降低利息 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jiàngdīlìxī]
降低利息
英文
lowering of interest-
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。Hisfed has cut rates with the economy looking ropy ? but also with bankers andpoliticians trying to bully him
他主導的美聯儲在看起來不僅束手縛腳的經濟體系中降低了利息? ?並且那些銀行和政客還試圖恐嚇他。Implement various activities such as research on the use of catechins to lower the dose of antibiotics in animal fodder, thorough hygiene management at stockbreeding sites, and the recording and providing of livestock production information
全面執行各項行動，例如研究利用兒茶酚，降低動物飼料中的抗生素劑量，對養殖場實施全面的衛生管理，以及記錄並提供牲畜生產信息。Internet technique emergence, makes the e - business possible, and not only consumedly expanding the bargain scope, but also availably shortening bargain time, lowering the bargain cost. how the professional enterprises share profit to use the professional information, and ask for help to realize the purchase, produce, manage with the e - business, has already become the urgent need
Internet技術的出現，使電子化交易成為可能，不僅大大擴展了交易的范圍，而且可以有效地縮短交易時間、降低交易成本，行業間的企業如何充分利用行業信息，藉助電子商務技術來實現采購、生產、經營和管理流程，已經成為迫切的需求。In the leach - new protocol, the mainly improvement of the leach protocol exhibits as follow : for the sake of balancing the network load, the network choose the clusters based on the residual energy ; we take multi - hop communication between sensors instead of single - hop communication, which results in the reduction of energy consumption of clusters ; the new protocol finds the path to the cluster head with the minimum cost, using an algorithm similar to flooding to propagate the cost information and greedy algorithm to find the lowest cost link ; the algorithm for assigning tdma time slot reduces overall delays of network
在leach - new協議中，對leach協議的改進主要體現在以下幾個方面:根據節點剩餘能量選擇簇頭，以平衡網路負載;節點間採用多跳路由，降低簇頭能量消耗;節點根據能量消耗的代價來選擇至簇頭的路由，通過擴散演算法來廣播代價消息，採用貪婪演算法來選擇能量消耗最小的路徑;採用tdma時隙分配演算法減少網路時延。最後，利用ns2模擬軟體進行驗證。Based on sndm technique, a method of local capacitance - voltage characteristic characterization of ferroelectric thin films was proposed. the effect of traps at oxide - semiconductor interface on metal - oxide - semiconductor structure capacitance - voltage curve was discussed, and the influence of coercive field to the capacitance - voltage characteristics of ferroelectric thin films was also discussed. the dynamic switching of ferroelectric domain in ca doping ( pb, la ) tio3 thin film was studied by sndm from the view of electricity
利用sndm ，從純電學的角度觀察了plct薄膜中的電疇動態反轉過程，由電疇橫向擴張的移動速度的降低，發現了晶界在電疇反轉過程中對疇壁移動的阻擋作用;根據sndm和pfm的在垂直方向上的不同信息敏感深度，得到plct薄膜中電疇反轉過程中電疇是楔形疇;用pfm觀察同一電疇在去掉外加反轉電場后電疇的極化弛豫現象，結果表明空間電荷是發生極化弛豫的主要原因。The algorithm takes advantages of all nonredundant information of the fourth - order cumulant matrices and so reduces the computational cost
該方法利用了四階累積量陣的所有非冗餘信息，在很大程度上降低了運算量。An increase in the market price of a discounted bond resulting from an approaching maturity date, rather than from declining interest rates
隨著到期日的臨近，而不是利息的降低，造成的貼現債券市價的上漲。To make full use of substitution of all relationships and to integrate all employment sources must reduce the relative costs, and the concrete measures are : to make career arms and employment plans in college and to show detailed employment plans and arms of the employing units ; to set up fully employment information service system and make complete use of the internet ; to construct the graduate employment markets and reinforce the montority of the medium service ; to enstrength the construction of employment centre of college
利用替代關系，有機整合各類就業資源，可以降低就業成本，具體措施為：高校開展職業生涯規劃與就業指導，招聘單位有翔實的用人計劃和目標；建立健全就業信息服務體系，發揮網路優勢；規范大學生就業市場，加強對中介機構的監管力度；加強高校就業指導中心的建設。The appearance of new economy represented by ec did n ' t make the developing of traditional enterprise out of date, only for the traditional enterprise could enhance the management exteriorly and inner by meaning of the information technology and manage model provided by ec, and make down the cost of business
以電子商務為代表的新經濟的出現，並沒有使傳統企業的發展過時，只要傳統企業能夠利用電子商務所提供的先進信息技術和管理模式來加強企業內、外部管理，降低交易成本，電子商務就為傳統產業的進一步發展提供了一個更好的平臺。We mainly discuss the methods of gmti, location, and the measure of velocity, the decrease of false alarm probability and the compensation for phase error
主要研究mcarm數據動目標的檢測、定位和測速的方法，利用定位和測速信息進一步降低虛警概率的方法和相位誤差補償方法。Under the conditions of socialistic market economy, an architecture enterprise should build up strategic thinking and find the practical links probably leading to cost reduction. the practical links are as follows : guiding price competition with system integration thought, attending to the relation of quality and cost correctly, cutting down cost by means of jit and cims, western re - build project and management in public, erp management system, etc
這些切入點包括：用系統整合的思想指導價格競爭，正確處理產品質量與成本的關系，通過市場化的方式來降低成本，通過及時采購、及時生產加速資金周轉來降低成本，通過資源共享來降低成本，利用計算機為中心的信息管理系統來降低成本。Owing to institutional, cultural, social and policy - triggered factors and the resulting opportunistic motives of organizations and individuals, there are abundant behaviors breaking laws and violating discipline, such as misrepresentation, earnings management, purchased auditing, fraudulent auditing, false information transmission, insider trading and etc, in the process of information transmission in china ' s securities market. as the result, market efficiency is undermined, both interests and confidence of investors are impaired
由於機構和個人的機會主義動機及其背後的經濟制度因素、歷史文化因素、社會因素、政策性因素等誘因，我國證券市場信息披露、信息傳遞和信息運用過程中存在著比較嚴重的虛假陳述、盈利操作、購買審計、審計舞弊、虛假或不實信息傳遞、內幕交易等利用不對稱信息優勢謀取私利的違法違規行為，證券市場有效性大大降低，投資者（尤其是中小個人投資者）的利益受到侵害，投資者對證券市場的信心開始動搖。From above analysis, the author holds the role of replacement of logistics requirement taken by information flow is relatively clear. the government should understand this point as soon as possible : accelerating the pace of information construction especially in west and middle region to integrate it into the whole country environment and fasten the decrease in logistics cost ; on the other hand, as a member of supply chain, the enterprise should make use of it to seek the approach of sharing information in order to reduce logistics cost through use of effective information flow and implement the development object of enterprise in supply chain
通過以上分析，作者認為信息流對物流的替代作用比較明顯，作為政府，應該及早認識到這一點，加快信息化的步伐，特別是中西部地區，使中西部地區能融入到全國環境中，從而促進全國物流成本降低；而作為供應鏈成員企業，則應利用這一點，積極尋求信息共享的途徑，以高效的信息流降低物流成本，從而實現供應鏈企業發展目標。Logistics is a new industry which conforms transportation, storage, handling, machining, equipment and delivery, information and other processes to deal in incorporation by using modem means of organization and management. it ' s also a new economic increasing point and an important mine of profits to the enterprise besides the reduction of resources consumption and the enhancement of labor rate
物流業是利用信息和網路技術，運用現代組織和管理方式，將運輸、倉儲、裝卸、加工、配送、信息等環節進行整合併一體化經營的新興產業，是企業在降低物資消耗、提高勞動率以外的重要利潤源泉和新的經濟增長點。As to traditional marketing channel, under new economy environment based on knowledge and information technology, and characterized by individuation, interaction and fast speed, enterprises have to directly face the problems such as how to cut down unreasonable marketing channel costs, how to establish the speediness mechanism of marketing channel, how to reasonably allocate rare profit between marketing channel members, how to transform push system of marketing channel into pull system, and so on
單就企業的營銷渠道而言，面對以知識、信息技術為基礎，追求個性化、速度化和互動化為特點的新經濟環境，如何降低不合理的營銷渠道成本、如何建立營銷渠道的快速反應機制、營銷渠道成員如何實現薄利的合理分配以及營銷渠道如何實現由推動型（ pushsystem ）向拉動型（ pullsystem ）轉變等都是傳統營銷渠道不得不直接面對的問題。In all equipment and the department of between two depot accelerate information visit of speed according to the company ' s existing network resources and the corresponding management software to improve the level of decision - making, and optimize the day - to - day management, workload and reduce maintenance costs and improve equipment intact rate, extended operating life of equipment, thus continuing to enhance the profitability of enterprises
通過公司現有的網路資源，加之相應管理軟體，在設備部與各個二級分廠之間加快信息的訪問速度，提高決策水平，優化日常管理，降低維修工作量和成本，提高設備完好率，延長設備運行壽命，從而增強企業持續盈利能力。In cradle while cut down divides low - grade forest, notice to do authority of nice area branch and low layer vegetation clear the job, can reduce rat already kind concealment place, destroy mouse kind live condition, reduce rat kind density, can reduce miscellaneous bush to wait again at the same time right young forest competition, those who be helpful for forest is hale grow and shift to an earlier date closing cheng lin, the forest land after yu ren is shut goes against rat kind habitat, can rise to control rat to feel the effect that produces greatly
在撫育伐除劣等林木的同時，注重做好地面枝權及低層植被的清理工作，既可減少鼠類的隱蔽場所，破壞鼠類生存條件、降低鼠類密度，同時又能減少雜灌木等對幼林的競爭，有利於林木的健壯生長和提前郁閉成林，郁人閉后的林地不利於鼠類棲息，可以起到控制鼠害大發生的作用。Facing fierce market competition, in order to further enhance core competitiveness, the chinese postal savings bank which will be established in the coming days must firmly establish the strategic position of personal banking and develop the personal banking business. vast domestic personal financial markets can bring opportunities for the postal savings bank, but also bring development challenges. only after implementing the " customer - centred, market - oriented " business ideas, and continuously enhancing and improving product, marketing, services and other aspects, strengthening the quality of customer service, enhancing customer satisfaction, loyalty and contribution, can personal banking survive in a competitive market and achieve sustainable development
要將經營思路從「偏重儲蓄發展」轉變為「以儲蓄為基礎，積極發展匯兌、代理保險及各項中間業務」 ;將發展重點從「單純擴大余額，獲取利差收入為主」轉變為「大力發展以活期儲蓄帳戶為基礎、以卡為載體的各種中間業務，降低付息成本，多渠道增加業務收入」 ;將競爭方式從「全體動員」為主要形式轉變為「依靠科技進步和提升整體競爭能力」為主。It is still far too soon to cut interest rates
現在降低利息率還為時過早。分享友人