降價率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jiàngjiàlǜ]
降價率
英文
mark-down percentage-
The chiasmata can slip off the ends of the bivalents, and thus chiasma frequency may be reduced by terminalization
有時交叉可以從二價體末端處滑開，因此移端過程可以降低交叉頻率。In this thesis, in order to reducing the amount of the pt catalyst, improving the electrocatalytic activity of the pt catalysts and utilization ratio of pt, the electrochemical codeposition method by cyclic voltammetry ( cv ) was used to prepare a series pt / moox / glassy carbon ( gc ) composite electrodes with high dispersibility. the composite electrode, pt / moox / gc, was characterized to study its composition and its electro chemical behavior by cv. using the xrd and sem techniques, the size and the dispersion degree of the catalyst particles were studied in presence or absence of moox in the catalyst
為了降低主催化劑pt的用量、提高pt的活性和利用率，本論文利用循環伏安法共沉積制備高分散的pt moo _ x催化劑顆粒，利用循環伏安電化學表徵、 xrd和sem技術研究了引入moo _ x后的催化劑即pt moo _ x顆粒的粒子大小、分散狀態；利用icp - aes定量分析pt moo _ x催化劑顆粒的組成含量；並藉助于電化學方法分別評價了pt moo _ x gc電極催化劑的對甲醇的電催化活性和穩定性、氧還原電催化活性。It canbe determined the enhancing effect of new steel fiber to shear resistance of beams by the test of tensile strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete, it is important to reduce test cose and increase research efficiency
可以通過鋼纖維混凝土抗拉強度試驗來確定新品種鋼纖維對梁斜截面上混凝土受剪承載力的增強作用，這對于降低試驗成本和提高研究效率具有重要工程價值。The results of x - ray diffraction showed that there somehow existed some mutual influence between the two components in sf / pego blend membranes, which restrained silk crystallize but induced the formation of silk ii in blend films. the result of thermal analysis indicated that the thermal stability of silk fibroin in the blend membranes was improved, which was attributed to the addition of pego. the amino acids analysis showed the pego and silk fibroin combined with the covalent bond, and the dissolubility of silk fibroin in membranes was decreased
X射線衍射和紅外光譜分析結果表明pego改性絲素膜中，成膜的兩種組分間存在某種相互作用， pego抑制了絲素silk結晶，隨分子量的增加，促進了絲素silk結晶；熱分析結果表明pego的加入提高了絲素的熱穩定性；氨基酸分析表明pego與絲素發生了共價交聯，膜中絲素在熱水中的溶失率大大降低。This paper explains the effective encouraging mechanism of electrovalence at present, analyses the close relationship between the primary transformer capacity for electric power using in the enterprise and the basic electricity expenses and the electricity in peak time, the relationship between the power factor and the electricity expenses per degree. the ways and measures of reducing electric cost and decreasing electricity expenses expenditurze are proposed
通過闡述現行電價政策的有效激勵機制，分析了企業用電主變壓器容量與基本電費和峰谷分時用電及企業功率因數與電度電費的密切聯系，提出了企業降低用電成本、減少電費支出的途徑和措施。With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。On the whole, bb84 + quantum cryptographic key distribution project is far from a termless absolute secure one in the perspective of theory, because the efficiency is enhanced on the sacrifice of security decreased. what ' s more, some works are done to strengthen the cryptograph in the field of identity authentication and other sectors, and the enhancement of efficiency strongly supports the cryptograph
綜合來看， bb84 +量子密鑰分配方案並不是一個理論上無條件絕對安全的方案，他在安全性能上的降低得到的代價卻是效率的極大提高，並且此方案在身份認證和其他環節上對其有所降低的安全性能作了保密加強的工作。Not only motivate the talented person as well as reduce the rate of brain drain, but also make the enterprise avoid the overage cost on human being. make the employee of the enterprise could share in their work production reasonable, meantime not to the extent of made the enterprise less surplus to impact its long - term development these subject all need the enterprise to contain a fair remuneration system. the good remuneration system can draw on, retain the elitist, but the unmerited remuneration system would then bring crisis, moreover to impact the normal business of the enterprise
人才為企業的生產經營活動作出貢獻，企業根據其能力及業績貢獻來付給人才報酬，但是如何界定人才應得的報酬以及人才的勞動力市場價值，並實現企業人力報酬的內部公平與外部公平，既要充分調動人才的工作積極性，降低人才流動率，又要使企業不至於承擔過多的人力成本；使企業的員工能合理分享其工作的成果? ?企業的利潤，同時又不至於使企業因為分享利潤過多自身內容提要粵， ， ，巴粵巴里巴里巴里日口口口盈餘過少而影響企業的長遠發展。Firstly, the thesis explores the price difference between a and b share, and uses the rate of discount of b - share to describe the price difference, we conclude that the rate of discount of b - share declines as time passing, and there is a big drop when b - share market is open to domestic investors ; all the dual - listing companies ’ b - shares are traded at a discount, but the discounted degree of b - share is different among companies
首先，筆者運用雙重上市公司a 、 b股的歷史數據，從時間、范圍、程度三方面對b股折價率進行了統計性描述。結論認為: （ 1 ）總體上b股折價率隨著時間的推移不斷降低，尤其是在2001年出現明顯的大幅度下降。Secondly, it is analyzed that tradable shareholders will suffer a great loss resulting from non - tradable shareholders ’ selling for profit encashment when they haven ’ t paid enough consideration price in the share structure reform, based on the fact that transfer prices of non - tradable shares are much lower than that of tradable shares, and comparison between the discount ratio of transfer price of non - tradable share to tradable share and the lower ratio converted from consideration price paid in the share structure reform, by the conception of share price overflow between different transferring system in china
隨后本文援引華生關於我國股票市場流通股所存在的「流通性溢價」概念，通過非流通股轉讓價格遠低於流通股股價的事實，以及非流通股對流通股股價的折價率與股權分置改革方案給流通股股東帶來的折算的股價降低率之間的比對，說明了在股權分置改革對價水平不夠的情況下，非流通股股東為了兌現盈利而大量拋售股份和流通股股東因此蒙受虧損的狀況。If changed to the ' supplying - logistics ', which means the price is based on the ex - factory price or the ex - warehouse price but getting rid of the transportation costs, and the transportation means can be chosen by the buyers, the efficiency of the logistics will be improved a lot so as to reduce the logistic cost
改為實施「供貨物流」 ，即按出廠價格或物流中心出庫價格計價，而將運輸費用剝離出來，交由買方自行支配，選擇不同的運輸方式，將大大提高物流效率，降低物流成本。A novel distribution network optimal control approach for load balancing is presented based on the simplified model of distribution system, in which tie switches are regarded as critical elements. the two feeder lines connected with a tie switch are regarded as a feeder couple. load balancing ratios of feeder couples and total distribution network are defined and be used as indice of network reconfiguration, respectively
提出一種以聯絡開關為核心的用於負荷均衡化的配電網路優化控制方法，將每個聯絡開關對應的兩條饋線看作饋線偶，定義了饋線偶和配電網的負荷均衡率，並以此作為網路優化的評價函數，這樣配電網路重構過程就由若干饋線偶內負荷均衡化過程組成，在此基礎上發展了以負荷均衡化和降低線損為目標的配電網優化方法。1 in terms of the delivered bales of which the grade and staple for inspection are one grade inferior than the grade and staple provided by the contract, compensations at the deduction rate provided in the foregoing article 8. 1 and article 8. 2 shall be made
2如果合同規定品級、長度與到岸檢驗品級、長度相差2個級的棉包數量占該批棉包總數量的比例超過5 %的，除按上述8 . 1 、 8 . 2條款規定的差價率補償外，還應按全部降級棉包合同金額的20 %作為違約金賠償給買方。2 if more than 5 % of the landed shipment are bales two grades inferior to the contract grade in terms of quality and staple, then in addition to price deduction compensations as in articles 8. 1 and 8. 2, the buyer shall be given extra liquidated damages equivalent to 20 % of the contract value of the total defective bales
2如果合同規定品級、長度與到岸檢驗品級、長度相差2個級的棉包數量占該批棉包總數量的比例超過5 %的，除按上述8 . 1 、 8 . 2條款規定的差價率補償外，還應按全部降級棉包合同金額的20 %作為違約金賠償給買方。We have used a30 % mark - down to fix the sale price
我們用30的降價率來定銷售價。Firstly, this article summarizes consideration modes appeared in share structure reform into 3 kinds, including share adjustment, cash payment, and warrants issuance, and proves that consideration modes of share adjustment are completely equivalent to each other, and that consideration modes of share adjustment are equivalent to cash payment and cash payment is equivalent to warrants issuance when we neglect some subordinate conditions. then it is concluded that when we neglect the subordinate conditions, all kinds of consideration modes can be unified as anyone of them, and comparison between different simple or even complex consideration modes can be made. thus all kinds of considerations can be converted to a discounted ratio of stock price decline to figure consideration price of any listed companies paid in share structure reform
本文首先將股權分置改革中的對價方式歸納為股本調整類（非流通股股東向流通股股東送股、非流通股縮股、流通股擴股） 、現金對價和權證對價三大類，通過歸納兩類股東的對價水平評價指標，以及兩類股東的對價效用函數變量在一定條件下的相等，通過七個命題依次證明了股本調整類對價方式的完全等效性，以及在忽略一些次要變量的情況下股本調整與現金對價、現金對價與權證對價的等效性，由此得出在一定條件下可以將股權分置改革中的各種對價方式統一起來，以及不同類或者混合的對價方式之間可以比較對價水平的結論，並通過折算的股價降低率來表示上市公司股權分置改革的對價水平。Analysts said the change reflects mcdonald ' s move away from discounting toward an emphasis on foods with higher - quality ingredients and better profit margins, such as the new salads and the all - white - meat chicken mcnuggets
分析家們說菜單發生的變化反映出麥當勞已經從降價策略轉向強調更高質量的食品，追求更高的利潤率，新推出的色拉和新款雞脯肉麥樂雞就是很好的例子。The company has been reducing complexity of its menu, part of a broader push to improve operations and service in its more than 13, 000 u. s. restaurants. analysts said the change reflects mcdonald ' s move away from discounting toward an emphasis on foods with higher - quality ingredients and better such as the new salads and the all -
分析家們說菜單發生的變化反映出麥當勞已經從降價策略轉向強調更高質量的食品，追求更高的利潤率，新推出的色拉和新款雞脯肉麥樂雞就是很好的例子。Lower price can fill empty rooms and increase room rate however, it also lower average day rate ( adr ) and total revenue. hotel involve in dilemma of adr and room rate
降價固然可以填充閑置的客房，提高飯店的入住率，但卻降低了飯店的平均房價（ adr ） ，使飯店總收益並未增加。The composition and microstructure of the so - obtained samples are studied by xrd, tem and afm. these results show that the range of particle size of znfe2o4 is 15 - 25 nm. photocatalytic activities of nanometer are also evaluated by degradation of the curcumin solution
通過姜黃素溶液的降解實驗對納米znfe _ 2o _ 4的光催化活性進行了評價，結果顯示納米znfe _ 2o _ 4的光催化活性較好，在目光照射30min后，姜黃素溶液的降解率可達90 。分享友人