通航費用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tōnghángbìyòng]
通航費用 英文
navigation toll
  • 通 : 通量詞（用於動作）
  • 航 : Ⅰ名詞（船） boat; shipⅡ動詞（航行） navigate （by water or air）; sail
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 通航 : be open to navigation or air traffic
  • 費用 : cost; expenses; outlay
  1. Airlines are reluctant to stop them because airport operators often use sales of duty - free and other items to subsidise landing charges

    航空公司不情願阻止他們，因為機場運營管理商通常用免稅產品和其它商品的銷售額來抵充所收取的機場降落費。
  2. This thesis adopts empirical research methods, with changjiang communication navigation bureau as a study object, under the guidance of the public financial theory and with zero - base budget idea and activity - based costing system applied ; it provides the general thought by which we investigate each itemized outlay ration standards using the method of sourcing " the chain of the reason of necessary cost " and provides the idea of distributing the common cost in the light of the actual time of the non - commonweal and commonweal communication, researching the method of investigating the budget ration standards of over - water commonweal communication institutions. the research harvest has important theoretical and practical sense to the over - water commonweal communication institutions when making budget

    本文採用實證研究的方法，以長江通信導航局為研究對象，在公共財政理論的指導下，運用零基預算和作業成本法的基本思想，研究了水上公益通信單位預算定額標準的測定方法，通過追溯「必要費用成因鏈」來測定各項費用定額標準和根據非公益性通信與公益性通信實際發生時間來分攤共同費用的思想，研究的成果對水上公益通信單位編制預算具有重要的理論和實踐意義。
  3. All parties claiming in general average shall give notice in writing to the average adjuster of the loss or expense in respect of which they claim contribution within 12 months of the date of the termination of the common maritime adventure

    所有提出共同海損索賠的關系方應于共同航程終止后十二個月內將要求分攤的損失或費用書面通知海損理算師。
  4. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  5. In any situation whatsoever and wheresoever occurring and whether existing or anticipated before commencement of or during the voyage, which in the judgment of the carrier or the master is likely to give rise to risk of capture, seizure, detention, damage, delay or disadvantage to or loss of the ship or any part of her cargo, or to make it unsafe, imprudent, or unlawful for any reason to commence or proceed on or continue the voyage or to enter or discharge the goods at the port of discharge, or to give rise to delay or difficulty in arriving, discharging at or leaving the port of discharge or the usual or agreed place of discharge in such port, the carrier may before loading or before the commencement of the voyage, require the shipper or other person entitled thereto to take delivery of the goods at port of shipment and upon failure to do so, may warehouse the goods at the risk and expense of the goods ； or the carrier or the master, whether or not proceeding toward or entering or attempting to enter the port of discharge or reaching or attempting to reach the usual place of discharge therein or attempting to discharge the goods there, may discharge the goods into depot, lazaretto, craft, or other place ; or the ship may proceed or return, directly or indirectly, to or stop at any port or place whatsoever as the master or the carrier may consider safe or advisable under the circumstances, and discharge the goods, or any part thereof, at any such port or place ; or the carrier or the master may retain the cargo on board until the return trip or until such time as the carrier or the master thinks advisable and discharge the goods at any place whatsoever as herein provided ； or the carrier or the master may discharge and forward the goods by any means, rail, water, land, or air at the risk and expense of the goods

    四、不論任何地方任何情況，不論是在開航前或航程中存在或預料到的，只要承運人或船長認為可能有導致捕獲、扣押、沒收、損害、延誤或對船舶或其貨物不利或產生滅失，或致使起航或續航或進港或在卸貨港卸貨不安全、不適當、或非法，或致使延誤或難于抵達、卸載或離開卸貨港或該港通常或約定的卸貨地，承運人可在裝貨或開航前要求發貨人或與貨物權利有關的其他人在裝貨港口提回貨物，如要求不果，可倉儲貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上；承運人或船長，不論是續航至或進入或企圖進入卸貨港，或抵達或企圖抵達港口通常的卸貨地，或企圖在此卸貨，也可將貨物卸在倉庫、檢疫站、駁船，或其他地方；船舶也可續航或回航，直接或間接地，抵達或停留在船長或承運人在此情況認為安全或適當的任何港口或地點，全部或部分將貨物卸在此港口或地點；承運人或船長也可將貨物留在船上，直到回航或直到承運人或船長認為適當時將貨物卸到本合同所規定的任何地方；承運人或船長也可卸貨並將貨物用任何交通工具，經鐵路、水路、陸路、或空運轉運貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上。
  6. Embedded processors dorminate the keyboard, mouse, disk driver, hard disk, display, network card, modem, sound card, printer, scanner, digital camera and usb hub, etc. in the fields of control, communication, instrument, automobile, shipping, aeronautics, military, and consumable, embedded computer is a master

    一臺通用計算機的外部設備上就包含了5 - 10個嵌入式微處理器，鍵盤、鼠標、軟驅、硬盤、顯示器、顯示卡、網卡、 modem 、聲卡、印表機、掃描儀、數字相機、 usb集線器等均是由嵌入式處理器控制的。在工業流水線控制、通訊、儀器儀表、汽車、船舶、航空航天、軍事裝備、消費類產品等領域更是嵌入式計算機的天下。
  7. Unlike the established big aerospace companies, which have traditionally focused on meeting objectives set by the military and government agencies that emphasize top performance over monetary concerns, the new rocket firms see large potential in thinking small : they seek more modest - size payloads that weigh as little as a few kilograms and launch costs measured in hundreds of thousands of dollars rather than tens of millions

    規模龐大的航太公司，通常會致力於達成軍方或政府機關所設定的目標，而對性能的要求大於價格的考量；相較之下，新興的火箭公司則在小尺度里看見大商機：他們尋找可能只有幾公斤重的小型酬載，而將發射費用控制在幾十萬美元之譜，而非數千萬美元。
  8. As the requirements of its function, a bus control interface board has already been designed. also the paper have provided the scenarios demonstration for the bus control interface board ( bcib ), the design for the protocol of communication, the hardware for bcib, the software for bcib, and the software for the processor ' s communication. while the analysis for the capability of real - time and the calibration and test for subsystem have been also finished. during the design, the system advanced ability, reliability, resources availability and the cost - efficency ratio are considered. the issus such as system integrated control, mutual exclusion of the shared storages, generation of handshaking signal and system self - test were resolved

    本論文主要對航空自衛系統的綜合化方式進行了深入研究，並按其功能等方面要求，對航空自衛系統綜合化總線通信模塊進行了設計，主要完成了總線通信模塊方案論證、通訊協議設計、總線通信模塊硬體設計、總線通信模塊（ bcib ）軟體設計、處理機通信軟體設計、實時性分析、系統調試、試驗等項工作，在設計過程中，綜合考慮了系統先進性、資源利用率、費效比及可靠性等因素；重點解決了系統綜合控制方式、共享存儲器互斥、握手信號產生及系統自檢測等問題。
  9. From 1st june 2004 ( tuesday ), first ferry will introduce a new fare collection system to replace the manual ticket system with the aim of streamlining operation and utilizing resources more effectively. passengers of inter - islands ferry service can pay by octopus card or tender exact fare, no change will be available

    由二零零四年六月一日（星期二）起，新渡輪于橫水渡航線引入新繳費系統以取代人手售票服務，旨在簡化繳費程序及有效運用資源。橫水渡乘客可使用八達通咭或以現金繳費，不設找贖。
  10. In case a non - navigable stream or man - made waterway becomes navigable after a dam or sluice gate structure is built, the construction unit shall simultaneously build ship passage facilities or reserve sites for such facilities, and the expenses needed thereby incurred shall be borne by the communication departments concerned, unless there are other state - provisions applicable

    在不通航的河流或者人工水道上修建閘壩后可以通航的，閘壩建設單位應當同時修建過船設施或者預留過船設施位置，所需費用除國家另有規定外，由交通部門負擔。
  11. Autonomous navigation system is a important part of its, it can help to get safe, and smooth drive, and can ease or avoid unwanted traffic jam, and also can make the movement and usage of vehicle more convenient. it can facilitate the vehicle consumption and the environment inprovement

    自主式導航系統是智能交通系統的一個重要組成部分，這一智能系統不僅能實現安全、通暢的駕駛，緩解或避免多餘的交通堵塞，而且能使車輛的移動和使用變得更加方便，促進了汽車消費和使用環境的完善。
  12. With thought of the status and problems, the article forecasts the expenses of communication and navigation by quantitative method

    結合中遠集團船岸通信導航技術與管理的現狀和存在的問題，運用定量方法對船舶通信費用進行預測。
  13. Hardware consists of mcu, memory, i / o device and picture control etc. software consists of operation system and application. the products of embedded system, with low cost, high performance and comparatively small shape, have been used in many areas such as communication device, information appliance, industry control, consumer electronic, spaceflight and aviation, and so on

    它們廣泛應用於通信設備、信息家電、消費電子、工業控制、航空航天等領域。 mpc860powerquicc （ quadintegratedcommunicationscontroller ）是motorola公司生產的現今比較流行的嵌入式cpu晶元。
  14. When building permanent dams and sluice gate structure on navigable or bamboo and log rafting streams, the construction unit must simultaneously build facilities for ship or log passage or, after being approved by departments authorized by the state council, take other remedial measures and also make adequate arrangements for navigation and bamboo and log rafting during the construction period and the initial filling period, and bear the expenses thereby incurred

    在通航或者竹木流放的河流上修建永久性攔河閘壩，建設單位必須同時修建過船、過木設施，或者經國務院授權的部門批準採取其他補救措施，並妥善安排施工和蓄水期間的航運和竹木流放，所需費用由建設單位負擔。
  15. Contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods of the contract description to the named port of destination by the usual route in a seagoing vessel ( or inland waterway vessel as appropriate )

    自付費用，按照通常條件訂立運輸合同，經由慣常航線，將合同所指貨物（或依情況適合內河運輸的船隻）運輸至指定的目的港。
  16. In the foundation of combining the theory and the practice, the suggestions of this article are practical. for example, using united image of sales office, perfect the measure of service process at present. some suggestions have help to direct the future product plan, for example, cooperate with other trades, design package product, bring about individual service by using modern technology, bring about easy and unblocked of service process and information connect by using it technology, provide management service for the cost of business trip of big company

    在理論與實際結合的基礎上，本文提出的建議中，有些具有現實操作性，如:統一售票機構形象和標準問題、完善現有服務過程的措施等;有些對航空公司今後的客運產品發展有幫助，如:與其他行業合作，推出包裝產品（例:商務旅行整合產品） ;利用現代技術實現個性化服務;利用現代技術和網路技術實現旅客服務過程的便捷和信息溝通的暢通;為大公司提供差旅費理財管理等。
  17. Mainly the sea transports international trade goods. the sea transportation is of bigger - volume capacity and cheaper than the airport and railway, but the goods are confronted with more risks because of long distance and long time to transport

    國際貿易主要是通過海上運輸完成的，海上運輸與航空、鐵路等運輸方式比較有其獨特的優勢：海上運輸運量大、費用低，但是由於海洋運輸時間長、路程遠，貨物面臨的風險很大。
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