雜種型 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zázhǒngxíng]
雜種型
英文
hybridism-
Allopolyploidy a type of polyploidy involving the combination of chromosomes from two or more different species
異源多倍體：兩種或兩個以上的不相同的物種雜交，雜種經染色體加倍形成的多倍體類型。If the characteristic is governed by simple mendelian genes, the typical monohybrid and dihybrid ratios become apparent in the f2 generation
如果其特徵取決于單一孟德爾基因，那麼典型的單基因雜種和和雙基因雜種的遺傳比率將在子二代呈現。Study on heterosis and combining ability of male sterile system of hexaploid triticale with t. timopheevi cystoplasm
型細胞質雄性不育體系雜種優勢與配合力的研究Interspecific hybrids are obtained by fusing two different cell types from the one species.
種內的雜種細胞是通過同一物種兩種不同類型細胞融合而得的。There is also a general lowering of vigor in inbred stock ( inbreeding depression ), which is especially pronounced amongst normally outbreeding populations
而雜合型出現的頻率降低，因而降低了種群基因的潛在可變性。Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements
利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大Stability in early generation was first discovered in rice hybrid breeding, because it can fix genotype in early generation of hybrid, this probably made it real to cultivate a new kind of hybrid seed which could be planted for several generations
摘要早世代穩定現象首先在水稻雜交育種過程中發現，該現象可以早世代固定雜種基因型，這為培育可以多代利用的雜交種，奠定了一定的基礎。Unicolor x ' cordelia ". however, isoenzyme zymograms were mothernal type in " yellow ' x " cordelia "
黃色和克得利亞的雜種f _ 1同工酶譜表現為偏母本型。In the study, six different ecotype varieties of common wheat and f1 derived from 6 6 complete diallel crossing system were selected for the research on the characteristics and heterosis of spike differentiation. the results showed that heterosis existed in most key spike differentiation phases and varied with different ecotype varieties. heterosis of spike differentiation was positively correlated with heterosis of hybrid yield. finally, the author concluded that it was the best way to produce strong heterosis combination by selecting the mode of “ spring wheat winter wheat ” in huanghuai winter wheat region
對6個不同生態類型小麥品種及其完全雙列雜交f1幼穗分化特點和穗分化雜種優勢的研究表明，雜種幼穗分化各主要時期普遍存在雜種優勢；不同生態類型組配方式的雜種穗分化優勢不同；穗分化雜種優勢與產量雜種優勢具有一定相關關系；黃淮麥區雜交小麥最佳生態組配方式為春性品種冬性品種。Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping, the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method, which was widely applied in mixed linear model, could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects, including additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance. the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ). the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased
對新提出的qtl分析方法進行了montecarlo模擬研究，結果表明，廣泛應用於混合線性模型的廣義最小二乘法（ gls ）能夠無偏估計加性效應，顯性效應以及加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應等各項遺傳主效應；運用線性無偏預測法（ lup ）能夠無偏預測上述各項遺傳主效應與環境的互作效應；基於qtl效應的雜種優勢預測也是無偏的。In both of the two doped models, the calculation results show that their conductivity is higher than that of the non - doped model, while the seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity are lower than the non - doped on e
兩種摻雜模型的電導率都高於未摻雜的ca _ 3co _ 2o _ 6 ，而seebeck系數和熱導率都降低。Increasing production potentiality analysis of cross - vairiety maize
玉米異質雜合型種植增產潛力分析By using the way of gray correlation degree, this study analyzed the gray correlation coefficient, correlation degree and correlation order among seven main characters in 20 groups of parents and hybrids of two - row hulled malting barley
摘要研究採用灰色關聯分析方法，對20組二棱型啤酒大麥雜種一代及其親本的7個主要性狀之間的關聯系數、關聯度和關聯序進行了分析。It has been proved that morphological improvement combined with utilization of heterosis is one of the most important ways to raise rice yield ceiling genetically
摘要理想株型與雜種優勢利用相結合是實現水稻單產突破的重要途徑之一。Besides, to discuss the methods and pathways for building the hybridize parents of excellent quality by yunnan scent soft rice germplasms and for selection breeding the hybrid rice of high quality, to discuss the scent gene genetic expression of yunnan rice germplasms and the problem of breeding application
此外，討論利用雲南香型軟米稻種資源創建品質優異雜交稻親本和選育優質雜種稻的方法和途徑，以及雲南稻種資源香味基因遺傳表現及其在育種中應用問題。Carbon fiber t300 was chosen as a co - hybrid fiber, and two different kinds uhmwpe fiber / t300 hybrid composites are prepared in both inner - laminar and inter - laminar styles. the inter - laminar hybrid composites exhibited better adhesion than the inner - laminar ones. for the optimized system dc88 / t300 / ve, the ilss reached 42. 5mpa
在混雜實驗部分，研究了纖維狀況（纖維種類、處理與未處理） 、混雜方式、含膠量等對混雜結果的影響；藉助于sem以及建立的混雜模型對混雜機理進行了分析；對混雜復合材料進行了密度和耐濕熱性測試。3. apply industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical and rule to simplify activated sludge process model in wastewater treatment and deduce to a reduced model adapted to control. the simulation result show that this method can combine mechanism model of activated sludge process and expert knowledge and operational experience and can get better effect of optimization and control. moreover, the computational time is short and suitable for real - time control in wastewater treatment by applying mixed integer nonlinear programming mixed with logical rules
應用結合邏輯規則的工業過程混雜模型的方法，對城市污水處理中活性污泥法過程模型進行簡化，得出適用於控制目的的簡化模型，模擬結果證明：這種方法可充分利用對活性污泥法過程機理模型，又可利用專家及操作過程的經驗，從而更利於對活性污泥法過程的優化和控制，而且採用結合約束邏輯的混合整數非線性規劃演算法，計算時間較短，可適用於污水處理過程實時控制中。Under varied loads such as cyclic and / or transient loading, soil structures or foundation will induce permanent and / or fluctuating plastic deformations. such plastic deformations are cumulative and / or alternating in nature with increase of time of loading during a sequence of cyclic loading. if the resulting accumulated deformations is limited within a given bound or the alternating deformations will be adapted to a given plastic state after a certain cycle numbers or a certain period of loading, the soils will be in shakedown state
在復雜變值荷載作用下，結構有可能出現兩種狀態：一種是在若干次載荷循環之後，塑性變形趨于穩定，在此後繼的載荷循環中結構表現為純彈性響應，這種狀態稱為安定狀態（ shakedown ） ；另一種則是塑性流動一直持續地發展或不斷反復，直至結構破壞，結構的破壞有兩種型式：一種是由塑性應變的累積引起的增量塑性破壞；一種是塑性變形多次反復引起的疲勞破壞，也稱為交變塑性破壞。Using a complex model encompassing menstrual - cycle variables, smoking status, hormone levels, and ethnicity, these researchers estimated length of time to fmp, but they did not apply their model prospectively
應用囊括月經周期變量、吸煙與否、激素水平和種族的復雜模型，研究人員估計了到達fmp的時間長短，但這並不適用於前瞻性模型。2. this paper advanced mixed integer nonlinear programming ( minlp ) algorithms mixed with constraint programming ( cp ) to solve industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical rule. cp methods have proved to be successful in solving highly constrained discrete optimization and feasibility problems. it can effectively solve hybrid model mixed with logical rule by integrating cp, nonlinear programming and mixed integer linear programming
本文針對結合邏輯的工業過程混雜模型，提出了結合約束程序（ cp ）的混合整數非線性規劃（ mfnlp ）演算法，採用cp方法求解模型的可行點，並採用milp cp方法求解演算法中的milp主問題，通過計算實例可看出，採用這種演算法比採用通用的轉化成minlp方法的計算時間大為減少。分享友人