間型木 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jiānxíngmù]
間型木
英文
intermediate tree-
We have observed the following characteristics of anatomical structure and development : ( 1 ) the primary roots belong to archetype and the lateral roots occur in the position toward the xylem of the vascular cylinder ; ( 2 ) the root endodermis consists of thicken casparian strips, and there are from two lo four layers parenchyma cells near the pericycle ; ( 3 ) the pith and resins canals are absent in the toots ; ( 4 ) secondary structure occurs in the root hair zone, and vascular cambium is formed from the parenchyma cells between the primary xylem and primary phloem ; ( 5 ) tanning materials are abundant in pericycle cells and phelloderm cells ; ( 6 ) sclereids are found in secondary phloem, and rays are rather rich in secondary xylem
結果表明：氣生不定根具有以下結構特徵和發育特點： （ 1 ）根為二原型，側根正對著木質部發生； （ 2 ）幼根內皮層細胞具凱氏帶加厚，維管柱內緊挨中柱鞘內側具有2 ~ 4層大型薄壁細胞； （ 2 ）根中無髓和樹脂道； （ 4 ）次生結構發生於根毛區，維管形成層由初生木質部和初生韌皮部之間的薄壁細胞轉化形成； （ 5 ）中柱鞘和栓內層細胞富含單寧類物質； （ 6 ）次生韌皮部有石細胞，次生木質部射線發達。There are many adaptive changes in the two research subjects ( artemisia. songarica schrenk. and seriphidium. santolinum ( schrenk ) polijak. ) in morphology and anatomy, such as with the increase of the daily age, the root - shoots ratio increased ; the root became stronger ; the ratio of leaf volume and leaf area increased ; the volume of epidermic cell decreased ; the cut - icle and phellem layer on the surface of root thickened. stoma caved in leaf ; epidermal hair of leaf and stem well - developed, palisde tissue developed well, the cell gap decreased ; the spongy tissue disappeared ; leaf is kinds of isolateralthat is the typical xeromorphic structure ; crystal cell and fibric cell increased ; conducting tissue and mechanical tissue developed well ; bundle sheath appeared
實驗研究的兩種菊科（ compositae ）植物（準噶爾沙蒿（ artemisiasongaricaschrenk ）和沙漠絹蒿（ seriphidiumsantolinum （ schrenk ） poljak . ） ） ，形態解剖方面的變化表現為：隨日齡增加，根長/株高比值日益增大；根系逐漸發達；體積與葉面積比逐漸增大；表皮細胞體積變小；角質層增厚；根外部出現加厚的木栓層；氣孔下陷；葉、莖部的表皮毛密布，柵欄組織日益發達；而細胞間隙日漸變小；海綿組織逐漸消失；葉面結構常為典型旱生結構? ?等葉面；晶細胞及纖維細胞數目增多；輸導組織、機械組織日漸發達；具有維管束鞘等等。Abstract : this article introduces a new type indirect furnace heating drying kiln. it can be applied to medium and small - sized factories without boilers
文摘:介紹了一種新型爐氣間接加熱木材幹燥窯，適用於沒有鍋爐供熱的中、小型木材加工企業使用。Previous researchers have always determined the sp atial distribution patterns ( sdp ) of castanopsis kawakamii with a sample - dis tance method. however, the distribution patterns may be affected by the quadrat si ze and, in the course of analysis, the density differences among the cluster plots are not considered ; therefore, differences of cluster plot size and the dispersi on degree among individuals of cluster plots can not be known. authers of this pa per have determined the spatial distribution patterns of castanopsis kawakamii population in different habitats by means of non - quadrat distance method and a nalysed the pattern intensity and grain of the sdp. the pattern intensity is defi ned with the relative density differences and the pattern grain can embody the d ispersion degree of the individuals in the plots, and the dispersion degree among the plots. the determined results are as follows. the intensities of the species range in order from strong to week : litsea mollifolia p. kawakamii i. purpure a r. cochinchinensis c. kawakamii c. carlessii d. oldphamii s. superba. the gra ins of the species queue in order from coarse to close : s. superba = litsea mollif olia r. cohinchinensis c. kawakamii = i. purpurea c. carlessii p. racemosam d. oldp hamii. these determined results tally basiclly with the results authers of this paper have got in determining the same plots by means of aggregate index access ing method. in view of this, it is held that the sdp of c. kawakamii is closely related to the habitats and biological features
前人都是採用樣方方法對格氏栲種群數量的空間格局進行測定，而格局分佈有可能受樣方大小的影響，且分析過程中沒有涉及聚塊間密度差的問題，因而無法掌握種群的聚塊大小差別及聚塊內個體間的離散程度.本研究採用無樣方距離法，測定不同生境的格氏栲種群空間格局，分析格氏栲種群格局的強度和紋理.強度以聚塊和間隙的密度差來定義，紋理則是體現聚塊內個體間的離散程度與諸聚塊間的分離程度.測定結果表明，格氏栲種群格局強度從高到低排列次序為：木姜子蚊母樹冬青茜草樹格氏栲米櫧虎皮楠木荷；格局紋理從粗到細的順序是：木荷=木姜子茜草樹格氏栲=冬青米櫧蚊母樹虎皮楠.這一測定結果與作者採用聚集度指標測定相同樣地格氏栲種群空間格局的結果基本相符.因此，格氏栲空間格局類型及分佈與格氏栲生物學特性及生境的關系密切Many planets ( for example, ganymede, mercury, the earth, jupiter and saturn ) and stars ( for example, the sun ) possess intrinsic magnetic fields. the explanation for their existence and variation remains a great challenge to planetary scientists and astrophysicists. this article attempts to review some recent developments and difficulties in the study of magnetohydrodynamics for the electrically conducting fluid interiors of planets and stars. it is the fluid motions, usually driven by thermal convection, that generate and sustain magnetic fields through magnetohydrodynamic processes in planets and stars. in planets, the magnetohydrodynamic processes are strongly affected by the combined and inseparable effects of rotation, magnetic fields and spherical geometry. the key dynamics involves the interaction between the coriolis and lorentz forces. in the sun, it is the solar tachocline, a thin shear flow layer located at the base of the convection envelope, that plays an essential role in the solar magnetohydrodynamic processes which produce the 11 - year sunspot cycle. some results of a new nonlinear three - dimensional solar dynamo model are also presented
許多行星（如木衛三，水星，地球，木星和土星）和恆星（如太陽）具有內部磁場.對這些磁場的存在和變化的解釋對行星科學家和天體物理學家是一個巨大的挑戰.本文試圖總結行星和恆星的導電流體內部磁流體力學研究的新近發展和困難.一般由熱對流驅動的流動通過磁流體力學過程產生並維持在行星和恆星中的磁場.在行星中磁流體力學過程強烈地受到轉動，磁場和球幾何位型的綜合影響.其動力學的關鍵方面涉及科里奧利力和洛倫茲力間的相互作用.在太陽中其流線，即處于對流層的薄的剪切流層在太陽的磁流體力學過程中扮演了一個基本的角色，並由之產生了11年的太陽黑子周期.本文也給出了一個新的非線性三維太陽發電機模型It was shown that vessel elements in secondary xylem of p. emblica have many different forms and most of them have tails and their perforation plates divide into two types : ( 1 ) there is one simple perforation plate at each end of the vessel elements and ( 2 ) there is one simple perforation plate at one end of the vessel elements and two simple perforation plate at the other end ; ( 3 ) a few vessel elements have special inclusions ; ( 4 ) the intervascular pits are alternate pits ; ( 5 ) the pits between the vessels and rays are mixed pits, pits with transverse gashes and scalariform pits
結果發現，余甘子次生木質部導管分子中存在著許多不同的樣式，導管分子大多數具尾；其穿孔板存在著兩種類型： （ 1 ）兩端均為1個單穿孔板； （ 2 ）一端為1個單穿孔板;另一端為2個單穿孔板； （ 3 ）極少數的導管分子具有特殊的內含物； （ 4 ）管間紋孔式為互列紋孔式； （ 5 ）導管射線間紋孔式為混合型紋孔與橫列刻痕狀紋孔以及梯狀穿孔。Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account
依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。Fiber - tracheid an elongated cell with bordered pits found in wood, intermediate in form between a fiber and a tracheid
纖維管胞：木材中具有具緣紋孔的細長細胞，是纖維和管胞的中間類型。Especially in the north slope, the broad - leaved wood of red pine, the animal ( insect ), plant ( tall tree, shrub, herb ) and the tree grows plentiful. the living creature is numerous, and the complete vegetative chain of formation is with the food net, provided the proper and living space for the animal ( insect ) and plant ( tall tree, shrub, herb )
長白山作為我國北方溫帶地區最高的山峰，保存了最為典型和完整的森林生態系統，特別是在長白山北坡的紅松闊葉林帶，樹種豐富，生物繁多，形成完整的食物鏈和食物網，對生活于其中的動物（昆蟲） 、植物（喬木、灌木、草本）提供了適宜的生活空間。We are specialist in all kinds of high - end aluminum material for furniture, interior decorations, versatile and sliding aluminum door, durable interlayer door 、 folding door 、 hanging door 、 door parts, shower room, dhanging room, sliding doorcomponents ( fabric 、 rattan 、 wire craftwork 、 wooden cutwork 、 glass ) and etc, we also have a vast amount inventory of aluminium material and components to meet local customer ' s desmand
我廠專業生產各種高檔家居鋁材，室內裝飾鋁材，款式多變的移門鋁材，經濟實用的中空門、平開門、折疊門、吊門、趟門鋁材，風格獨特的衣帽間鋁材，以及移門的相關配件（布楊、草藝、騰藝、工藝夾絲、木質雕花、玻璃晶片）等產品，並且廠部有大量鋁型材及配件庫存以方便全國廣大客戶的需求。The company has been established for many years, introduced the professional furniture production equipment with world level successively, have large - scale product show drawing room 2000 more than now, staff 300 more than, produce and cover an area of 13000 more than, the company specializes in and mainly push the products to include : real wooden the top class in a kindergarten platform, file frame, staff member platform, handle official business screen, swivel chair, the top class in a kindergarten chair, sofa, student furniture, laboratory bench, defending the bath, high interval, etc. series
公司自成立多年以來，先後引進了具有國際水平的專業傢具生產設備，現擁有大型產品展示廳2000多平方米，員工300多名，生產及佔地面積13000多平方米，公司專業生產及主推產品包括：實木大班臺、文件櫃、職員臺、辦公屏風、轉椅、大班椅、沙發、學生傢具、實驗臺、衛浴、高間隔等系列。The structure of the modern woodwork, processing quality has proposed higher demand to the wood processing equipment, for instance : wooden tenon position public errand, hole of interval, modes in chinese operatic music of furniture must high many rows of drill is it realize to come very by precision, panel unloading to is it realize to come by accurate person who cuts out board, is it is it is it is it sharpen by accurate numerical control machining center is it realize to come to mill to process to pare to milling extremely high of imitating etc.
現代建築裝飾及家具行業的發展與加工設備是休戚相關的。現代木製品的結構加工質量對木材加工設備提出了較高的要求，如：板式傢具的木榫孔間距的位置公差必須由精度很高的多排鉆來實現，板材下料是由精密裁板機來實現，仿型極高的銑削加工是由精密數控銑削加工中心來實現的。We choose the forest appearance tidiness, representative stands serving as standard plots, 40 stands were set up at qinling, hanzhong, huanghong in shaanxi respectively, measure every tree in the stands, measure the actual increase by the dominance tree, the time series model of individual age and diameter of quercus variabilis was established according to the actual diameter of quercus variabilis population by the fluctuant time series, the comparison of simulation and reality value of the every stand of quercus variabilis population diameter increase through the four models, the average simulation difference within 1. 5 %, the accuracy is 97. 8 % the simulation effect is better
在陜西的秦嶺、漢中、黃龍地區選擇林相整齊、有代表性的地段作為標準地，設置樣方40個，對各樣方內的林木進行每木檢尺，通過優勢木解析的方法，測得栓皮櫟種群胸徑的實際生長量，運用起伏型時間序列分析，建立了栓皮櫟種群個體年齡與胸徑生長的時間序列模型，四個模型所得的各個樣地栓皮櫟胸徑生長的模擬值與實際值進行比較，其模擬平均誤差都在1 . 5 %以內，平均精度達到97 . 8 % ，模擬效果較好。The research can offer some important references to the population ecology of endangerous plant, too. based on the dates of two different circumstances, two standard life tables of form. taais chinensis var. mcarei population are founded by mathematical technique according to premising with " space deducing time ", and the curves of survival rate, mortality rate and killing power were drew. the results showed both of the survival curves of population appeared to be a type of deevey - iii and the high mortality of seeding is one of the important reasons which caused taxus chinensis var. mairei to be endangered, which badly limited the enlargement of form. taxus chinensis var. mcarei population
由於南方紅豆杉無解析木，因而以「空間推時間」 、 「橫向導縱向」方法，將林林依胸徑大小分級，以立木級結構代表年齡結構，採用分段勻滑技術，對兩個不同生境的南方紅豆杉種群編制特定時間生命表，繪制存活曲線，結果表明不同生境的南方紅豆杉種群的存活曲線均趨于deevey -型，兩地差異較小，幼苗死亡率極高，不同生境的幼苗死亡率均達到96以上。Some stations can be found in the upper atmospheres of some gas giants ; those kind of stations are using anti - gravity generators and are the most expensive to run
在類木行星（即巨型氣態行星）上層大氣中的空間站使用反重力發生器來保持相對位置，它們的運行成本也最高。Study on spatial pattern of ovum, pupa and emergence holes of pisodes yunnanensis
華山松木蠹象卵蛹及羽化孔空間分佈型研究The first sight to greet the eye on entering is a large expanse of lush green grass on which rabbits, piglets, kittens and children play happily. around it are six huts with grass - thatched roofs and bamboo walls, and a larger thatched cabin, which look like something straight out of an old photograph of plains aboriginal life. these were recreated by maolu owner mao ming - hsu after much experimentation
環繞著綠草地的是茅草為頂修竹為墻，一字排開的六間茅草帳，及大型的茅草屋，彷佛從平埔族的老照片走出來一般，這是茅廬的夢想家老闆茅明旭，考證平埔族家居，與木工老師傅在多次的嘗試中，終將過往平埔族人的生活穿越時空，重現人間。There are 127 international standard guest rooms. with the copied ancient courtyard shape and garden view style as its main character, the hotel has verdant grass and trees, evergreen and whirling bamboo. it is an ideal accommodation place for negotiating business, visiting friends and family members, and traveling around
酒店擁有國際標準客房127間，以仿古庭院式園林風光格調為主的酒店內草木蔥蘢，竹影婆娑，奇山瀑布音樂噴泉，亭臺樓榭，清池游魚，環境優雅，並擁有高級娛樂場所，桑拿按摩和大型停車場，是商務客人洽談生意，探親訪友和旅遊的理想下榻之地。Definition of the wood - frame - construction house : one kind of frame - construction house, the wall and the floor and the roof of which are made of the structural wood - based panel and the specific timber, distance between each is less than 600 millimeter, jointed by the metal joinsts
輕型木構小住宅是指：將木基結構板材與間距不大於600mm側立的規格材用金屬件連接成墻體、樓蓋、和屋蓋，並組成框架式結構的住宅，一般為1 ? 3層。The positive load take absolutely advantage in the first spatial pattern of year and seasons. especially that the precipitation field load of winter is all positive. not in the southwest of china because of southwest monsoon etc. system ; the characteristics of the second spatial pattern are that most of the area is taken up by positive load in year and four seasons, the west of talimu basin is the center of negative load of the year, spring and autumn vector fields ; east of zhungeer basin is the center of positive load of the third spatial pattern of year, spring, summer and winter, the center of negative load is often in east of chaidamu basin, but the distribution center of autumn is in east of zhungeer basin ; the distribution of the fourth spatial pattern is difficult to describe and forms several centers of positive and negative load ; several centers of positive and negative load also appear, the distribution of load fields of the fifth spatial pattern of year, spring and winter represents the situation of " +, -, + " from southeast to northwest ; the complexity of the sixth spatial pattern is more stonger than that of the fourth and the fifth spatial pattern, several centers of load fields of year and each season often appears inverse situation of the positive and the negative load. but the centers are still most in zhungeer basin, chaidamu basin and talimu basin
第一空間型中，年和四季都是正荷載占據絕對優勢，特別是冬季降水場皆為正值，只是西南地區由於受西南季風等系統的影響，表現為與其它地區的不同；第二空間型的特點如下：年和四季分佈皆為正荷載占據大部分區域，負荷載中心年、春季和秋季分佈中都是位於塔里木盆地西部地區；第三空間型正荷載高值中心除秋季外都是處在準格爾盆地以東地區，負荷載中心多在柴達木盆地以東地區，秋季卻處于準格爾盆地以東地區；第四空間型分佈就較復雜無章法可言，形成多處正負荷載中心；第五空間型特徵是這樣的，同樣是多個荷載中心出現，年、春季和冬季中的荷載場分佈從東南到西北大體呈現「 + 、 - 、 + 」的特點；第六空間型分佈的復雜程度較之第四、第五空間型更大，年和各季分佈比較中多個荷載中心常出現正負相反的情況，但中心仍以柴達木盆地、準格爾盆地和塔里木盆地為主。分享友人