過度應變晶體 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guòdùyīngbiànjīngtǐ]
過度應變晶體 英文
overstrained crystal
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 晶 : Ⅰ形容詞（光亮） brilliant; glittering Ⅱ名詞1. （水晶） quartz; （rock） crystal 2. （晶體） any crystalline substance
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 過度 : excessive; over; undue; ana-; hyper-
  • 晶體 : [晶體學] crystal; vitrella; crystal body; crystalloid; x-tal
  1. Based on the analyses on mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture of - the microalloyed steels socrv with various heat treatment technique, it can be affirmed that various fractures arttribute to various mechanism, we can draw conclusion that the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels 50crv will be increase simultaneously by optimal heat treatment technique. to illustrate the mechanism of the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels socrv, we designed the comparative experiment and observed the microstructure of the sample which occurred at different quench and tempering temperature and different tempering time. the last experiment results were determined by the four factors : fined microalloyed elements grains, the decompound of martensite, martensite transformation of remnant austenite and the second phase precipitation

    為解釋微合金化50crv鋼強韌化機理，本文通過對不同淬火溫度，回火溫度，回火時間下的力學性能指標的對比及顯微分析，認為微合金元素的細化晶粒，馬氏體的回火分解，殘余奧氏體的轉變，第二相的沉澱析出共同決定了微合金鋼的強韌化情況，特別是由於微合金元素的存在，其細化晶粒及其碳氮化物的沉澱析出，導致鋼的良好的強韌性，並且如果工藝滿足第二相的沉澱析出強化大於回火馬氏體分解引起的軟化效應，會在硬度曲線中產生明顯的二次硬化現象。
  2. In all kinds of complicated network, oriented linking and unlinking, communication frequency resource is strained, and bandwith to transmitting audio frequency signal is too restricted, complicated and fluky, while audio frequency data exponential have been increased in the last several years. under the circumstances, based on the research of predecessor, this paper studies wavelet analysis ' s maths gist and practices significance on signal process, and puts forward a optimized wavelet package condensation arithmetic to process audio frequency data, which gives attention to coding efficiency, multirate and compression delay. simulation experiment on the arithmetic has been done by matlab

    針對無連接和面向連接的各種復雜網路環境下，通信頻帶資源緊張，音頻傳輸帶寬有限且復雜多變，而各種音頻數據又日益增多的局面，本文研究小波分析在信號處理方面的數學依據和在數據壓縮方面的實際意義，在前人不斷工作的基礎上，提出了一種優化小波包變換編碼方案用於音頻數據的壓縮演算法，兼考慮了編碼效率、多碼率和壓縮時延多個方面，並在matlab環境下做了模擬實驗，對各種音頻信號及多種小波函數做了模擬結果比較，實驗結果證明該演算法可以在一定計算復雜度下可以很好地改進壓縮效果，達到多碼率下實現實時編解碼的過程，在高速dsp晶元等硬體設備支持下，可以有效應用於實際復雜多變信源編碼。
  3. Beyond all doubt, the judicatory independence is the most bright point of the judicial systems, is th e core principle of the civilization of the western country, and is the rime of the three hundred years " political revolution in western country. all kinds of clash and maladjustment reflected the typical clash and maladjustment in the transform of legal system

    毫無疑問，司法獨立是司法諸制度中的最亮點，它來源於西方近三百年政治革命和文化發展的結晶，是西方現代法治的核心理念，同時又為中國傳統社會所獨缺，因此在近代將這一西方化的制度引入並嫁接到傳統政體上的時候，其種種的沖突性的問題和不適應的現象也較為典型地反映了近代法制變遷過程的沖突與不適。
  4. This dissertation majorly researchs and designs full digital dc driving system with fuzzy control. it makes a scheme argumentation firstly, analyzing the pid algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm the ordinary digital pulse trigger algorithm and the double remainder method of pulse trigger in detail, and fuzzy control and the double remainder method are put forward to settle the under - mentioned problems, namely, the new viewpoint and the task having finished in this dissertation as follows : ( 1 ) in rder to overcome the influence of dc motor ' s parameter changing with time and nonlinear on the control system performance, this dissertation adopts fuzzy control as outside regulator and pi control as inside regulator in double regulators of the full digital dc motor driving system design ;. ( 2 ) aiming at the pulse trigger reliability of the ordinary d igital pulse trigger being low and leaking the pulse or the order of pulse confusion, this paper adopts the double remainder algorithm with short response time high pulse trigger reliability good adaptability and anti - jamming ; ( 3 ) this dissertation adopts tms320lf2407 which has good performance as major control chip this chip has power function with fast calculation capability, and accomplishes the software and hardware design in the dc motor driving system with fuzzy control ; ( 4 ) this dissertation also puts emphases on anti - jamming in hardware and software ; ( 5 ) after having designed the sample of full digital dc motor driving system with fuzzy control, a lot of experiments are performed to verify the performance and settles problems during experiment. the result of experiment proves the feasibility of design

    首先進行了方案論證，對模糊控制演算法和數字pid調節演算法、觸發脈沖的一般演算法和雙余演算法進行了詳細地研究分析，提出應用模糊控制和雙余法解決下述問題，即該論文主要的新見解和所完成的工作： （ 1 ）為了克服直流電機參數時變性和非線性因素對控制性能的影響，本設計中，雙閉環調速系統的外環採用模糊控制，內環採用pi控制，使系統在一定范圍內對直流電機參數變化和非線性因素影響有自適應能力； （ 2 ）針對常規數字觸發器演算法中觸發脈沖的可靠性不高，經常出現漏脈沖或是脈沖混亂的情況，本文採用雙余法，該演算法具有響應快，可靠性高，具有良好的適應性及抗干擾能力； （ 3 ）本設計中採用了速度快、功能強的tms320lf2407作為系統的主控晶元，應用該晶元完成系統的軟硬體設計： （ 4 ）本文對系統抗干擾的軟硬體措施進行了重點研究； （ 5 ）設計了具有模糊控制的全數字直流傳動系統原理樣機，並進行了試驗驗證，對試驗過程中出現的問題及時解決，最終實驗結果證明設計是可行的。
  5. With the very low water to cement ratio, rpc has ultra - high strength high ductility and low permeability. in this paper, the compressive strength of rpc can reach to a high point with the number approximately 135mpa. as illustrated from the study results, we can approve some fundamental conclusions : there are big effects on rpc with deferent kinds and properties of raw materials and deferent curing conditions ; stress - strain curve shows the process of destroy with rpc samples ; x - ray diffraction analysis indicates that heat treatment at temperatures 90 accelerate the hydration of rpc sharply, therefore, mechanical and microstructural properties of rpc are highly dependent on heat treatment ; it is believed that rpc materials have excellent resistance to chloride permeability ; during the heat treatment, the shrinkage of rpc developed quickly because of chemical reactions ; the rpc with slag mostly has the advantage of rpc without slag about resistance to solutions corrosion

    研究結果表明：通過對rpc各組分摻量變化的研究，可以找到rpc的最優配合比；試件成型后的熱養護制度對rpc的性能影響巨大； rpc的抗壓應力?應變曲線可以反映出試件受破壞時微裂紋的擴展情況，剛纖維的摻入可以大幅改善rpc的韌性； rpc在成型后存在較大的收縮，而其中的化學收縮要遠遠大於乾燥收縮； rpc具有很強的抗氯離子滲透性能，漿體的密實度很高；通過x射線衍射實驗，可以發現rpc的膠凝體中ch晶體已經幾乎不存在，膠凝體主要由c - s - h凝膠和未水化水泥顆粒組成；在抗溶液侵蝕的實驗中，摻礦渣rpc的抗溶液侵蝕性能在絕大多數情況下要好於不摻礦渣試件，酸、堿溶液和浙江工業大學碩士學位論文摘要一些鹽溶液都會對rpc的結構產生侵蝕作用，但是機理各有不同。
  6. According to the request of this subject, we have developed the system hardware and software for the slave device and the inspection software running on the pc. in this paper all of the followings is illustrated detailedly, such as the research on the principles of measurement and its realization, three means of water - level measurement that are separately based on photo electricity coder, pressure sensor and potentiometer ; selection of the microchip, we choose an advanced integrated soc ( system on chip ) microchip c8051f021 as the main controller ; realization of signal sampling, processing and its conversion in the mcu ; application of high precision 16 bits adc cmos chip - - ad7705 in our system, designing its interface with the microchip and relevant program ; using a trickle charge timekeeping chip ds1302 in the system which can provide time norm and designing of its i / o interface and program ; additionally, a 4 ~ 20ma current output channel to provide system check - up using ad421. in the system, ad421, ad7705 and the microchip compose spi bus ; to communicate with the master pc, here we use two ways which are separately rs232 and rs485 ; moreover, there are alarm unit, keyboard unit, power supply inspection unit and voltage norm providing unit in the system

    針對研製任務的要求，課題期間研製了下位機系統硬體和軟體，開發了上位機監控軟體，其中所作的具體工作包括：測量原理的研究和在系統中的實現，在本次設計中用三種方法來進行水位測量，分別是旋轉編碼器法、液位壓力傳感器法和可變電阻器法；主控晶元的選擇，我們選用了高集成度的混合信號系統級晶元c8051f021 ；實現了信號的採集和處理，包括信號的轉換和在單片機內的運算；高集成度16位模數轉換晶元ad7705在系統中的應用，我們完成了它與單片機的介面設計及程序編制任務；精確時鐘晶元ds1302在系統中的應用，在此，我們實現了用單片機的i o口與ds1302的連接和在軟體中對時序的模擬，該晶元的應用給整臺儀器提供了時間基準，方便了儀器的使用；另外，針對研製任務的要求，還給系統加上了一路4 20ma模擬信號電流環的輸出電路來提供系統監測，該部分的實現是通過採用ad421晶元來完成的，本設計中完成了ad421與單片機的spi介面任務，協調了它與ad7705晶元和單片機共同構成的spi總線系統的關系，並完成了程序設計；與上位機的通信介面設計，該部分通過兩種方法實現： rs232通信方式和rs485通信方式；系統設計方面還包括報警電路設計、操作鍵盤設計、電源監控電路設計、電壓基準電路的設計。
  7. Recent years, the using of piezoelectric sensors becomes a focus in novel biosensors research. the basic principle is that the characters of its oscillation are highly responded with the changes of the surface mass adsorption, or the physic characters in the reaction system including density, viscosity, conductivity and so on. a piezoelectric biosensor with a nanogram sensitivity could be constructed through a reasonable biological processing and structure designing to the piezoelectric quartz crystal

    近年來，壓電傳感器檢測技術逐漸成為生物分析中的研究熱點，其基本原理是利用石英晶體振蕩特性對石英晶體表面質量負載（質量效應）和反應體系物理性狀如密度、粘度、電導率（非質量效應）等的改變具有高度敏感的特性，通過對石英晶體進行適當的生物學處理和結構設計，構建出具有具有ng級檢測能力的生物傳感器。
  8. The tests of e - o applications by our flux ktp has been realized, the results showed : optical waveguides fabricated by using an ion - exchange process, which have an exchange - ion concentration depth profile and refractive - index profile, is close to a complementary error - function distribution, optical homogeneity and device thermal stability is much better. amplitude modulation switch formed by our flux ktp has the contrast ratio of 150 : 1 and insert loss is 2. 5 % at 1064 nm. high quality optical pulse with 1 ns width was cut successfully by using an e - o modulator from a laser pulse with 50 ns width, this modulator had run for three years, and the crystal did n ' t blackened, it showed our low conductivity flux ktp can endure high modulation voltage for a very long time

    Ktp晶體的電光應用試驗表明：用離子交換法製作的電光波導，其離子交換濃度、折射率變化符合餘弦誤差函數，光學均勻性以及器件的溫度穩定性較好；製作的強度調制電光開關，消光比為150 ： 1 ，對1064nm激光的插入損耗為2 . 5 ；製作的電光調制器用於激光脈沖整形試驗，從脈沖寬度50ns的激光脈沖削出脈寬1ns的高質量光脈沖，該電光開關經過長達三年多的使用，沒有出現晶體變黑現象，說明本實驗的低電導率ktp晶體能夠耐受長時間的調制電壓。
  9. Thermal and welding residual stress often produces in the proceeding of the electronic package, the residual stress release and thermal deformations of the microelectronics will reduce the assemble intensity between the chip and package, and then debase the electrical performance of the assemble circuit, numerous thermal cycling will lead to thermal fatigue or thermal failure of the microelectronics

    電子封裝器件在生產的工藝過程中，往往會產生熱殘余應力以及焊接殘余應力，殘余應力的釋放作用及器件在使用過程中的熱變形，會降低集成電路晶元與封裝體的結合強度，進而降低集成電路的電性能，反復的熱循環，將導致器件的熱疲勞失效，嚴重時可導致矽片或陶瓷片破裂，使整個器件遭到破壞。
  10. The properties of cn thin films such as their morphology, component, crystal structure and the bonding structure and the relation between those properties and the gas - phase reaction parameters were discussed, showing that the deposition of p - c3n4 thin film is the compete result of various reaction processes in the dynamics balance conditions ; the process of cn films depo sition is diagnosed in situ through the optical emission spectra technique, the effects of experimental parameters on the concentration of the precursors and the gas - phase reactions in the plasma have been obtained ; the main reaction precursors for film deposition identified ; the relation between the characteristics of cn thin films and the reaction process in the plasma is analyzed. the cn thin films deposition under different substrate temperatures in high pressure pe - pld shows that the si atom of the substrate has participated the cn films growth process, based on this the growth mode of cn thin films on the si substrate is proposed. the further experiment of cn thin films deposition on si substrate scratched by diamond as well as covered with fe catalyzer has been attempted, which indicates that changing the dynamics conditions of the surface reaction can alter the growth characteristic of the cn thin films and can enhance obviously the films growth rate

    採用pld技術進行了碳氮化合物薄膜沉積，得到了含氮量為21at的cn薄膜；研究了襯底溫度和反應氣體壓強對薄膜結構特性的影響，給出了cn薄膜中n含量較小、 sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分較少和薄膜中僅含有局域cn晶體的原因；引入脈沖輝光放電等離子體增強pld的氣相反應，給出了提高薄膜晶態sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分和薄膜的含n量可行性途徑；應用pe - cvd技術以ch _ 4 + n _ 2為反應氣體並引入輔助氣體h _ 2 ，得到了含n量為56at的晶態cn薄膜；探討了cn薄膜形貌、成分、晶體結構、價鍵狀態等特性及其與氣體壓強和放電電流的關系，證明了- c _ 3n _ 4薄膜沉積為滿足動力學平衡條件的各種反應過程的競爭結果；採用光學發射譜技術對cn薄膜生長過程進行了實時診斷，得到了實驗參量對等離子體中活性粒子相對濃度和氣相反應過程的影響規律，給出了cn薄膜沉積的主要反應前驅物，揭示了cn薄膜特性和等離子體內反應過程之間的聯系；採用高氣壓pe - pld技術研究了不同襯底溫度條件下cn化合物薄膜的結構特性，揭示了si原子對薄膜生長過程的影響，給出了si基表面碳氮薄膜的生長模式；在金剛石研磨和催化劑fe處理的si襯底上進行cn薄膜沉積，證明了通過控制材料表面動力學條件可以改變碳氮薄膜結構特性，並可顯著提高晶態碳氮材料的生長速率。
  11. As we know, usually the wavelength tuning of the qpm - opo is achieved by changing the crystal temperature, but the response is not fast. in this paper we demonstrate the wavelength tuning of the qpm - opo by the electro - optic effect for the fast wavelength tuning

    我們知道，基於ppln的qpm - opo的波長調制通常可以通過改變晶體的工作溫度來獲得，但是這種靠溫度的調諧速度不快，本文給出了一種利用電光效應外加電壓快速調諧波長的方法。
  12. The formation process of w - type ferrite underwent from oxide of metal, the m - type transition phase to final w - phase. when the heating rate was 5 / min, at 900 for 3 hrs and 1200 for 4 hrs, pure m - type and w - type ferrites were formed in air respectively. with heat treatment temperature increasing, crystal structure was more intact, the saturation magnetization increased and the coercive force decreased

    熱處理過程表明， m型鐵氧體直接由金屬氧化物反應形成，未經歷尖晶石中間相； w型鐵氧體形成由金屬氧化物到m相過渡相最終向w相的轉變；當升溫速率為5 min ，溫度在900 ，保溫3小時和1200保溫4小時，就分別形成單相m相和w相鐵氧體；隨著熱處理溫度的升高和保溫時間的延長，衍射峰變尖銳，結晶更完整，空心微球的飽和磁化強度增大，矯頑力減小。
  13. The theoretical calculation and explanation of strain behavior during heteroepitaxy of oxides thin films : when the lattice mismatch is relative small ( for example, batio _ 3 / srtio _ 3 with a lattice mismatch of 2. 18 % ), the growth mode of thin films is layer - by - layer, and the critical thickness and strain relaxation can be calculated or estimated by matthews - blakeslee expressions ; when the lattice mismatch is large ( for example mgo / srtio _ 3 with lattice mismatch of 8 % ), the strain relaxation process can be explained by theory of coherent strained islands

    氧化物薄膜異質外延應變行為的理論預測和解釋。對于晶格失配較小的外延體系（如batio3 / srtio _ 3 2 . 18 % ） ，薄膜以層狀方式進行生長，臨界厚度和應變釋放過程可以用經典的matthews - blakeslee公式進行預測;對于晶格失配較大的體系（如mgo / srtio _ 3 8 % ） ，薄膜以島狀方式進行生長，應變釋放過程可以由彈性應變島的理論體系進行解釋。
  14. In the course of design, we fully consider the actual conditions on the railway and take a series of corresponding measures to the concrete problem. such as we select high - accuracy microconvertor and have the converted function in succession data collecting system chip aduc812, design v / f circuit and external a / d circuit. in anti - interference of the hardware, we try to disperse each function module to avoid interfering each other, adopt photoelectric isolated technology to dispel the circuit connection of input and output. in controlling we import arithmetic mean into strain wave algorithm and real computing technology of virtual value for sample treatment of data, that is using the software to smooth away interfere error and to calculate actual value, thus it makes the precision of the data improve greatly

    在設計過程中，根據系統要求，充分考慮鐵路上的實際情況，針對具體問題採取了一系列的相應措施，如在器件選擇方面選用高精度microconvertor系列、具有adcdma連續轉換功能的數據採集微控制器晶元aduc812 ，設計了v f變換電路和外部a d轉換電路；在硬體抗干擾方面，將每個功能模塊盡量分散獨立開來以避免相互干擾、採用光電隔離技術消除輸入輸出通道上的電路聯系；在控制方面對于采樣數據的處理引入了算術平均值濾波演算法和真有效值的計算方法，即通過使用軟體來濾除系統中有干擾造成的誤差並計算真值，從而使數據的準確性得到極大地提高。
  15. According to the hardware developed, this dissertation sets forth the design methods of neuron c application software of intelligent node according with the lonmark standard with examples of data acquisition and seven segment code display in the temperature transducer ; in the home safety annunciator, it dissertate detailedly the realization of communication interface between msc1211 and neuron chip 3150. in order to construct an intelligent transducer system based on lonworks, software in the top layer based on the lns dde server is designed to manage and control the network

    在chip - based結構的遠程溫度測量智能傳感器中，以溫度探測及變換介面和溫度顯示模塊介面為研究對象，詳細敘述了智能傳感器節點的符合lonmark標準的neuronc應用軟體的設計過程;在host - based結構的家庭安全防範報警智能傳感器中，在研究了msc1211的通信介面的特性之後，詳細闡述了msc1211單片機、神經元晶元3150的通信程序流程和編程實現。
  16. In succession, tini thin film is deposited on single - crystal silicon substrate using optimized parameters utilizing sputtering, and its transformation temperature ( a * ) is 72 ? indicated by dsc curve after being annealed in an ultra - high vacuum ( uhv ) chamber. in addition, the composition of the silicon - based tini film was analyzed by an energy dispersive x - ray spectroscopy ( eds ), and the ti content in the film is approximately 51at %

    按照改進的工藝參數，在單晶硅襯底上濺射-淀積了tini薄膜，並進行了超高真空退火， dsc法測得其馬氏體逆相變峰值溫度為72 ，利用能譜分析（ eds ）技術測得其ti含量約為51at ，通過對非晶tini薄膜與單晶硅襯底之間的界面進行eds及x射線衍射（ xrd ）分析，發現在用大功率（ 2000w ）直流磁控濺射法制備tini薄膜過程中，存在ti 、 ni與si的雙向擴散，發生了界面反應，並有三元化合物ni _ 3ti _ 2si生成。
  17. With excellent mechanical properties, a majority of metallocene polyethylene was used as films. however it is difficult to manufacture metallocene polyethylene in common blown - film machines. by blending and filling, this paper investigates different systems " rheological and crystallization properties, also films " mechanical strengths are researched

    茂金屬催化聚乙烯具有優異的力學性能，大部分應用在薄膜領域，但是在普通的吹膜設備上單獨加工有一定的困難，本論文通過共混、填充的方法，研究了不同體系的流變性能和結晶性能，以及吹塑薄膜的力學強度。
  18. At the case of excess of nonlinear effects appearance threshold, not only are quality reduction of the wave front passing optical elements and energy losses possible, but also the fatal destruction of optical elements in themselves are the most grievous

    當泵浦光強度超過產生非線性效應的閾值時，激光通過諧波轉換晶體后，不但光束波前質量將有可能變差，而且還會損失一部分能量，更嚴重的是光學元件的致命破壞。
  19. Its potential and maximal application field is for semiconductor films and optic films that mainly rely on the high - orientation and single crystal diamond films and big area transparent diamond films. but it is widely existent for defects in the process of diamond films growth and also it is difficult to get parameters stability such as temperature etc in wide area, as a result, the diamond films " orientation is changed, and it is very difficult to get the high - orientation and single crystal diamond films and big area transparent diamond films

    金剛石膜潛在的最大應用領域是作為半導體薄膜和光學薄膜，而這個領域的開發在很大程度上依賴于高取向和單晶金剛石薄膜以及大面積透明金剛石膜的獲得，但由於金剛石膜生長過程中缺陷的普遍存在以及大面積范圍內均勻溫度場等參數的難以獲取，從而導致金剛石膜的取向發生改變，使高取向和單晶金剛石薄膜以及大面積透明金剛石膜的獲得十分困難。
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