速率恆量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [sùlǜhéngliáng]
速率恆量
英文
rate constant-
On the bases of the galaxy evolution theory, we use the therotical chemical evolution model of three zone ( such as halo, thick disk and thin isk ) and multi - phase ( diffuse gas, molecular clouds, stars of both low and high mass, the remnants ). by comparing with the observational constraints, such assurface densities, age - metallicity relation, g - dwarf metallicity distribution in the solar neighbourhood and the correlation between [ a / fe ] and [ fe / h ], supernovae rates, infall rates. the rationality of the model is verified. based on the theory model, we calculate the abundance of neutron capture element
本文正是在銀河系化學演化的基礎上，利用銀河系的三成分（ threezone ） （即暈、厚盤和薄盤）多相（ multi - phase ） （氣體，分子云，大、小質量恆星以及剩餘物質）的化學演化的理論模型，通過與觀測約束（質量面密度、場星的年齡-金屬豐度關系、太陽附近g矮星金屬含量分佈函數、三成份的特徵量、元素的星系化學演化、超新星的爆炸率、內落速率等）的比較，來檢驗模型的合理性。The effect of cutting speed, cutting thickness, cutting knife and materials on the working power capacity is discussed. finally tractive property of road plane milling machine is also studied. through the comparison of the results of theory calculation and experimental results the equation of working power capacity of milling machine is modified
本文對冷式瀝青路面銑刨機的動力學工作過程進行了理論分析與試驗研究，並利用金屬材料切削的基本原理，研究了主切削力，並從能量轉化守恆的角度推導了銑刨機銑刨作業阻力和功率計算公式，討論了機器切削速度、銑刨厚度以及刀具與材料特性對銑刨作業阻力和功率的影響規律，最後討論了銑刨機牽引性能，且通過試驗研究驗證了銑刨作業阻力和功率公式。In this paper, several scheme of vscf is compared firstly, of which gets doubly - fed generating mode. doubly - fed vscf wind power generating system uses a doubly - fed induction generator, which rotate speed can be able to change with wind turbine, and it ensures a constant - frequency output, by controlling the frequency of current input into rotor windings. in vector trans control system, the control of stator active power and the control of stator reactive power can be essentially decoupled, and the former is via torque component and the latter is via exciting component of stator current
本文首先比較了幾種變速恆頻方案，從中選擇了雙饋式變速恆頻方案；它運用雙饋電機的工作原理，允許發電機轉速變化，而在電機轉子側接入低頻勵磁電流，通過控制該電流的頻率，保證雙饋電機定子輸出的頻率恆定；再結合矢量控制技術，通過調節轉子電流來控制定子電流的轉矩分量和勵磁分量，相應獨立地控制發電機輸出的有功功率和無功功率。Through analyzing the figure of energy wasting of pump, the quality in pipes is direct proportion of the speed of pump if the speed of pump is reduced. the power of electromotor fell the cube of the speed of pump. so the energy wasting of constant pressure water supply based on variable frequency speed regulating technology is envident less than the traditional mode is used throttle to supply water
分析水泵工況的能耗比較圖，可以看出利用變頻調速實現恆壓供水，當轉速降低時，流量與轉速成正比，功率以轉速的三次方下降，與傳統供水方式中用閥門節流方式相比，在一定程度上可以減少能量損耗，能夠明顯節能。Measurement of water flow in closed conduits. tracer methods part ii : constant rate injection method using non - radioactive tracers
密封管道中水流量的測定.示蹤法.第2部分：使用非放射性示蹤物的恆速率噴射法Furthermore, it is easy to use different control strategy in the digital inverter, so different pwm control can be used, in order to optimize the design of output filter and improve the output performance
同時，在數字變換器平臺上可以方便地實現各種控制策略，達到進一步優化輸出濾波器參數、提高輸出電能質量、提高變速恆頻電源整體效率等目的。The equations which are used in the radiation hydrodynamic model include the hydrodynamic equation of plasma, the absorption equation of laser, non - lte electron occupation probability equations, electron ion and photon energy equations ( three - temperature equations ), and the state equation of matter and so on
考慮的方程有：等離子體流體力學方程組，激光吸收方程，非局域熱動平衡電離下電子占據概率的速率方程組，電子離子的能量守恆方程組和光子的能量輸運方程（三溫方程組） ，關于元素不透明度的方程，以及描述物質狀態的方程等。This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory
本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。The proper germinating temperature of ceratoides l seed is the constant temperature of 25 c and variable temperature of 15 - 25 c ; the seed belongs to nonphotosentive one ; the water requirement of germination ranged from 4. 05 to 6. 95 times of dry weight, and the minimum requirement existed obvious differences between materials, in which c. arborescens requirement was the lowest ( 4. 05 time of seed dry weight ) ; the seed quickly absorbed water during germination, the speed generally was 0. 6 - 0. 7g / h. g seed and seed imbibtion was saturated after 7 - 8h
駝絨藜屬牧草種子萌發最適溫度為25的恆溫和15 25的變溫；屬非光敏種子；種子萌發需水量范圍為4 . 05 6 . 95倍種子干重，不同材料間種子萌發最低需水量存在明顯差異，其中華北駝絨藜萌發需水量最低（ 4 . 05倍種子重） ；種子的吸水速率較快，一般為0 . 6 0 . 7g h ? g種子， 7 8h達到飽和吸脹；在相同環境條件下，種子活力表現出種間、生態型間及株齡間的差異，華北駝絨藜各項生理指標均明顯高於其它材料。Secondly, to achieve the independent regulation of active and reactive power output from the generator side which is designed for the purpose of tracing the maximum wind - energy capturing. the paper has analyzed the mathematic model of the ac excited doubly - fed machine and the stator field orientation control strategy of the motor as vscf wind power generator. thirdly, it has put forward and designed the dual pwm converter with the capacity of energy flowing bidirectional aimed at the demand of rotor energy bidirectional flow. the author constructed reliable and integrated experimental system and did a series of experimental study including no - load, cutting - in network and power generation at, below and above the synchronous speed
論文首先分析了風機運行特性及其最佳風能利用原理，通過模擬及實驗驗證了採用直流電機的輸出特性模擬風力機的最大輸出功率曲線的可行性，並給出了模擬系統的硬體結構；然後為了實現交流勵磁發電機有功、無功功率獨立調節機理，分析了交流勵磁雙饋發電機的數學模型和在追蹤最大風能捕獲變速恆頻風力發電時必需的定子磁鏈定向矢量控制策略；針對雙饋發電機轉子能量雙向流動的要求，提出並設計了具有能量雙向流動能力的雙pwm交流勵磁用變頻器；最後為實現從理論到實踐的全面研究，研製出了一套小功率完整的雙pwm變頻器交流勵磁的雙饋風力發電機實驗系統，進行了空載、並網、同步速及上、下的發電運行等一系列的運行實驗；所完成的模擬和實驗研究均驗證了理論、模型和控制策略的正確性、可行性。It also builds the mathematic model of all section of vscf ac exited wind power generation system on a - b - b and d - q coordinate system by the coordinate commutation technology. the thesis gives the characteristics of torque, active power, reactive power and the steady - state analysis of it. it proves that the capability of wind generator is determined to slip, the amplitude and phase of rotor voltage, the phase dispatch between stator voltage and rotor voltage
並分析了交流勵磁風力發電機作變速恆頻運行時的工作原理，闡述了與同步發電機、異步發電機的不同之處，分析了其能量平衡關系，在坐標變換技術的幫助下，詳細推導了交流勵磁發電機在a - b - c坐標系和d - q坐標系下的數學模型，分析並模擬了其有功和無功特性、轉矩和功率調節特性、穩態運行和機械特性，證明了發電機的性能由轉差率、轉子電壓的相位和幅值、定轉子電壓相位差所決定的。The variations of the surface state and environment conditions could change the procedure of exfoliation, therefore, the potentiometry and electric resistance methods in this paper are used to measure the exfoliation rate of aluminum alloys in a constant temperature, the experimental results show that relations of natural corrosion potential vs time have a resemblance to those of corrosion rate vs time, both relations are all at the different change rates in the front and back of 120 minutes
超硬鋁合金表面狀態、環境條件的變化，均可能改變剝蝕的發展過程，為此，本文提出在恆溫條件下，用電位法、電阻法定量研究鋁合金的剝蝕性能。實驗結果顯示了lc4cs鋁合金的自腐蝕電位與時間的關系，和腐蝕速率與時間的關系有著十分相似的規律，兩者均在120分鐘前後有不同的變化。This is understandable in terms of conservation of angular momentum. as the radius of rotation decreases, the rotational speed will increase accordingly
這現象可用角動量守恆定律來解釋：當旋轉半徑縮短時，旋轉速率就相應加快，以保持角動量不變。The deciding factors for whether a core collapse produces a grb appear to be the mass and rotation rate of the progenitor star at the time of its death
核心坍塌是否能產生grb的關鍵因素，似乎在於原來恆星臨終時的質量與轉動速率。As an advanced power generation and adjusting speed technology of a. c motor, a. c excited machines ( acem ) can be applied in power generation using a variable - speed constant - frequency scheme to produce electricity, in a pumped - storage hydraulic power plants, and in high rate variable speed drive fields
交流勵磁技術是一種先進的交流電機發電及調速技術，可用於變速恆頻發電、抽水蓄能電站和大容量調速場合，能實現電機有功功率、無功功率的獨立調節和功率因數控制。Sszm500b straight line double edgers, and 90transfer taboe. 26 spindles on each sszm2500b. plc control system sets processing parameters via interface, and finishes processing at one time. this product has stable structure. precise and smooth transmission system, thetransmission belt drive adopts strong power and transfrequency motor to control speed, constant power, constantrele output and advanced epuipment to control, high polishing efficiency. it is the best matched equipment of large batch of furniture and decorated glass edge production, and production, and can be matched with gluing, printing, reinforcing, etc. production line
才用plc控制系統通過界面設定加工參數一次完成加工，具有穩定扎實的底座結果精確流暢的傳動系統，傳送皮帶驅動採用大功率變頻電機調速控制，恆功率恆扭矩輸出和高配置的控制。結構緊湊，性能穩定可靠，拋光及生產效率高。是大批量的傢具和裝飾玻璃的磨邊生產的最佳配套設備，可以與夾膠印花鋼化等生產線配套使用。By utilizing the main advantages of orthonormalization and power conservation from hilbert transformation, it is found that bit error rate is close to that of dcsk system, but transmission speed is one time higher than that of dcsk system, and the system ' s output variance is effectively reduced
基於qpsk的思想，引入qcsk調制方式，利用hilbert變換對正交且能量守恆的特性，有效減小了系統輸出的方差，較dcsk系統，傳輸速率提高一倍，系統誤比特率與dcsk系統相近。According to this paradigm, the early history of the universe ? that is, until about six billion years after the big bang ? was an era of cosmic fireworks : galaxies collided and merged, powerful black holes sucked in huge whirlpools of gas, and stars were born in unrivaled profusion
根據這樣的說法，大霹靂后60億年內的早期宇宙乃是處處充滿火花的時代：星系相互碰撞與合併，威力強大的黑洞像漩渦般吸入大量氣體，恆星則以驚人的速率大量誕生。When the temperature of a body remains constant, it is receiving heat at the same rate as that at which it is radiating
當物體保持恆溫時，則它接收的熱量和輻射出的熱量的速率是相同的。The main sequence stage lasts for a long time in the life of a star
對于大質量的恆星，由於它們的核反應速率很快，大約分享友人