降級退化 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jiàngjítuìhuà]
降級退化 英文
degrade
  • 降 : 降動詞1. （投降） surrender; capitulate 2. （降伏） subdue; vanquish; tame
  • 級 : Ⅰ名詞1 （等級） level; rank; grade 2 （年級） any of the yearly divisions of a school course; gra...
  • 退 : 動詞1 （向後移動） retreat; draw back; move back 2 （使向後移動） cause to move back; remove; wit...
  • 降級 : 1 （降低級別） reduce to a lower rank; reduce in rank; sink in the scale; demote; degradation2 （...
  • 退化 : become vestigial; degenerate; deteriorate; retrograde; devolution; retrogradation; retrogression;...
  1. In this paper, pure and doped ktp crystals were grown from the flux using a top - seeded method, and special technique have been used to lower the electrical conductivity to three orders of magnitude than common flux ktp, the values is up to 10 - 10 ( cm ) - 1, this overcame the shortcoming that common flux ktp cannot be used in e - o application field because of having higher electrical conductivity. the growth condition, doped elements and annealing technology were investigated. single crystals of ktp with high quality and big z - cut cross section were obtained by optimizing the parameter of crystal growth

    本實驗採用頂部籽晶熔劑法生長了純的以及不同摻雜的ktp晶體，用特殊工藝處理技術將普通熔劑法ktp的電導率降低了三個數量級，達到了10 ~ （ - 10 ） （ cm ） ~ （ - 1 ） ，解決了普通熔劑法ktp晶體由於離子電導率太大而無法用於電光應用領域的困難；對ktp晶體的生長條件、摻雜元素以及退火工藝等進行了研究，通過優化生長工藝技術參數，突破了工藝技術生長難關，得到了高光學均勻性、具有大z切面的ktp單晶。
  2. And for analog applications by adding a normally - on nmosfet in series with the n - mosfet in an analog circuit respectively. according to spice3f5 and bert2. 0 simulation results, the substrate current of new structure cmos inverter is suppressed to about 50 % of its original value and good hot - carriers resistant behaviors are obtained without adding any extra delay

    0對倒相器的模擬結果表明：新型cmos數字電路結構結構使襯底電流降低約50 ，器件的熱載流子退化效應明顯改善而不會增加電路延遲；巳該電路結構中肖特叢一級管可在nmosfet漏極亙接製作肖特基金半接觸來方便地實現，工藝簡單又無須增加晶元而積。
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