運動證章 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yùndòngzhèngzhāng]
運動證章 英文
athletic badge
  • 運 : Ⅰ動詞1 （物體位置不斷變化） move; revolve 2 （搬運; 運輸） carry; transport 3 （運用） use; wield...
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 章 : 名詞1 （歌曲詩文的段落） chapter; verse; section 2 （條理） order 3 （作品） literary writing 4 ...
  • 運動 : 運動[舊時用語] arrange things or get things done through pull
  1. The difference of litigation model between two families of law makes a distinction between expert witness and lay witness in the fields of service target, dispatch, impanel and nature standing in litigation ; the second chapter of article surveys the problems arising from expert system practice and actual application of expert witness in judicial practice, and demonstrates the existing condition and necessity of setting up expert witness in our country ; the third chapter of article builds up them in the regards of subject of expert witness, qualification, launch, impanel and adoption of expert ’ comments

    而兩大法系訴訟模式的差異，使專家證人與鑒定人在服務對象、啟動和選任以及在訴訟中的性質地位上存在較大的區別;本文第二章考察我國鑒定製度在運行過程中產生的問題和專家證人在司法實踐中實際運用，論證我國確立專家證人存在的現實基礎和必要性;本文第三章，從專家證人的主體、資格、啟動和選任及專家意見的可采性等方面進行了構建。
  2. Conclusion : the muscle strength of shoulder girdle is weak in amateur sprinters, indicating that it is one of the principal factors affecting the performance. the extensor muscle strength of shoulder joint is more influencing than the flexor muscle strength

    應用要點：文章以專業和業余的短跑運動員為觀察對象，測試了其肩關節各肌群的力矩，結果發現專業運動員無論是肩關節屈肌群還是伸肌群力矩均大於業余運動員，證實了短跑運動員肩帶肌群力量是造成運動員成績差異的主要原因之一。
  3. Focused on " understanding media ", the article analyses in chapter i the key media theory of employing what could be of mcluhan in a thoughtful angle ， and advances the viewpoint of " human being - the extending of media ? ". in chapter ii 、 in the following third part ， the idea of " media ' s endding " is expounded and demonstrated ， which is composed of three parts ： extreme of speed ， content of the content ， and human being ' s last extending - the extending of central nerves 。 in the final part ， the general conclusion ? ? electronic media ' s influence on human behavior is given ， that is human are under universal narcissism and pacing to the bottom of it impelled by electronic speed. the article has five original points in it ： first of all, in virtue of " content theory " ， it analyzes the theory of " meida equals to information " by mcluhan from a scale theory stand. secondly, the tremendous power of electronic media is emphasized from an implosion view. in the third point, the article advanced originally that, after extension of central nerve system, human themsevels reverse to an extension of media and turns into a node of it ; at the same time, the article proposes that, all extensions before that of central nerve are " controllable extension ", however, it reverses to " uncontrollable extension " while extending ; then the authur put forward for the first time that, the concernful reason obsessing human is the failure of their in - body central nerve system " s jointing and controlling on out - body central nerve system naturally. 。 the fourth point is, the article demonstrates systematically the idea of " media ' s endding " from three levels solely by thoughtful means, and this is the most revolutionary point of it all

    論文的創新之處有五點：一是從「尺度論」的角度，藉助「內容論」來解讀麥克盧漢的「媒介即訊息」的思想；二是從「內爆」的角度突出電子媒介的巨大力量；三是獨創提出在電子媒介時代，人類延伸了自己的中樞神經系統之後，人類本身被逆轉為媒介的延伸，成為電子媒介的一個節點；同時在本章節中提出中樞神經延伸之前的所有延伸為「可控延伸」 ，而中樞神經被延伸時「可控延伸」逆轉為「不可控延伸」 ，並首次提出，困擾人類種種問題的重要原因是體內的中樞神經系統無法無縫地對接和控制被延伸出去的體外中樞神經系統；四是獨自運用思辯的力量從三個層面綜合論證了「媒介的終結」的觀點，此處論證為本文最大創新之處，而此結論也將具有重大的理論與現實意義；五是根據以上幾個部分的論述，對人類目前的總體狀態作了一個定性的判斷，即：我們這個時代的迷惘在於我們深陷於自戀的漩渦里難以自拔，在電子媒介以其固有的電力速度的推動下，我們走向自戀的盡頭。
  4. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  5. The quality system documents are specific manifestation, the laws and regulations basis of the quality assurance system. through making the stipulation to each of quality activities, methods and more, all of the activities have regulations and laws to depend on

    質量體系文件是贛鋒質量保證體系的具體體現，是質量保證體系運行的法規性依據，通過對各類質量活動方法等作出規定，使得所有的質量活動都有章可循有法可依。
  6. The article first introduces practice experiences of other countries ; then according to facts of our country, discuss feasibility of use of securitizition in consumer credit and design the basic flow of securitizition of asset in consumer credit. finally, the article analyzes problems of securitizition of asset in consumer credit of today. at the same time, the author gives some pieces of advice

    本文寫作目的就是為了解決消費信貸發展容易導致銀行資產流動性不足的問題，文章通過借鑒國外的實踐經驗，結合我國的實際情況，探討了證券化在消費信貸中運用的可行性，設計了消費信貸證券化的基本流程，並在我國的現實背景下剖析了證券化面臨的難題，提出了一些對策建議。
  7. In chapter two, under non - lipschitz condition, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the second kind of bsde is researched, based on it, the stability of the solution is proved ; in chapter three, under non - lipschitz condition, the comparison theorem of the solution of the second kind of bsde is proved and using the monotone iterative technique, the existence of minimal and maximal solution is constructively proved ; in chapter four, on the base of above results, we get some results of the second kind of bsde which partly decouple with sde ( fbsde ), which include that the solution of the bsde is continuous in the initial value of sde and the application to optimal control and dynamic programming. at the end of this section, the character of the corresponding utility function has been discussed, e. g monotonicity, concavity and risk aversion ; in chapter 5, for the first land of bsde, using the monotone iterative technique, the existence of minimal and maximal solution is proved and other characters and applications to utility function are studied

    首先，第二章在非lipschitz條件下，研究了第二類方程的解的存在唯一性問題，在此基礎上，又證明了解的穩定性；第三章在非lipschitz條件下，證明了第二類bsde解的比較定理，並在此基礎上，利用單調迭代的方法，構造性證明了最大、最小解的存在性；第四章在以上的一些理論基礎之上，得到了相應的與第二類倒向隨機微分方程耦合的正倒向隨機微分方程系統的一些結果，主要包括倒向隨機微分方程的解關于正向隨機微分方程的初值是具有連續性的，得到了最優控制和動態規劃的一些結果，在這一章的最後還討論了相應的效用函數的性質，如，效用函數的單調性、凹性以及風險規避性等;第五章，針對第一類倒向隨機微分方程，運用單調迭代方法，證明了最大和最小解的存在性，並研究了解的其它性質及在效用函數上的應用。
  8. The thesis consist of six chapters and based on the way of propose the question, analysis, then get the solution. it discussed and recognized what the ship transportation cost was in chapter one ; studied the environment and growing trend of the cost in chapter two ; fully discussed and demonstrated the voyage variable costs and controlling method, proposed a mathematic decision model of fuel supplying and get through the validation, proposed the concept of risking cost and addressing many controlling measures to it in chapter three ; discussed a certain running costs, proposed and validated a mathematic model of condition - based maintenance, and put forward many practical controlling method of running costs such as crew payment, repairs, spare parts, stores and lub oils in chapter four ; combining a case of monthly running cost budget and verification, performed a useful learning on running cost budget, forecast and verification in chapter five ; finally fully studied the method of cost - calculating and benefit - analyzing of time chartering container ships on a proposed route

    第一章主要討論並認清什麼是船舶運輸成本；第二章研究了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，提出了燃油補給方案的決策模型並給出了模型的驗證過程，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用、維修保養費用、備件、潤物料費用等幾個主要的可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相應的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶運輸營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討；第六章結合具體案例對期租班輪的成本測算與效益分析方法進行了細致的研究。
  9. The operation principle, stability and current ripple of the output filter inductor between serial and parallel modes are analyzed. a 1000 va serial and parallel combined dual buck half - bridge inverter ( dbhbi ) has been implemented to verify the analysis

    文章分析了該逆變器的工作原理、串並聯兩種運行模式對輸出濾波電感電流脈動、輸入電壓脈動、系統穩定性的影響，並以1000va雙降壓式半橋逆變器為例進行了實驗驗證。
  10. The whole dissertation can be divided into 9 chapters, which are mainly engaged on the comparative theories of the common balance and the partial balance, and the methodology of the demonstration and criterion economics to do the analysis and res earch on the purpose of making relatively thorough and deep assessment on the policy - making and related improvement suggestions on such areas as the implement performance of the agriculture policies, the requirement structure of agriculture, the structure of employment, the basic elements and arrangement of agriculture production, the sustainable development of agriculture and the agriculture internationalization etc. the basic innovative points of the dissertation are as follows : ( 1 ) to establish a systematic framework for the research on the policies of agriculture industry and the structure of agriculture industry ; the framework for grand agriculture industry structure ; the framework of subject relationship in the agriculture socialized service system ; the circulation framework of sustainable development for agriculture ; the model framework for corporation development for agriculture institution ; ( 2 ) to expand the external scope of the concept of agriculture ; ( 3 ) to put forward the ideas of the corporation orientation by restructuring and innovating the present agriculture operational institution ; ( 4 ) to raise the viewpoints to set up the quality standard system for agriculture produce and to initiate the same system of the internal and external trade ; ( 5 ) to offer the suggestions on guiding the development of the township and private enterprises through the industry policies ; ( 6 ) to raise the innovative viewpoint by way of the systematic analysis on agriculture and the employment structure of the countryside, the district arrangement, technological innovation and the marketing system of agriculture produce ; ( 7 ) to put forward the comprehensive thinking way to broaden the logistics services for agriculture produce ; ( 8 ) to raise the new idea of the agriculture supporting system and the policy suggestions on expanding the areas for the government to support agriculture industry, reorganization of agriculture insurance system and aid to the weak masses of the countryside

    本課題是在國家農業產業政策不斷完善和產業經濟學科科學發展的背景下，從農業產業政策的實踐出發，從大農業產業結構、組織、技術、資金、勞動力、土地等資源配置以及區域布局、國內外關聯等角度，以農業產業政策與農業發展的互動關系為切入點，提出了農業產業政策調整取向，初步形成和發展了政策理論。全文共分9章，主要運用一般均衡和局部均衡比較等理論，實證、規范經濟學研究等方法進行探討，對農業產業政策實施績效、農村需求結構、就業結構、農業生產要素和布局、農業可持續發展、農業國際化等命題以及對策建議作了比較全面深入的評析。本課題研究主要有以下創新觀點：初步搭建了農業產業政策和結構理論框架，設計了政策和結構體系圖；延伸了「農業」概念外延，提出了「大農業」的構想；提出了農業產業經營組織再造和創新的公司化發展方向，設置了農業產業化、公司化發展模式圖和產業化公司模型圖；設計了農業可持續發展良性循環圖和農業資金投入效益模型圖；提出了建立農產品質量標準體系、推行內外貿一體制的觀點；建立了農業保障體系參照圖，建議通過產業政策引導鄉鎮、私營企業和「三資」企業發展；剖析農村勞動力就業結構、區域布局、科技創新、農產品市場體系；提出了加大農產品物流配送的整體思路；提出了農業支撐體系新觀念及擴大政府支農范圍、重構農業保險體系、扶持弱勢群體的政策建議。
  11. We get into several theoretical discussions in the part two, and point out that the huge population is the very encumbrance of the modernization course in the country. historical experience of china farming since 1950s is covered in the third section, which prove the theoretical hypothesis reached in the former chapter, the suggestion here is that decision maker have to pay the most attention to the excess baggage. part four focus on the strategic decisions of wuhan, the archtypes of agricultural modernization are created in this part, also a conclusion is draw that, instead of putting the three strategies together, agricultural integration is the most suitable choice for the rural area of wuhan

    在文章的第三部分，首先運用一般的歷史分析方法，對我國農業現代化的歷史進行了總結和歸納；在此基礎上，運用系統動力學的方法，建立了不同歷史時期農業發展問題的系統基模，並以此對農業現代化的動態復雜特性進行了深入的研究和探索；也進一步證實了我國農業現代化進程的最為本質的制約因素是農業勞動力轉移問題，同時還指出，歷史上的種種「失誤」 、 「不足」 ，正是由於缺乏或忽略了對農業現代化的這種動態復雜特性的深刻認識，並導致了我國農業現代化進程的過度振蕩與滯緩。
  12. In chapter three, some new glkkm type theorems are proved. these theorems are then applied to obtain some matching theorems, fixed point theorems, a minimax inequality and a saddle point theorem

    在第三章中，我們證明了一些廣義l ? kkm型定理，然後運用它們得到了一些匹配定理，不動點定理，一個極大極小不等式以及鞍點定理
  13. In the next charter, the thesis gives the meaning of vendor - managed inventory and analyses the dynamic reasons for its coming out, considering of the research achievements and application activity in abroad. the propose of charter four is mathematic analysis for the economic effect of vmi. the thesis can confirm that vmi can decrease considerably the inventory level and total costs in scm through model analysis and imitation calculation

    第四章是vmi的經濟效果評價模型和實證分析，通過一個簡單的供應商? ?零售商的供應鏈結構，建立數學模型和模擬運算，從數學上分析了實施vmi所帶來的經濟收益，包括庫存水平的下降和總庫存成本的降低，這也是企業實施vmi方式的內在動力。
  14. The difference is that domestic mbo is the result of institutional transition, but the overseas mbo is the competitive choice, and in china the price difference in share transactions makes managers have the goal to acquire the profits. this article analyzes the game relationship of mbo in china, and proves that the root caucus of china mbo non - prohibiting for the different behalves between local government and national assets management department, and between the representatives of state stockholders and managers. this paper makes an empirical analysis of the mbo performance of 26 listed companies in china and proves that mbo are beneficial to improve company ’ s performance, and further we analyze the problems, which exist in china mbo, and gives some suggestions, we think that the rational action to mbo is to give proper guides, instead of prohibiting it simply

    本文應用委託代理理論、人力資本理論和產權理論等對中西mbo動因進行系統的比較分析，得出結論認為中外mbo具有相同的激勵動因，都是知識經濟時代智能資本獲取企業所有權的企業權力安排形式，不同的是國內mbo是制度轉型的結果，而國外mbo是競爭選擇的結果，同時由於我國mbo存在股權交易價差，管理層具有獲取價差的直接動機;本文運用博弈論的方法對我國mbo 「禁而不止」問題進行分析，分析結論認為國資監管部門與地方政府和國有股東代表與管理層之間的利益差異是導致當前我國mbo 「禁而不止」的根本原因;文章通過對我國26家上市公司mbo並購績效的實證分析，得出結論認為mbo有利於公司績效的改善，進而文章對當前我國mbo存在問題展開分析，並提出幾點建議，我們認為當前對我國mbo的理性做法是適當引導，而非簡單禁止。
  15. In chapter3, information is divided into two basic types, the marginal equation of bond price and short - term interest variations is established, thus the security price variations and the price equilibrium of other assets ( risk security non - risk security are included ) are analyzed by the implement of portfolio theory. finally the bond value equation which takes equilibrium return as its yield parameter is established through the theory of comparative return. in chapter 4, the intra - information and the transferable system of price is emphasized and the market - maker model and expected model under non - perfect information market conditions are established, and the disaccord of the influence of extra - information and intra - information on the security price is discussed

    第三章將債券的價格均衡劃分為兩大基本類型，建立了債券與短期利率變動的邊際方程，運用組合原理分析債券價格變動與其它資產（包括風險證券和無風險證券）的價格均衡關系，通過比較收益原理建立了債券以市場均衡收益為折現參數的價值方程，並通過實證檢驗了該模型的合理性；第四章，分析了內部信息與價格的傳導原理，建立了非完全信息市場條件下價格傳遞信息的做市商模型和預期模型，並討論外部信息與內部信息對股票價格影響的非一致性。
  16. During the analysis, the thesis systematically analyzes the establishment of chinese deposit insurance system, based on the information economics, insurance science, money and banking theory and other financial theory, and using many ways, such as empirical test and standard test. inductive method and deductive method, and so on

    文章在論述過程中，藉助于信息經濟學、保險學、貨幣銀行學以及其他相關的經濟金融理論，運用規范與實證分析相結合、歸納與演繹相結合、動態與靜態相結合、定性與定量分析相結合的方法，對我國存款保險制度的構建進行了系統的分析和論證。
  17. The empirical research in em forthers the acaden1ic thoughts of accrual - basis accounting, hastens the development of generally accepted accounting principles, and enriches the research measures in empirical accounting lots of literatures on em have been reported rece11tly however, researcheres have n ' t reached the consensus in most issues in this fieid much of the controversy over the interpretation of the literature ' s tindings is due to the extensive use of aggregate accruals models that mostly origil1ated from jones mode1 given the limlted theory, we have of how accruals behave in the absence of discretion, the task of identifying and controlling for potentially correlated o111itted variables is daunting indeed an alternative to study aggregate accruals is the 111ethodology for identifying earnings management developed by burgstahler and dichev ( l997 ) based on the distribution of earnings after management however, this measure is flawed by its silence about the form and extent of earnings management my dissertation intends to bridge the traditional aggregate accruals models and the new earnings distribution method, which is the first aim of this paper there is no doubt that earnings management is more rampant in china when compared with what has been documented for the west, since china ' s accounting standards are much too incomplete to of lbr clear guida11ce on many accounting transactions

    文章首先指出了研究盈餘管理的三種方法各自的優點及不足，然後創造性地發展了前人的研究手段，在傳統的瓊斯模型及新的盈餘分佈方法之間找到了溝通的橋梁，並建立了一個嶄新的模型：瓊斯?閾值模型。通過對美國18 ， 160家上市公司在1980 - 1999的20年間的40餘萬觀測樣本的實證研究表明，美國上市公司與我國上市公司一樣也存在著以獲取正盈餘及維持近期業績為目的的盈餘管理；公司經理人員使用可操縱性應計利潤為其管理盈餘的手段；經理人員因追求正盈餘或試圖維持近期業績而管理盈餘時體現出不同的行為方式。對美國上市公司的成功運用，證明我們的新模型在判斷盈餘管理存在與否、手段如何、動機怎樣等方面均比目前正在學術界流行的盈餘分佈法具有更強的檢測能力。
  18. The paper at last based on the current situation of our country ' s ship maneuvering simulator for the demonstration of the designs of harbor and fairway, studies three kernel aspects of the ship maneuvering simulator for the demonstration of the designs of harbor and fairway. they are execution of electronic chart, method to read automatically the data of asymmetry current, a mathematical model of the ship maneuvering simulation

    文章最後針對目前我國運用於港航設計論證的船舶操縱模擬器現狀，對基於港航設計論證的船舶操縱模擬器中的電子海圖的製作、不均勻流場數據的處理、船舶操縱運動數學模型三個方面作了一點研究。
  19. In chapter 4, the designed position sensor is experimentally tested. compared the result of position detection of the sensor with the stepper motor ' s actual trajectory, we get satisfactory result. it proves the feasibility of the method

    第四章，通過實驗，將所設計的傳感器的位置信號檢測結果與步進電機的實際運動軌跡進行了比較，並得到了較滿意的結果，證明了此方法的可行性。
  20. The research work on the chaos is carried out in chapter 5. the properties of chaos sensitively dependent on the initial conditions and the perturbations are proved and a method of controlling chaos of duffing oscillator is investigated as well. in chapter 6, the bifurcation and chaos of continuous nonlinear systems are researched

    第五章用正規攝動法給出了一維非線性微分方程的通解，並以此為基礎解析地證明了混沌運動對初值的敏感依賴性和對擾動的敏感依賴性，並以杜芬振子為例子以驗證，研究了杜芬振子的混沌運動控制的多諧擾動法。
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