道德制定者 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dàodézhìdìngzhě]
道德制定者 英文
ethic maker
  • 道 : Ⅰ名詞（道路） road; way; route; path 2 （水流通過的途徑） channel; course 3 （方向; 方法; 道理） ...
  • 德 : 名詞1 （道德; 品行; 政治品質） virtue; morals; moral character 2 （心意） heart; mind 3 （恩惠）k...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 者 : Ⅰ助詞1 （用在形容詞或動詞後面 或帶有形容詞或動詞的詞組後面 表示有此屬性或做此動作的人或事物） 2 ...
  • 道德 : （人們共同生活及其行為的準則和規范） morals; morality; ethics
  1. This dissertation can be divided into three parts as following : focusing on institutional risk control, this dissertation demonstrated the effect of institutional risk on dis " objects by analyzing the relationship between deposit insurance and financial development, financial stability and market discipline, in light of foreign or native primary theory and empirical results of dis. in virtue of statistical method and with the theory of game, this dissertation explored the cause the institutional risk such as moral risk and adverse selection, on the basis of which discussed the approach of controlling institutional risk and proper deposit insurance pattern. because deposit insurance assessment is the core of institutional risk control, this dissertation introduced and discussed deeply the passive casualty - insurance model, the option - pricing model, the game - theory - based pricing model, and reasonable pricing interval, and put forward the hierarchical pricing strategy of dis on the balance of information confiscatory and risk - based - assessment necessity

    本文以存款保險制度風險控制為中心，在借鑒國內外關于存款保險制度的基本理論和實證的基礎上，通過分析存款保險與金融發展、金融穩定和市場懲戒等方面的關系，論證了存款保險制度風險對存款保險制度目標的影響；並藉助統計學的方法，運用信息博弈論的觀點，從主要制度參與者? ?投保機構和存款保險機構? ?的效用函數出發，對存款保險所引發的道德風險和逆向選擇等制度風險的成因進行深入的剖析，探討有效控制制度風險的途徑和制度參數的安排模式；由於存款保險定價是制度風險管理的核心問題，本文還專門對意外存款保險消極模型、存款保險的期權定價模型、基於信息經濟學的存款保險定價模型以及合理定價區間等定價模式進行深入分析和詳細評述，闡述各種定價思路的局限性和可能運用的空間，通過權衡信息的充分性和風險定價的必要性，提出存款保險制度的層次性定價策略。
  2. It is not efficient to solve the problem of lack of honest and credit in china only with the inane moral sermon. the only solution is to redesign the comparison between the costs of keeping faith and breaking faith or the comparison between the gains from keeping faith and breaking faith with certain institutional arrangements to make them keep faith on their own initiatives

    所以要解決目前中國的誠信缺失問題，不能僅僅通過空洞的道德說教來引導人們誠實守信，而只能尊重客觀實際，從市場經濟的特點出發，通過一定的制度安排來重新設計人們守信與否的成本對比或者收益對比，使他們從自身利益的角度出發，主動守信。
  3. It is a new way to understand public opinion ; it can focus hotspot matter and supervise circumstance ; providing reference about managing nation for leader ; promoting legal system building and culture spread, etc. negative function : spreading rumor ; assault and battery ; impacting conditional culture, etc. we should try to make use of positive effect and control disadvantage about comment of netnews

    第三部分從積極作用和負面影響兩個方面闡述了網路新聞評論的功能。積極作用：開辟了體現民意的新通道；聚焦熱點問題發揮輿論監督功能；為管理者和決策者治理國家提供參考與依據；促進了國家法制的健全；一定程度上發揮著道德評判的作用；促進社會文化傳播等。
  4. Finally, in order to perfect the scientific evidence system of our country, it proposes to adhere to surveyor ' s system, optimize the procedure of the scientific evidence system, ensure professional ethics quality and scientific quality, raise the compounding judicial personnel proportion, and apply methodology of natural science field

    最後，為完善我國科學證據制度，提出：堅持鑒定人制度、優化科學證據制度的程序、藉助市場來保障專家的職業道德素質和科學證據的質量、提高復合型司法工作者的比例、應用科學領域的方法論。
  5. On the base of the introduction to the development condition in jiangsu province, the author concentrates on the analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province in the following aspects : i. comprehensive analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, including the analysis on the general condition and the structure of non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, comparative analysis on non - state middle school teachers and state middle school teachers ; ii. case studies on the teachers " psychology and management strategies, including the analysis on common mentality of benefit, belonging, anxiety, employee and conjecture, the analysis on the corresponding measures taken by the school managers ; iii. ponder the exiting problems of non - state middle school teachers on the base of the comprehensive analysis and the case studies, resting with the negative effects to the construction of non - state middle school teachers caused by serious system obstacles, over flow of teachers, different motivation of the school runners and the management faults

    論文在簡要介紹江蘇省民辦中學發展狀況的基礎上，著力從下列幾個方面對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍進行分析：一是對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍現狀的綜合分析，包括對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍總體狀況的分析、結構狀況的分析、民辦中學和公辦中學教師隊伍狀況的比較分析；二是從教師個體心態與管理者策略的角度對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍狀況的案例分析，包括對民辦中學教師中普遍存在的利益心態、歸屬心態、憂患心態、打工心態、揣摩心態的分析，並分析了學校管理者採取的相應措施；三是在綜合分析和案例分析的基礎上對民辦中學教師隊伍存在問題的原因進行深入揭示，著重分析嚴重的體制障礙、過于頻繁的教師流動、學校舉辦者不同的動機、民辦中學管理上的缺陷對民辦中學教師隊伍建設造成的負面影響；最後從完善教師資格認定製度、強化教師資源配置的市場機制、健全教師社會保障體系和推進民辦中學教師的道德建設和專業化建設等方面提出加強民辦中學教師隊伍建設的政策建議。
  6. The article is on the basis of studying a mass of german original documentations, meticulous sorting and introducing strict logic deduction process of feuerbach ’ s “ theory of psychological compulsion ” : following feuerbach logical ideology, it begins with the concept of “ civil penalty ”, and analyzes that penalty is distinct from disciplinary and defence, civil penalty is different from the moral penalty, and then gradually deeply analyzes on the “ psychological compulsion ”, “ legal deterrence ” and “ determined penalties absolutely ” ideology and so on, and successively excludes or rejects “ physical compulsion ” and “ moral education ”, “ judicial deterrence ” means or methods. they were developed deeply and connected each other. on this basis of the process feuerbach ’ s “ theory of psychological compulsion ” logic deduction process is relatively completely on the face of the reader

    本文在參閱大量德語原版文獻資料的基礎上，對費氏「心理強制說」嚴密的邏輯論證過程進行了細致的梳理和介紹:順著費爾巴哈的邏輯思路，從「刑罰」和「市民刑罰」的概念入手，分析了刑罰與懲戒、防衛以及市民刑罰與道德刑罰的區別，然後逐步深入分析闡述了「心理強制」 、 「法律威懾」以及「確定的刑罰法規絕對」等思想，並先後排除、否定了「物理強制」 、 「道德教育」 、 「司法威懾」等手段或者方式，層層遞進、環環相扣，在此基礎上將費氏「心理強制說」的邏輯論證過程比較完整地呈現在讀者面前。
  7. By throwing penetrating light on the root of risks, we may conclude briefly that they are : the problems of the state - owned property ; the " over - supply " and " insufficient - supply " by the government coexist ; the absence of advanced capital market concluding above researches, we may get down to the main context of risks eluding as such : exploring the deep root of risks in order to depress the stimulation for the opportunism of the market participants. the basic ways would be that : to deal with effectively the deficiencies which the stock shares in the operation of debt - in - lieu - equity inflict upon the administration capability, to optimize the corporation governance - structure in the state - owned enterprises should be the core measures in the risks shunning operation

    尤其在審批者缺乏有效的鑒別手段，且自身存在較強的道德風險的倩況下，國有企業具有更大的逆向選擇酮；隴在著逆向示範風險：一方面債轉股按帳面價值轉移國有椅業銀行的不良資產，對其既往不咎，容易導致商業銀行的道德風險；另一方面，在我國特定的制度背景下，所有的國有企業都將債轉股視作一項優惠政策，而這種「優惠」又往往是為「壞」企業設置的，這對非轉股的好企業就會形成逆向激勵，從而選擇拖欠本息、鬆懈管理。
  8. The discussion of cultural construction mode in baibuting community is developed as following : the first part presents author ' s motivation in carrying out the research, defining some concepts and introducing a few common modes of cultural construction in urban communities. the second part is a detailed description of fundamental ideas and content, advocating the notion of " human oriented, moral centered, law abiding, trying to creating a modern community with the capacity of sustainable development ", introducing its unique homestead culture. the third part sets forth the innovation of community culture construction modes in baibuting community : in order to create a, human - oriented community culture, establish a peaceful and content environment for the socialism ideology, the baibuting community made innovation on community management system ; by the analysis of the occupational statistics and object groups, the author found out that most of residents come from the middle class ; then, the author gives the definition of middle class and its general features in a sociological perspective ; finally, the thesis analyses the characteristics of the community residents " pursuit of culture and the harmonious development of community culture in aspects like value system, consumption habits, cultural needs

    本文通過理論學習，對百步亭花園社區文化建設的模式進行了探索研究，在現狀調查過程中，筆者發現百步亭的社區文化建設之所以成功，除了開發商和物業管理中心的組織建設外，還有小區居民的積極參與合作，三者密不可分，而這又與居民所屬的階層文化訴求密切相關，於是，本文就百步亭社區文化建設模式作了論述，思路如下：文章的第一部分：提出本文研究的緣起，並對一些與本文有關的概念作了界定，還介紹了幾種城市社區文化建設的一般模式；文章的第二部分：介紹百步亭花園社區文化建設模式的基本思想和內容，提出了「以人為本、以德為魂、以法為行，努力創造可持續發展的現代文明社區」的口號，並介紹了其獨具特色的家園文化；文章的第三部分：對百步亭社區文化建設模式的創新作了論述：百步亭社區為了營造以人為本的社區文化，構建社區安居樂業工程，為社會主義思想道德體系提供良好的社會文化環境，在社區管理體制上作了創新；還通過對百步亭社區居民的職業統計，來源群體，分析出其從屬的社會階層主要是社會的中間階層；再次，從社會學角度，定義了中間階層及一般特徵；最後從價值觀、認同感，消費觀念、文化需求等方面，分析了其文化訴求的特徵和與社區文化的協調發展；文章的第四部分：從整合功能和導向功能兩方面總結了百步亭社區文化建設的社會效應；並對百步亭社區文化建設模式的不足提出了意見和建議。
  9. Executive stock option system is one mature incentive model and its core is to endow company ’ s manager the right to buy ordinary stocks at fixed price and at future given time. in order to alleviate moral risk, the owner of executive stock options can benefit from the growth of the company

    經理股票期權制度是一種成熟的激勵方式，其核心是給予公司的高級管理人員在未來某特定的時間按某一固定價格購買本公司普通股的權力，使股票期權持有者能夠享受到未來公司成長的利益，從而達到降低道德風險的目的。
  10. Professional standards ' means : ( a ) accounting principles that are ( 1 ) established by the standard setting body ; and ( 2 ) relevant to audit reports for particular issuers, or dealt with in the quality control system of a particular registered public accounting firm ; and ( b ) auditing standards, standards for attestation engagements, quality control policies and procedures, ethical and competency standards, and independence standards that the board or sec determines ( 1 ) relate to the preparation or issuance of audit reports for issuers ; and ( 2 ) are established or adopted by the board or promulgated as sec rules

    專業標準：是指（ a ）那些（ 1 ）由標準制訂機構建立，並且（ 2 ）與特定的發布者的審計報告相關，或針對特定的注冊會計師事務所的質量控制系統的會計準則；同時（ b ）由本委員會或證券與交易委員會確立的（ 1 ）與發布者的審計報告的編制或發布有關的；並且（ 2 ）由本委員會制訂或采納的，或由證券與交易委員會頒布的，各種報表審計的審計準則、標準，質量控制政策及其程序、道德與勝任能力標準，獨立性標準，等等。
  11. At first, the author shows the accounting ethics which has been studied all over the world and the theoretical and practical significance of accounting ethics research ; and makes clear the definition and targets of accounting ethics and poses six postulates for accounting ethics research. the author holds that accounting morality is what accountants should behave in the stakeholder ; while accounting ethics is not only what accountants should behave in the stakeholder, but also what accountants behave actually in the stakeholder ; the targets of accounting ethics are : moral reasoning about accounting environment, accounting institution, accounting behavior. the postulates of accounting ethics include : the postulates of scarceness of resource, environmental uncertainty, incomplete information, positive transaction cost, bounded rationality social human, opportunism

    首先對國內外會計倫理研究現狀進行了回顧，說明了會計倫理研究的理論意義和實踐意義，明確了會計倫理的定義和研究對象，提出了會計倫理研究的六大假設，認為會計道德是指會計人員在企業各利益關系者之間的行為應該如何，而會計倫理既包括會計人員在企業務利益關系者之間的行為應該如何，還包括會計人員在企業各利益關系者之間的行為事實如何；會計倫理研究對象包括對會計環境、會計制度和會計行為進行倫理推理；會計倫理假設包括資源稀缺假設、環境不確定性假設、信息不完備假設、交易成本為正假設、有限理性社會人假設和機會主義假設。
  12. In order to train higher qualified applied talents, six attempts have been done during the teaching of accounting specialty - courses, that is, editing practical teaching materials based on accountant post, using rear objects to teach, offering practical and training courses and holding comprehensive simulated training so as to improve students ' adaptable abilities and operation skills for all kinds of account posts, which enables our students not only to know theories and operation, but also have professional ability with favorable morality and law concepts

    摘要為培養高等技術應用性人才，筆者在專業會計課的教學中作過以下幾點嘗試：按會計崗位編寫講義；採用實物法教學；開設實訓課，進行綜合模擬訓練，注重提高學生對會計各崗位工作的適應能力，使我們培養的學生既懂理論又能操作，既有專業知識又有良好的職業道德修養與法制觀念，具有一定的會計從業能力。
  13. Various consumer protection laws at federal and provincial levels offer limited protections and remedies against illegal and unethical business practices that may constitute an infringement of privacy

    聯邦和省制定的各種消費者保護法針對可能構成侵犯隱私的非法和不道德商業行為，提供有限的保護和救濟。
  14. Then it introduces the three ways of " the state - run capital withdraws from the state - owned enterprise, while the non - state - owned capital is entered " for state - run small and medium - sized enterprises in china - - the foreign capitals purchasing and combining, purchasing by non - government enterprise and mbo. and finally it introduces the definition of mbo, its significance and general process of development in china, the characteristics of foreign mbo and its enlightenment for mbo in china. part two summarizes firstly the risks met during the process of operating mbo

    論文的第二部分，筆者在詳細研究的基礎上，首先總結了我國國有中小企業在具體操作mbo的過程中所遇到的風險，分別闡述了mbo操作前的理論風險、法律風險、中介機構風險、政府風險和市場退出機制風險;操作中的收購主體風險、定價風險、資金來源風險、管理層的道德風險和員工角色轉換風險;操作后的還款風險、提高企業績效風險、管理風險、反收購風險和內部人控制風險。
  15. Up to now, with the change of chinese society, the law is very necessary to society control, then the western legal system and the theory of the rule - of - law have become the stylebook of the construction of modern rule - of - law of china, so the inherent conjunction and the conflict between law and moral have been the important themes in the academic field of law

    同時，由於法律和道德的不同特徵，也由於社會的不斷變遷，這兩者由統一逐漸走向分離，甚至還產生了沖突。但這種沖突必須限制在一定的范圍之內，否則將會影響社會的健康持續的發展。而法律的倫理性是限製法律與道德沖突的基本指向。
  16. By applying the ethics research method to the two frequently encountered issues in hr management - dismissal of employees in breach of contract and constitution of new employee ' s physical checkup standard, this paper points out the ethics problems existed and their modes. citing the moral standards such as integrative social contracts theory, telelogical and deontological, this paper makes an ethics judgement and therefore draws out the two ethics relationships : one is the ethical relationship between the enterprise and the employees ( via establishing enterprise ethics, the ethical level of enterprise conducts and the employees " capability can be greatly enhanced and eventually translated into employees " enthusiasm for work, consequently the employees may bring their all potentialities into full play to achieve overall development of both the individuals and the enterprise. ) ; the other is the ethical relationship between the enterprise and society ( being one of the principal parts of social entities, the enterprise should serve and reward the society while pursueing the proprietor ' s profits, and sustain a relationship which is suitable for market and civilization societies " spirit and rules. )

    本文通過對人力資源管理中經常遇到的兩個問題? ?辭退違紀員工、制定新員工入職體檢標準，採用倫理學的研究方法，指出其中的倫理問題及其類型；運用綜合社會契約論、目的論、義務論等道德標準進行了倫理判斷，在此基礎上，引申出企業與雇員的倫理關系（即通過企業的倫理建設提高企業行為的倫理水平，以及全面提升員工素質，內化為員工的工作熱情，從而充分發揮員工潛能，實現個人的全面發展和企業的全面進步）和企業與社會的倫理關系（企業是社會存在主體之一，在追求所有者利益的同時，也應服務社會、回報社會，與社會保持適宜於市場社會、文明社會精神和準則的關系） ；同時，運用倫理決策過程模型分析了產生倫理問題的原因；最後，提出了一個分兩步走的倫理解決方案：第一步以守法為導向的企業倫理建設，這是倫理建設的底線；第二步是在此之上採取多種辦法構建倫理建設體系。
  17. Top of the agenda is ethics reform, in particular banning lawmakers from taking gifts or free trips from lobbyists, followed by the creation of new budget rules

    這些議程當中，首要的就是道德改革，特別是禁止立法者從院外說客那裡接受禮物饋贈和免費旅遊，接著下來是，制定新的預算規則。
  18. The so - called justice system is a whole set of administrative principles that ensure the judge perform the duties within the framework of law, relating to the judge selection, training, rewards and punishments, tenure, and dismiss as well

    筆者認為，所謂法官制度是指國家為了保證法官依法行使審判權而設定的有關法官選任、培訓、獎懲、職業道德、工資待遇以及罷免等一系列管理規程的總稱。
  19. Chapter 1 studies the essentiality of establishing the chinese management system of state - owned enterprises ( mssoe ) from the original history, special functions and the property - right characteristics of state - owned enterprises ( soes ) : firstly, the origins of soes are not overcomes of market mechanism spontaneous practice, but the effect of government interference in the economy, because of the external economy, natural monopoly and uncertainty and so on. secondly, soes have many special functions : they supply public goods and service that private firms are unwilling to supply or unable to produce in order to keep social economy and life work

    從國有企業產生的歷史看，國有企業不是市場機制自發作用的產物，而是國家政權干預經濟的結果；從國有企業的職能來看，國有企業肩負著政治經濟的雙重職能，其目標是多元化的；從國有企業的產權來看，產權具有私人產權所沒有的特徵；所有者是一個數目不確定的龐大集合併存在太長的委託? ?代理鏈條，逆向選擇和道德風險情況嚴重。
  20. Law and ethic are two important social adjustment systems. the relationship between social ethical adjustment and legal adjustment is very complicated. they are in conformity under certain circumstances in that some universal social ethical principles and norms can be made into laws to become a section of law ; and law adjustment is also on the basis of ethic, advocate and ensure the spread of ethic within certain range

    法律與道德是人類的兩個重要的社會調控體系，社會道德調整與法律調整關系非常復雜，在某些情況下，二者是一致的，某些公認的社會道德原則和規范可能被制定為法律，成為法律的一部分，法律的調整也以道德為基礎，並在一定范圍內倡導和保證道德的弘揚。
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