長期總成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhǎngzǒngchéngběn]
長期總成本 英文
long run total cost
  • : 長Ⅰ形容詞1 (年紀較大) older; elder; senior 2 (排行最大) eldest; oldest Ⅱ名詞(領導人) chief;...
  • : 期名詞[書面語]1. (一周年) a full year; anniversary 2. (一整月) a full month
  • : Ⅰ動詞(總括; 匯集) assemble; gather; put together; sum up Ⅱ形容詞1 (全部的; 全面的) general; o...
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (完成; 成功) accomplish; succeed 2 (成為; 變為) become; turn into 3 (成全) help comp...
  • : i 名詞1 (草木的莖或根)stem or root of plants 2 (事物的根源)foundation; origin; basis 3 (本錢...
  • 長期 : over a long period of time; long-term; long range; secular
  1. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組和效率體現,對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較,並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析,指出: 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時,國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上,通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出:由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的, 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點:企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司,因為以國家股為持股主體,董事經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  2. The article depending on the investigation and research of jin xin chemical industry group and the analysis of the group " s external and internal environment, concludes the group " s strengths and weaknesses, defines the opportunities and threats or constraints that exits in the external environment, and on these grounds bring upped that the company ' s development target, established the group " s general strategy, according to the national chemistry industry " tenth five year period " the programming of " entering some industries and exiting from the other, doing something and not doing the other ", make sured the " chemical combination and the chemical engineering coexistence, and gradually push forward the related diversification, and build the type chemical combination conglomerate the group " of strategy direction, defines " to accelerate the internal industrial structure adjust and optimizing the product construction " which is the importance of the strategy, and established " the low cost target be in the leading and concentrate the strategy ", and formulate the group " s framework of total development strategy

    文章在調查研究金信化工有限公司基情況,分析外部環境和內部條件的基礎上,結了金信的優勢與劣勢,剖析了企業面臨的機遇和挑戰,並據此提出了公司的發展目標,制定了企業整體發展戰略,按照國家化學工業「十五」規劃中確定的「有所為有所不為」 、 「有進有退」的原則,確定了「化肥化工並舉,逐步推進相關多元化,打造綜合型化肥聯合企業集團」的戰略方向,明確了「加快內部產業結構調整和產品結構優化」的戰略重點,制定了「低領先的目標集中戰略」 ,形了金信公司的整體發展戰略框架。文章理論與實際相結合,把戰略管理理論應用於企業戰略研究實踐,對金信公司的產品結構調整、技術改造、內部改革、企業管理和未來的穩定發展具有一定的指導意義。
  3. Inheriting from the first civil war, the good tradition of ideology politics education in the army, & summarizing the experience of red army construction in the past two years, gutian conference made " the resolution of gutian conference ", hence solved the essential problem of how to made cpc proletarian party, & the army new type people ' s army under the circumstances that farmers & petty bourgeoisies made up the major part of the society

    古田會議繼承了第一次國內革命戰爭時黨在革命軍隊的思想政治教育的優良傳統,結了紅軍兩年多的建設經驗,形了《古田會議決議》 ,解決了處于分散的農村游擊戰爭的環境中,農民、小資產階級佔主要分的情況下,如何把黨建無產階級政黨、如何使軍隊為新型人民軍隊的根問題。
  4. Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal

    文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法,藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據,從闡述社會保障的基問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法,目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造我國農村社會保障積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制,通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實,指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義,通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。之,同是作為中華人民共和國公民,無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。
  5. The sort, material composite, structure properties and conduction mechanisms of eca ( electrical conductive adhesive ) were discussed in this paper. then three types of ega specimens were designed and made, on which temperature cycles test from - 55 ? to + 125 ? and thermal aging at + 125 ? were carried out. changes of the adhesive strength, eca ' s bulk resistance and contact resistance under the environment stress were summarized and a detailed evaluation on these specimens was given

    文在全面闡述導電膠的分類組、物理結構、導電機理的基礎上,設計並製作了三批導電膠樣品,通過對樣品進行時間的- 55 ? ? + 125溫度循環和125高溫存儲試驗,結了導電膠粘接強度、體電阻和接觸電阻在環境應力下的變化規律,對三類樣品的可靠性做出了全面的評價,並結合導電膠電阻率和「穿流閾值」的計算機模擬,給出了提高導電膠可靠性和電導率的建議,介紹了國內外在高電導率高可靠性導電膠研製方面的一些最新進展。
  6. Rmb deposit and loan interest rate float block expands gradually, and progressively move towards marketization day by day. part iii : on the basis of using the experience and lessons of the change of interest rate in other countries for reference in course of the interest rate marketization, it is believed that there should be a course of raising up slightly in the interest rate in the early stage. but the market fluctuations it causes will not be too much ; according to actual operation result and a medium or long term of the reform, foreign currency interest rate has already drawn close to international interest rate competence progressively ; viewed from a short time, rmb loan interest rate total competence will tend towards dropping, some loan interest rate may rise ; the interest rate of the deposit will raise up unilaterally

    體而言,發展中國家的存貸利差要高於發達國家;第二部分:在結前幾年利率改革包括市場化改革的基礎上,認為,迄今為止,我國利率市場化改革的程度體上還比較低:同業拆借利率、貨幣市場債券回購利率、現券交易利率、外幣貸款利率、大額外幣存款利率等已完全市場化或基市場化,人民幣存貸款利率的浮動區間已逐漸擴大,並已漸進的方式日益走向市場化;第三部分:在借鑒境外利率市場化過程中利率變動的經驗教訓的基礎上,認為在我國利率市場化的初,利率應該有一小幅上揚的過程,但是其造的市場波動應該不會太大;從改革的實際運作結果和中來看,外幣利率已經逐步的向國際利率水平靠攏;從短來看,人民幣貸款利率水平將趨于下降,部分貸款利率有可能上升,存款利率將會單邊上揚。
  7. This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces

    文針對江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況,在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下,提出了一個適用於江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系,並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究果: ( 1 )研究結果發現,水的活動是新滑坡形或古滑坡復活的主要因素,一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力,另一方面是由於地下水的浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度,這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性; ( 2 )針對三峽庫區的特殊條件,系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化,從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面; ( 3 )通過對滑體處于旱季(天然狀態) 、雨季(暴雨或降雨狀態) 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合,文系統地歸納結出了10種典型計算工況,並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法,使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性; ( 4 )具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統,使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確; ( 5 )將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中,分析結果表明,文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。
  8. But being influenced by planning economy for many years, there are still many defects in financial management. for example, financial system is still the model of concentrating money into company " s headquarters, the headquarters is profit center, and the subordinated company is cost center. the function of financial management is not divided from function of accounting

    內蒙古電力於1998年由政企不分的企業局改制為國有獨資的有限責任公司,實現了應用財務管理職能的前提,但因受計劃經濟的影響,財務管理體制仍沒有脫離高度集中、統收統支的模式,核算與利潤核算分屬于不同的主體,公司部相當于利潤中心,所屬單位相當于中心;財務管理職能沒有完全從會計職能中分離出來,仍以核算為主。
  9. Optimal periodic control with the lowest operational cost by limiting total substrate discharge mass was studied. through adding new state variable and using supplement functions, the problem with restriction conditions was converted into nonrestriction problem. in addition, the dynamic searching method of optimal step coefficient was developed to modify the conventional gradient method, consequently the calculation problem of the multivariable optimal periodic control was able to be resolved better. it was found that the operational costs of optimal control under various initial states are distinctly different. a new concept of optimal control under optimal initial state was presented. it is pointed out emphatically that to the treatment system without optimal control condition, the suboptimal control with extensive practical value can be realized according to the results of optima control

    著重研究了在限制有機物排放量時,使其運行費用最低的最優周控制問題.通過增加新的狀態變量和用補償函數法,將課題的有約束條件問題化為無約束條件問題,並提出了最優步參數的動態搜索法來修改傳統的梯度法,從而較完善地解決了多變量最優周控制的計算問題.研究中還發現了不同初始條件下最優控制所需要的運行費用也大不相同,進而提出了最優初始狀態下最優周控制的新概念,這對保證出水質量的同時進一步降低污水處理來說具有更重要的意義.文還強調指出:對于尚不具備實現最優控制條件的處理系統,可根據最優控制的研究結果實現具有廣泛實用價值的準最優控制
  10. ( 6 ) conclusion was obtained by the analyzing the mechanics environment and the stability of the lanslide on the right bank after the dam built : the value of the rock mass stress increased and the tensile stress region obviously reduced, the direction of the principal stress was unchangeable the dam and the landslide were stable under the dangerous condition ( the reservoir and at the same time the earthquake was viii ), but when the water lever suddenly fell and did not think of other force, safe factor evidently reduced, the dam and the landslide will be destroyed under the most dangerous condition ( the water lever suddenly fell and at the same time the earthquake was vi ) ; the stability of the landslide will be destroyed by the horizontal thrust under the most dangerous condition or ; the physical and mechanical parameter will be reduced due to long period filter, the landslide will be destroyed too

    ( 6 )建壩工程荷載條件下河谷巖體力學環境分析及右岸古滑坡體的穩定問題分析得出:建壩后河谷的巖體應力量值明顯增高,同時左岸的張應力區的范圍及量值明顯減小,主應力的方向依然與模型的底邊界垂直;大壩建后逐漸蓄水階段以及同時考慮區最強地震力的作用等各種不同的工況條件時,滑坡體及壩體體上仍處于穩定狀態;水位驟降時,在未考慮其他外力作用的情況時,滑體的安全系數將顯著降低。若考慮水位驟降及區最大地震力的共同作用,壩體將在滑坡體下滑推力的作用下產生破壞;建壩后水平推力對右岸古滑坡體穩定性的影響分析可以看出,在最危險的工況條件下,壩體及滑坡體也將處于臨界狀態;在滲透變形的作用下,由於滑帶的物理力學參數的降低而有可能導致壩體失穩破壞。
  11. Unrealized loss recognized when market value of long - term investments below their costs under the lower of cost or market valuation method

    股權投資采與市價孰低法評價,當市價較為低,所認列之未實現跌價損失。
  12. The results indicated that liangyoupeijiu showed better plant and leaf type, higher ratio of grains to leaf area and larger photosynthesis area, stronger ability of population dry matter accumulation during the period of vegetative growth especially from heading to being mature, longer leaf duration and grains - filling after heading than that of its parents and controls s ; more grains per panicle, lager all sink per plant and 1000 - grain weight

    結果表明:兩優培九株葉型好,粒葉比和光合面積大,營養生群體干物質積累能力強,始穗后葉片功能、籽粒灌漿持續時間較,抽穗的干物質增量明顯強于其親和對照組合;穗頸節間維管組織比親及對照發達;兩優培九單株庫容量大,每穗實粒數多,千粒重較大。
  13. All wells are arranged in the order of the unit variable cost from low to high. the well whose unit variable cost is smaller than or equals the threshold of unit variable cost and the new well whose unit variable cost is high go into production

    全廠單井(除撈油井)按單位變動由低到高排序,把中、低井、高可轉撈油井、高新井和撈油井作為投產單井,投產單井產量和為優化產量。
  14. With a powerful and professional researching and exploiting team, keep the pace with the international advanced solar water heater product line, insure the excellent quality of the hinon ' s product, at the same time, picking the australia sydney university ss - c / cu plating technique of selective complex absorption coat, both the product performances and the technique indexes have reached the international advanced level

    依託英國集團部雄厚的技術力量支持,與國內多所工程設計研究院建立廣泛合作平臺的優勢,喜能公司一直致力於為方案解決中心,公司的專業技術顧問將為您提供全面卓越的優化技術和方法,通過方案中心的技術積累,能夠以最優的用水方案幫助客戶實現最低的運營,讓客戶從技術優勢中獲取最大經濟效益。
  15. From the point of view of producer, the model in this paper deals with an inbound material - collection problem. an integrated inventory - transportation system is developed with a modified periodic - review inventory policy and a traveling - salesman component

    生產商庫存配送一體化優化模型主要通過分別求解周檢查補給倉庫的庫存控制問題和配送問題來求解庫存配送一體化問題,並得到平均的最小值。
  16. Then the vvriter put fonvard total - cost leading strategy, concentration strategy on intemational market ; and fiom a long - term point of view, the vvriter put fonvard entirety strategy on domestic market and localization strategy on the intemational market the analyzes break through the method that regards strategy making as the extend of rolling plan undcttheplanningsystemoftiiinking, and break through 5 - year system of strategy time - unit this can meet the need of the strategic development fiom the view of enterprise life - cycle

    上述分析充分利用了波特行業結構模式,並通過swot法分析了優勢、劣勢、機會、威脅,進而提出了國內市場的領先戰略、國際市場的集中戰略,以及從遠看,國內市場的前向一體化戰略與國際市場的土化戰略。這種分析論證突破了以往計劃思維方式下將戰略制定視同計劃的滾動延伸,並且在戰略時間單位上突破了以往的5年制,這也是從企業生命周出發實現戰略發展的需要。
  17. In this paper, first discussed are the corresponding results in highway and dam constructions and the engineering characters of rock - fills are deeply analyzed, especially the relationships between gradation, strength and maximum dry density, long - term stability of fillers including earth - fillers and rock - fillers and some conclusions of use are drawn. by in - situ tests and researches on compacting mechanism of high - filled rock embankments, effecting factors on compaction, construction technology and shock compacting technology, obtained in this paper are the compacting technology of high - filled rock embankment and the optimal parameters of rolling compaction. by deeply research on the theory and methods of quality control of high - filled embankment, settled are the questions as quality detection method and control standard of high - filled rock embankment

    文首先結和分析了國內外公路和壩工行業已有的相關果,深入探討了填石料的工程性質與最大幹密度、穩定性等之間的關系,得到了一些有益的結論;通過現場試驗路堤的試驗和對高填石路堤壓實機理、填石路堤壓實效果影響因素、施工工藝和沖擊壓實技術等研究,解決高填石路堤壓實工藝和最優碾壓參數控制等技術問題;通過深入研究填石路堤壓實質量控制原理和方法,解決高填石路堤壓實質量檢測方法和控制標準技術難題;解決高填石路堤沉降觀測技術問題,並根據沉降觀測結果研究高填石路堤地基和路堤沉降變化規律,得到了能預測沉降變化規律的「龔帕斯」曲線預測模型;根據工程實際,深入研究了邊坡穩定性的影響因素,得到了有益的結論。
  18. A series of problems have been dealt with, such as the interfirem trust situation as a whole, whether there is difference in the trust of suppliers with different kind of business or in different phases, the main factors that affect the trust for suppliers and how client trust influence their purchase intention and long - term collaborative intention. the main purpose of this paper is to understand the actuality of interfirm trust of domestic organizations in marketing, to discuss how the customer trust comes into being and the mechanism of customer trust in the development of client relationship development. the paper is aimed to offer some insights into further study of trust theory based on customer relationship and some practical advices for chinese enterprises to build up customer trust

    文就是基於組織營銷中客戶關系管理的視角,站在客戶的角度,主要研究在中國社會文化背景下的組織營銷的客戶關系中,目前我國客戶信任的體水平如何、處于什麼樣的層次、對不同發展階段以及企業性質的供應商的信任度是否存在差異、影響客戶建立對供應商信任感的主要因素是什麼、客戶信任是如何影響客戶的購買意圖以及合作意圖等一系列問題,其研究的目的主要是了解目前我國組織營銷中客戶信任的現狀,探討客戶對供應商信任感的形機制以及客戶信任在客戶關系發展中的作用機制,從而為我國以後進一步研究基於客戶關系的信任理論提供一些有益的借鑒和對中國企業如何建立客戶的信任提出一些有益的策略性建議。
  19. Long run total cost

    長期總成本
  20. 5. some cost and price relations in the status of vendor management inventory of buyers ( vmi ) were studied, on which the retailer was looked as the kernel enterprise in supply chain. the impacts of cost from vmi on vendors, buyers and the channel were analyzed in short period and long period

    研究了不確定需求條件下,以零售商為核心的供應商管理用戶庫存問題( vmi )中的庫存關系、價格關系,以及vmi方案對供求雙方的影響和對供應鏈系統帶來的變化,並分別在短假設條件下,分析vmi的效果。
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