間接項目成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jiānjiēxiàngmùchéngběn]
間接項目成本 英文
indirect project cost
  • 間 : 間Ⅰ名詞1 （中間） between; among 2 （一定的空間或時間里） with a definite time or space 3 （一間...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 項 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頸的後部） nape （of the neck） 2 （款項） sum （of money） 3 [數學] （不用加、減號連接...
  • 目 : Ⅰ名詞1 （眼睛） eye 2 （大項中再分的小項） item 3 [生物學] （把同一綱的生物按彼此相似的特徵分為幾...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 間接 : indirect; secondhand
  • 項目 : item; article; clause; subject of entry; [體育] event
  1. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  2. Please note that each reservation site has different booking rules and procedures. as " accommodations japan " only facilitates the linkage between hotel accommodations and potential users, it accepts no responsibility for service suspension or failure, or other damages or loss arising from these, should any trouble regarding service contract between accommodations and potential customers arise. users of this service are requested to contact hotel accommodations directly for any questions they may have

    另外，日本住宿是為遊客架接住宿預約網站和各個住宿設施的橋梁，各網站與遊客簽訂的合同內容和手續不盡相同，因此，對客人和各網站、住宿設施之間發生的糾紛等、對于日本住宿中任何不足或無法使用之項目，或對因為這些資訊造成任何損失或損傷不承擔任何責任。
  3. What are our full costs, both direct and indirect, for operating each program ? * what are our full costs, both direct and indirect, for operating each program

    我們用於周轉每個項目全部的成本，包括直接成本和間接成本，是多少？
  4. Simply extract the figure for " purchases " from the profit and loss a c, irrespective of whether direct costs, direct expenses or overheads have been included under " purchases " in the accounts

    不管帳目內采購總值一項是否包括了直接成本直接費用或間接費用，只須從損益帳摘錄采購總值的數目便可。
  5. Simply extract the figure for " purchases " from the profit and loss ac, irrespective of whether direct costs, direct expenses or overheads have been included under " purchases " in the accounts

    不管帳目內采購總值一項是否包括了直接成本、直接費用或間接費用，只須從損益帳摘錄采購總值的數目便可。
  6. It includes : dynamic show of technics flow, real time data acquirement and show, history data save and print, fault alarm, etc. the plc control system mainly accomplishes the wastewater technics flow control, harmonizes the logical relationship among local intelligent control instruments and transmits the state of each local equipment to the industrial computer simultaneously, the plc control station receives the control commands from the industrial computer ; the local intelligent units take charge of the correlated parameters measure, disposal and control, and it will transmit the related parameters to the computer, etc. in this thesis, introduced municipal wastewater treatment technics, the integrated application program development of computer, the design method of plc control station, the communication between plc control system and computer, and the network of wastewater treatment with profibus - dp was also discussed

    上位計算機主要實現遠程監測和管理功能，具體包括:工藝流程動態顯示、實時數據獲得及顯示、歷史數據存儲與列印、故障報警等功能plc控制系統主要完成工藝流程式控制制以及協調現場各智能儀表之間的邏輯關系，將現場各設備的運行狀態通過通訊網路傳輸到上位計算機，並接收上位計算機的控制指令;現場各智能儀表單元負責各相關參數的監測和處理、控制，並將有關參數送往上位監控計算機進行處理、保存等。本文以莎車污水處理項目為例，介紹了城市污水處理工藝、上位監控計算機的綜合應用程序開發、城市污水處理自動控制系統plc控制站的設計和採用profibus系列中廣泛應用於現場設備的profibus - dp總線。
  7. The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital

    這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。
  8. To collect, set up and share standard cost information pool ; according to the requirements of managers and sponsors, in collaboration with program and grants managers, to confirm direct and indirect cost allocation standard and the actual cost allocation in different grants

    搜集建立並分享標準成本信息庫；根據管理和贈款人要求，與項目和贈款管理人員合作，確定直接和間接費用的計劃分攤標準和費用在不同贈款中的實際分攤方法。
  9. Allocating indirect, or overhead costs to programs helps make the economics of providing those programs more transparent

    分配間接成本或一般管理費用有助於使得這些項目的財務狀況更透明。
  10. To arrive at the full costs of running those programs, however, it is essential to allocate their indirect costs to them as well

    但是要得到運行這些項目的完全成本，必須將間接成本也考慮進去。
  11. It is reflected in the aspects of quantity and quality ; ( 3 ) the unsatisfactory benefit. the number of enterprises entering the epz in per square kilometer, the amount of investment, and the total value of import and export are not satisfactory ; ( 4 ) the high cost of operating and managing the enterprises inside the epz. on one hand, indirect purchase inside the nation increases cost ; on the other hand, the transportation under the supervision of customs increases the cost of logistics ; ( 5 ) the little technological content of the enterprises inside the epz

    發展速度緩慢，主要體現在總量和速度兩方面；項目引進難、規模偏小，主要體現在數量和質量兩方面；效益較差，每平方公里的進區企業數、引資額、進出口總額、出口總額都不理想，收益微薄；入區企業運行維護成本高，一方面國內間接采購增加費用，另一方面海關監管運輸增加物流成本；入甲文摘要旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦區企業科技含量較低，五家企業中只有一家屬于高科技企業，另外四家都屬于傳統機加工企業;前後向聯系差，帶動效應弱。
  12. The night position suits my goals for the present, and i ' m looking forward to the challenge of helping to make your hotel one of the key players here

    這項夜間工作正適合我目前的目標，我期待著迎接挑戰來幫助你們成為本地最主要的飯店之一。
  13. This paper takes the example for hulunbeier league, uses qualitative and quantitative methods, probes the following problems : estimation and disposal on investment cost and running expenses of grassland construction investment project estimation of project earnings principles of project borrowings and appliances of financial appraisal indexes and financial statements. based on the above research, conclusions are as following : if previous project period is longer than that of milti - year increment herbage, fixed investment must be considered which is resulted from renewed herbage when cost is estimated ; changes of period of operating cost resulted from renewed herbage and output changes must be considered when cost being estimated ; periodical output changes of herbage not only lead to cost changes, but also changes in project incremental income and relative cost indirectly ; devising suitable project borrowings is beneficial to favorable implementation on every project ; aiming for the characters of grassland construction investment project, selecting practicable financial appraisal statements and financial indexes can make calculating of financial beneficial of grassland construction project scientifically

    本文的研究主要以呼倫貝爾盟草地建設項目為例，基於案例進行定量和比較分析，探討草地建設項目在投資成本和營運成本的估價和處理、項目收益的估價、項目籌資方案的確定原則和項目財務評價指標與評價報表應用方面的特殊問題，得出如下結論：必須在成本估價時考慮牧草的更新所導致的固定投資；在進行成本估價時必須考慮由於牧草的更新和產出變化所導致的經營成本周期性的不同；多年生牧草在產出上的周期性變化不僅會導致成本上發生變化，也會導致項目新增收入的變化和與收入相關的成本間接發生變化；設計合情合理的籌資方案，有利於保證項目中的每一個子項目順利執行；針對草地建設投資項目的特點，選擇適用的財務評價報表和財務評價指標才能更科學地測算草地建設項目的財務效益。
  14. The second chapter makes a profound analysis of debt issues in utilizing foreign government loans. since the repayment default in foreign government loans is a main reason resulting in debt issues, this chapter selects the angle of repayment default of borrowers ( project units or the local ), especially the moral risks caused by borrowers " unwilling to repay, using the method of game theory, to analyze the selected strategies of each principle institution and the mutual relationships of influence and limitation among them, from which to find out the source of restricting repayment of foreign government loans

    論文第二部分對外國政府貸款中的債務問題進行深入地展開分析，因為外國政府貸款還款拖欠是造成債務問題的直接原因，所以本文的做法是從借款人（項目單位或地方）拖欠還款的角度，特別是針對借款單位主觀上不願意還款的道德風險問題運用博弈論的方法對債務問題涉及到的各主要機構之間的策略選擇和相互影響和制約的關系進行分析，從中找出制約外國政府貸款還款的根源。
  15. This paper, as a part of the project " complex space - base information network ", its main purpose is to grasp the theory of transfer over ieee 1394 bus, to make pre - research of the possibility and feasibility of the application of ieee 1394 in astronautics and space fields, to accomplish the 1394 - pci adapter and to develop the 1394 demo system on windows platform, which makes smooth transition to develop 1394 technology under realtime operation system vxworks which is used in on - board computers

    本文作為天基網預研項目之一，其目的是掌握ieee1394工作原理，對其在空間飛行器電子綜合系統中的應用做初步探索和研究，實現1394 - pci轉接卡，完成在windows下的ieee1394演示系統，為其在航天星載機的實時操作系統vxworks下的開發平緩過渡。
  16. At the end of 2001 - 2003, under the oriented project support of caep, a nc training center has been built. in the year of 2001, the main works includes equipment choice, install, and adjusta local network has been built to connect the machines tools and workstation, and though the server can connect to internet

    通過2001 ? 2003年中物院數控培訓專項項目的建設，基本建成了中物院數控培訓中心；期間完成了數控培訓中心方案設計；建立了適合的設備網路並實現了與校園網和internet的連接。
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