集中計劃經濟 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jízhōngjìhuàjīngjì]
集中計劃經濟 英文
central planned economy
  • 集 : gatherassemblecollect
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 劃 : 劃動詞1 （撥水前進） paddle; row 2 （合算） be to one s profit; pay 3 （用尖銳的東西在別的東西上...
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 集中 : concentratecentralizefocusamassgroupmassingput togather
  • 計劃 : 1 （工作、行動以前預先擬定的內容和步驟） plan; project; programme; device; devisal; design 2 （做...
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  1. It was restaurant industry graven topic that that of that of from input / output angle said, how advance restaurant kernel ability to compete, with the purpose of advance business economic benefit, as soon as possible brought return, accelerating demonetization end, abaft experience know clearly near twenty year stodgy state look forward to reform mechanism, our state hotel industry be around by babyhood trend maturity, by seller ' s market trend buyer ' s market, such transit should make part rational consumer enjoy to good value for money, too brought ought to part superficial restaurant taste to inevitable ; the government owned restaurant at multinational restaurant bloc and civilian battalion restaurant enterprise " dual impact down, calendar by know clearly reform of monetary system cum bank commercialization, market open cum solution control, market cum competitive mechanism three phase, owing to planned economy belated issues, structure irrationality wrought a matter of and overlapping investment wrought a matter of wait threefold cause, make government owned restaurant at market competition middle gradualness forfeiture competitive edge, in progression appearance hot water, how advance government owned hotel competitive power a matter of, toward me state tourism possess strong operation significance, hunan lotus hotel namely same family pole tool on government owned three stars level hotel behalf of the for the last years, by way of hotel industry occupy quite specific gravity

    從投入產出的角度講，如何提高飯店核心競爭能力，以達到提高企業經濟效益，盡快產生回報，加速貨幣回籠的目的，是飯店業嚴肅的話題。在經歷了近二十年步履艱難的國企改革歷程后，我國飯店業已開始由幼稚走向成熟，由賣方市場走向買方市場，這種轉變將使得部分理性的消費者享受到物有所值，也使部分膚淺的飯店品嘗到必然的失敗；近十年來，作為飯店業占相當比重的國有飯店在跨國飯店集團和民營飯店企業的雙重沖擊下，歷經了金融體制改革及銀行商業化、市場開放及解控、市場及競爭機制三個階段，由於計劃經濟遺留下來的問題、結構不合理造成的問題和重復投資造成的問題等三方面的原因，使得國有飯店在市場競爭中逐漸喪失競爭優勢，相繼出現困境，如何提高國有飯店競爭力的問題，對於我國旅遊業具有強烈的現實意義，湖南芙蓉賓館就是一家極具代表性的國有三星級飯店。
  2. Before the reforms, the chinese railway industry was highly centralized, main artery and half - militarized. it is a model of our country ' s traditional planned economic system, which lacks effective competition of government monopoly

    改革開放以前，我國鐵路運營與管理體制是以高度集中、大動脈和半軍事化為特點的，是我國傳統的政府壟斷型缺乏有效競爭的計劃經濟體制的典型。
  3. Due to the abuse of the long - time practiced and highly centralized planned economy system, and each kind of contradictory intensification from the international and national society, the economy of the five countries had broken down greatly and appeared austere economic crisis

    由於長期實行的高度集中的計劃經濟體制的弊端，以及國際國內各種矛盾的激化，獨立后的中亞各國經濟也同樣面臨發展的困境，出現了嚴峻的社會經濟危機。
  4. In the planned economy period, the state - owned enterprises are governmental product units, whose profits and expenditures, purchases and sales, gains and losses are centralized by the government

    在計劃經濟體制下，我國國有企業是指由國家統收統支、統購統銷、統負盈虧的生產單位。這時，國家對國有企業不僅擁有所有權，而且集中行使經營權。
  5. But being influenced by planning economy for many years, there are still many defects in financial management. for example, financial system is still the model of concentrating money into company " s headquarters, the headquarters is profit center, and the subordinated company is cost center. the function of financial management is not divided from function of accounting

    內蒙古電力於1998年由政企不分的企業局改制為國有獨資的有限責任公司，實現了應用財務管理職能的前提，但因長期受計劃經濟的影響，財務管理體制仍沒有脫離高度集中、統收統支的模式，成本核算與利潤核算分屬于不同的主體，公司總部相當于利潤中心，所屬單位相當于成本中心；財務管理職能沒有完全從會計職能中分離出來，仍以核算為主。
  6. The first cause is called a superficial cause, that is, the abolishment of the people " s commune is due to the popularization of the contracted responsibility system with remuneration linked to output in our country. the second cause is called a substantial cause, that is, the productive forces were seriously hindered by the people " s commune system

    一是表層方面的原因，即由於聯產承包責任制在全國范圍內普遍推廣；二是深層方面的原因，即由於人民公社體制嚴重阻礙了當時生產力的發展。本文強調指出，對公有制理論的僵化認識與高度集中的計劃經濟體制是促使最終取消人民公社的根本原因。
  7. It also shows the two principal methods to measure and evaluate the extent of equity, and summarizes the gains and losses, the success and failure that china has made during the decades of planning economy and socialist market economy. after that, the thesis makes an empirical study on the status of equity and efficiency and their relationship in some other countries in the world. at last, using the experience on the issue of equity and efficiency of other countries for reference, and employing the fundamental principles of marxism " political economics and the general approaches of the western economics, the thesis analyzes and demonstrates the issue of equity and efficiency during the process of modernization in china, and proposes the view that china should realize the sound interaction of equity and efficiency basing itself upon the reality and taking a broad view of the future

    本文採取理論研究與實證分析相結合的方法，在搜集和查閱了大量國內外文獻資料的基礎上，詳細介紹了國內外關于效率與公平的概念、分類和相互關系的認識、主張和觀點，介紹了對公平度進行評價的兩種主要方法，總結了中國幾十年計劃經濟和社會主義市場經濟的得失成敗，並對世界主要國家公平與效率的狀況及其結合狀態進行了深入的實證研究，在借鑒世界各國關于效率與公平問題的實踐和經驗教訓的基礎上，運用馬克思主義政治經濟學的基本原理，借鑒西方經濟學的一般方法對中國現代化進程中效率與公平的問題進行了全面、嚴密的分析與論證，提出了社會主義初級階段正確處理公平與效率問題的思路和原則及「立足現實，著眼長遠，實現公平與效率良性互動」觀點。
  8. Farmers cannot get the good seed which has high yield, high quality, high resistance. as socialist market economy is tending toward perfection, especially 《 plant new variety protection 》, 《 seed law 》 those polities are coming on, and foreign large seed companies are joining in after china enter wto in fear of the coming of our country ’ s agriculture protection period. therefore, the general adoption of the market principle of china ’ s seed industry speed up, and the challenge between seed companies become hot

    傳統種子業是由自給自足的非商品化產業過渡到計劃經濟體制下政府壟斷性的行業，此時期，新品種及配套的新技術得不到很好的應用，行業市場集中程度很低，農民（用戶）很大程度上得不到高產、優質、高抗的良種，隨著社會主義市場經濟的不斷完善成熟，特別是《植物新品種保護條例》 、 《種子法》等政策、法規的相繼出臺實施，更為重要的是中國加入wto后對我國農業保護期限的即將到來，國外種業巨頭伺機紛紛進入，加速了中國種子產業的市場化進程，種業企業的競爭日益加劇，同時為中國種子產業的規模化、產業化經營帶來了更多的機遇。
  9. Therefore, the conclusion is : the development of the tertiary industry in northwest regions concentrated on conventional industry that developed in planning economic system, and the impressive problem is the proportion of the second and the third levels in the tertiary industry is relatively low

    結論是：西北地區第三產業的發展集中在計劃經濟體制下發展起來的傳統行業，最突出的問題是第三產業中第二層次與第三層次所佔比重偏低。
  10. A market economy with moderate control on finance would encourage financial innovation, and the interrelation between financial control degree and financial innovation creative takes a shape of concave curve. the monopolistic competition as a market construction benefits most to the financial innovation activities, but complete monopoly as another market structure would be most disadvantageous in financial innovation activities

    計劃經濟體制下金融集中管制會抑制金融創新，市場經濟金融體系下的相對管制會促進金融創新，且在此管制方式下，金融管製程度與金融創新規模之間呈凸曲線關系；壟斷競爭市場結構最有利於金融創新活動展開。
  11. It is dictated by highly centralized pla ed economic system

    這種體制是由高度集中的計劃經濟體制決定的。
  12. It is dictated by highly centralized planned economic system

    這種體制是由高度集中的計劃經濟體制決定的。
  13. Firstly, china ' s economy is now in a period of transformation - from the traditional planned economy to modern market economy, from extensive management to intensive management, and any contradiction in its transformation and development will be reflected in the financial field, this means that china ' s economical reform now enters a difficult period facing new choices

    具體的國內經濟背景分析是：中國經濟目前正處于轉型時期，即由傳統的計劃經濟向現代市場經濟過渡，經濟結構由租放式經營向集約式經營轉變；中國經濟轉型和發展中的一切矛盾都將在金融領域反映出來。中國經濟改革進入攻堅時期，面臨新的抉擇。
  14. Students have little choices when they are trained. it has brought about a passive accept model in higher education. in the model the management systems are out of date

    本文認為計劃經濟體制下，我國高等教育的教育教學管理高度集中，學生接受教育的選擇性幾乎沒有，形成了被動接受型高等教育模式。
  15. Accompany with the establishment of a planned economy of the administration instruction system that the propulsion of that plan made the progress interrupted

    伴隨著高度集中統一的行政指令型計劃經濟體制的建立，經濟計劃化的推進使中國經濟市場化的進程中斷了。
  16. The transition from the central planning economy to the market economy forms a special period of economy development, creates unique economic environment, namely transitional economy period

    從集中計劃經濟向市場經濟體制的過渡，形成了一個特殊經濟運行時期和特殊的經濟環境，這就是轉型經濟時期。
  17. From the foundation of china in 1949 to 1978, before the chinese reform and opening up, innovations and reform had been carried on for decades to improve the efficiency of the state - owned enterprise. however, such reforms are not significant in that the enterprises were deprived of autonomy under the planned economy

    從建國到改革開放前，我國雖然為了解決國有企業的效率問題，一直在進行各種改革與嘗試，但在集中計劃經濟體制之下運行的國有企業並沒有自主權，所以在宏觀上對國有企業制度本身談不上有什麼真正意義上的改革。
  18. The traditional accounting and management system, which was set up to fit the highly integrated planned - economy, has obvious flaws. it ' s totally opposite to the requirement of market economy. under the traditional accounting system, the need of macro management is placed as the priority while the need of investors, debtors and other relative beneficiaries is neglected

    我國傳統會計核算制度和管理體制是為了適應高度集中統一的計劃經濟而建立起來的，從建立市場經濟的需要來看，存在明顯的缺陷，最根本的是傳統會計核算制度主要考慮了宏觀管理的需要，忽視了投資者、債權人和其他相關決策者的需要，這與市場經濟的要求是背道而馳的。
  19. That is the state - rtm ownership, much - centered planning economy management, modem circulation network to beestablished, the unharmonized relationship between publishing houses andbookstores, the unclear ownership, the unreasonable construction between industryand profit, the feeble market supervision and the low level of management andadministrative character. the last one of this dissertation is comprised of three sections. first, it givesthe aim of our country ' s book distribution management system, that is to say byfurthering the reform of book distribution management system, we should establisha better system of book distribution

    文章第二部分從八個方面闡述和剖析了現階段我國圖書發行管理體制改革中存在的主要問題，即所有制結構的單一全民性；實行高度集中的計劃經濟管理；現代化營銷網路體系尚未建立；社店關系不順；產權不明晰；產業結構和利潤結構不合理；市場監管不力；經營管理水平和人員的素質偏低。
  20. What ' s more, with the global contemporary management theory becoming more mature and deeply, our country are also experiencing the conversion from close and extensive management manner of planned economy to open and intensive management manner of market economy. during the course of slipping the leash of traditional concept and alluring advanced management idea for reference, because of the action of inertial thinking and restriction of condition from many aspects, misconstrue will comes into being unavoidable

    隨著全球現代管理理論日趨成熟和深化，我國也正在經歷從計劃經濟的封閉型、粗放型管理，向市場經濟的開放型、集約型管理方式轉變，在擺脫傳統觀念來縛、吸引借鑒先進管理思想的過程中，由於慣性思維的作用和眾多方面條件的限制，難免形成誤區。
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