需求緊縮 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xūqiújǐnsuō]
需求緊縮 英文
demand retrenchment
  • 需 : Ⅰ動詞（需要） need; want; require Ⅱ名詞1. （需用的東西） necessaries; needs 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 求 : Ⅰ動詞1 （請求; 要求） ask; beg; request; entreat; beseech : 求人幫忙 ask sb a favour; ask a favou...
  • 緊 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （物體受到幾方面的拉力或壓力以後呈現的緊張狀態） taut; tight 2 （物體受外力作用變得固定...
  • 縮 : 縮構詞成分。
  • 需求 : needs; need; demand; requirement
  • 緊縮 : reduce; retrench; tighten; cut down; striction; retrenchment; condensation
  1. On the basis of classifmg deflation into moderate deflation and harmful deflation, this paper summarized the achievements of the deflationary research, and made a thorough inquiry into the harm, cause and treatment of deflation. the paper analyzed the fallacy of composition, and pointed out that the fallacy of composition owns two characteristics of self - intensifing and mutual - promoting, which make deflation continue and aggravate. the asymmetry between individual and total is another basic characteristic owned by the fallacy of composition, which changes the economic fluctuation if the fallacy of composition develops continually

    本文對「合成謬誤」這一經濟現象進行了初步分析，指出合成謬誤具有自我強化和相互促進的特點，在經濟遭受負向外部沖擊的情況下，這使總有效需求累積性收縮，通貨緊縮因此得以自我維持，並被不斷加深；合成謬誤發展的結果是引起短期內經濟波動發生轉換，而這正是由於合成謬誤所具有的個量與總量之間存在著非對稱性這一根本特徵所決定的。
  2. Having different civil conditions, different nations have different causes forming deflation. but the common causes, generally speaking. are concerned about policy factor, inadequate effective demand, overproduction and the effects of external factors

    由於具體國情條件的不同，各國發生通貨緊縮的原因也各不相同，但其共性的原因一般都與政策因素、有效需求不足、生產能力過剩以及外來因素的沖擊相關。
  3. Combined with a maturity mismatch on the bank ’ s balance sheet, this give rise to a bank capital channel by which monetary policy affects bank lending through its impact on bank capital. in the third part, bank level empirical data in china are investigated

    銀行信貸渠道分為資產負債表渠道和銀行貸款渠道，其中緊縮貨幣政策下，銀行貸款渠道的傳導路徑是緊縮性貨幣政策（改變銀行準備金）銀行貸款利率投資需求產出gdp ，反之則相反。
  4. Tighter credit conditions are sapping already feeble demand

    緊縮的信貸讓本就無力的需求更加乏力。
  5. In addition to protocol translations, the gateway also compresses the wml wireless markup language pages into a more compact form, which saves bandwidth on the air and further reduces the phone s processing requirements

    除了協議的轉換，網關還將wml （無線標記語言， wireless markup language ）頁壓縮為更緊湊的格式，這樣就節省了空中的帶寬，並進一步地減少了電話處理的需求。
  6. After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks

    如在改革開放初期，在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束的情況下，各類企業的最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張的「負債的有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報； 1989年以後，需求增速開始放緩，面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致的中小企業資金緊張的局面， 「錢袋鼓鼓」的優勢企業（尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金的上市公司）紛紛採用掠奪性定價策略，試圖通過把中小企業擠出市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益； 1998年以後，產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環的狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩，且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業無法退出，因此這些行業中出現了過度競爭的現象，企業總體收益的不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率的持續上升，又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」的惡性循環。
  7. In addition the causes of deflation is analyzed. the superficial reason for the deflation is the insufficient effective demand ; the deep - seated reason for deflation is the economic system, economic policies and economic structure and etc. the sustainable deflation is not only caused by the self - enforcing system of deflation, but also by economic policies and economic structure

    首先介紹了我國通貨緊縮的具體表現，其次分析了通貨緊縮產生原因，通貨緊縮產生的表層原因是有效需求不足，需求下降的深層原因是經濟體制、經濟政策和經濟結構等方面所造成的，外部因素也是通貨緊縮的重要誘因。
  8. Since our reform and opening - up policy was implemented, companied with the development of economy and society, urbanization of our country has obtained substantial progress. enhancing the urbanization has been the call of economic development and social progress, the inevitable choice to adjust the economic structure and optimize the regional structure of production factor, the strategically act to start - up internal needs, to bring along economic increase and change the deflation situation. but we must aware of the situation that, compared with the requirement of modernization, advanced level in abroad or the practical needs of people, the level of our country ' s urbanization is very slow. many conflicts are acute. the main problems such as : the progress of urbanization is obviously lag than industrialization, the core competencies of the city is not strong enough, the cohesion of the city is not big enough to radiate the near area, the intention to manage the city is not strong etc. all these problems deserved to be studied deeply

    加強城市化進程，已成為中國經濟發展與社會進步的強烈呼喚，成為調整經濟結構和優化生產要素地域結構的必然選擇，成為啟動內需，拉動經濟增長，改變通貨緊縮局面的戰略舉措。但我們必須清醒地看到，我國城市發展與現代化建設要求相比，與國外先進水平相比，與人民群眾的實際需求相比，還存在不少差距，有些矛盾還比較突出。主要表現在：城市化水平還比較低，明顯滯後於工業化進程；城市的核心競爭力不夠強，內聚力和輻射力不夠大；城市經營觀念不強，辦法不多等等。
  9. The main methods : to carry out the active and applicable financial and monetary policies continuously ; to adjust the industrial structure ; to employ domestic investment ; to quicken the towns " construction ; to perfect the social security system ; to put in use the countryside market and to make use of consumptive loan ; and industrialize the education

    第四部分對策和建議。治理通貨緊縮的根本途徑是不斷深入進行經濟體制改革，努力擴大有效需求。主要採取：繼續推行積極而適度的財政和貨幣政策；產業結構調整：啟動民間投資；加快小城鎮建設；完善社會保障體系；啟動農村市場；推行消費信貸；教育產業化的措施。
  10. Although currently in telecom digitalization, software development supplier has been doing quite well in requirement analysis, requirement elicitation and management are not well performed, which may even be ignored to save time when development progress is urgent. as a result, development teams sometimes could not fully understand the requirement. therefore, the products could not be on time delivered and the end users are always dissatisfied with the product, which may cause the failure or at least unwilling acceptance of the delivered product

    雖然當前軟體開發商在該領域軟體系統建設中需求分析方面做法相對成熟，但是在需求獲取和需求管理兩個階段做得還很不規范，往往在項目進度緊迫的情況下忽略了這兩個部分，縮短整個需求過程的時間，最後導致項目失敗或者用戶將就著用。
  11. Deflation may have shorttermbenefits, particularly if it is the result ofgreater efficiencies in the economy, but if itlasts too long, or if it is the result of weakeningdemand, it can be a negative, self - perpetuatinginfluence on economic activity, discouragingconsumption, reducing revenue and wagelevels, pushing up bad debts and increasingthe rate of bankruptcy

    通貨緊縮也有可能會產生短期效益，尤其如果它是因為經濟效率提高而出現的，但是如果通貨緊縮時間延續過長，或者它是因為需求疲軟而出現的，就會對經濟活動產生長期的負面效應，抑制消費、使收益減少、工資水平降低，使環賬增多、破產速率加快。
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