通信單位預算定額標準的測定方法，通過追溯「必要費用成因鏈」來測定各項費用定額標準和根據非公益性通信與公益性通信實際發生時間來分攤共同費用的思想，研究的成果對水上公益通信單位編制預算具有重要的理論和實踐意義。
  14. This modern general meaning dates back to 1878 in the unites states according to mathews.

    這個現今廣為使用的含義，按馬修斯說法在美國可追溯到1878年。
  15. Wheeler ' s team used dna sequencing and computer simulations to reconstruct the evolutionary tree of venomous fish ? all the way back to their common ancestor

    威勒的團隊使用dna排序和計算機模擬的方法重構了有毒魚類的遺傳樹，一直追溯到它們的共同祖先
  16. With regard to the theory of alteration of real right, the author firstly traces back to some theory on the alteration of real right in roman law and germanic law, and then tells us three theoretical patterns of alteration of real right based on the juristic acts chosen by the continental law family, finally gives us two types of construction patterns of the alteration of real right. part ii relates to the public summons of personal property right

    對於物權變動理論，筆者首先追溯羅馬法和日耳曼法上有關物權變動的一些理論；接著介紹了現代大陸法系各國各自所採用的基於法律行為的物權變動的理論模式，主要有三種模式：債權意思主義、物權形式主義、債權形式主義；最後擺出了物權變動理論構建的兩種方式：以物權行為為核心的物權變動理論、以公示公信為核心的物權變動理論。
  17. In the terms of the value of cultural heritage, based on the preservation theory of the current national cultural heritage, the value of xi ' an forest of steles cultural heritage is re - estimated and reanalyzed, and viewpoints and suggestions are proposed on the contents ^ methods > working points and key problems of the current preservation of xi ' an forest of steles, by dating the history development process of xi ' an forest of steles, by reviewing its preservation process and by investigating the current preservation

    本文以碑林及其環境為研究對象，在當代國際文化遺產保護的理論基礎上，從文化遺產價值分析的角度入手，通過追溯碑林的歷史演進過程、回顧它的保護歷程、調查其保護現狀，對碑林文化遺產的價值進行了重新判定與分析，並就當前西安碑林保護的內容、方法、工作要點及其關鍵性問題提出了觀點和建議。
  18. The paper, in the light of large materials, summarizes the archaeological career and achievement of prof. xia nai, one of the leading figures in the field of chinese archaeology

    夏鼐先生的治學方法和學術思想是中國考古學史上的寶貴財富，文章追溯了夏鼐的學術生涯，並對他在中國考古學史上的歷史地位作了一定評價。
  19. The author discloses the influence of the roman law on the present system of succession ex testamenta by studying the origin and the historical development of the system of succession ex testamenta, summarizes the features of the ancient system of succession ex testamenta by making comparison between the system regulated by the roman law and the system of ancient china

    筆者首先考察了遺囑繼承製度產生的根源及其歷史沿革，通過追溯遺囑繼承製度的起源及其發展變化，揭示了羅馬法對近代各國遺囑繼承製度的影響。通過論證權利保護的觀念變遷和法的價值追求，說明在不同社會背景下，觀念形態的變化對繼承製度相關內容的重要影響。
  20. This paper gives a review of the long history of tcfl in ningbo, praises a great group of tcfl teachers of the past and summarizes its five traits as follows : culture - oriented teaching, mono - language teaching, varied teaching materials, clear orientation of the teaching methodology and the high quality of the teachers

    摘要文章考察了古代寧波的對外漢語教學狀況，追溯了寧波對外漢語教學的悠久歷史，挖掘了一批青史留名的對外漢語教師，並且總結了古代寧波對外漢語教學的5個特點：教學內容的文化性，教學語言的單一性，教材的多樣性，教學方法的針對性和教師的高素質。
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