震中測定 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhènzhōngcèdìng]
震中測定 英文
epicenter determination
  • 震 : Ⅰ動詞1 （震動） quake; shake; shock; vibrate 2 （情緒過分激動） be greatly excited; be deeply ast...
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 測定 : determine; determination; setting-out; admeasurement; assignment; assay; finding
  1. Scientists locate earthquakes by measuring the time it takes body waves to arrive at seismographs in a minimum of three locations

    科學家通過測定體波到達地震儀所需要的時間，以3個距離中最小的一個來確定地震的位置。
  2. The research result shows that this physical model is useful to determine the locked area along plate boundary faults and further to make the long term and middle term earthquake prediction

    研究結果表明，運用該模型方法可利用大地測量數據確定沿板塊邊界斷層帶的相對閉鎖區，從而進行中長期地震預報。
  3. Multinomial factors should be considered in the stability analysis and hazard prediction of seismic loess slopes

    在地震黃土斜坡穩定性分析和災害預測中，必須考慮多項影響因子。
  4. Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account

    依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。
  5. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  6. Base on the definition of active fault and its meaning to engineers, this paper reviews some geological aspects and problems, such as the application of dating results in determination of active faulting ages, seismo - tectonics background studying on moderate - strong earthquakes, estimating earthquake recurrence from geological investigation, and probabilistic evaluation of the ground offset of active fault

    摘要本文在對活動斷層的工程涵義進行了簡要分析后，討論了斷層物質測年的工程應用進展及其斷層活動時代鑒定問題，並就如何加強中強地震發震構造判別、應用地震地質資料評估大地震年平均發生率、以及活動斷層地表斷錯位移的概率評價等問題作了初步探討。
  7. The quake with a preliminary magnitude of 6. 9 hit at 6 39 a. m. and was centered off the east coast of japan ' s main island of honshu according to the u. s. geological survey and japan ' s meteorological agency

    根據美國地質勘測局和日本氣象廳的報道，地震初步測定為6 . 9級，發生在當地時間清晨6點39分，震中位於日本本州島東海岸以外。
  8. The cores, measurements of physical properties, well - logging and vsp data obtained from the chinese continental scientific drilling ( ccsd ) hole can be used to calibrate seismic reflectors and raise the reliability of seismic interpretation

    摘要利用大陸科學鉆探巖心、巖心物性測定結果、測井與vsp資料來標定地震反射體，大大提高了中國大陸科學鉆探孔區地質構造解釋的可信度。
  9. The integrated identification of fractures with the bpo interpretation of logs and the 3d seismic fracture interpretation technology were used to predict the development and distribution rules of fractures in ve rtical and plane directions of mesozoic reservoirs of baigezhuang region. the plane distribution of the stress fields of different major oil reservoirs determined with finite element numerical simulation provides a theoretical foundation for the research of the plane distribution of the fracture. thus, the quantitative prediction of the tectonic fractures is possible

    本文應用測井參數的bp神經網路裂縫綜合識別方法、三維地震裂縫檢測技術，預測了柏各莊地區中生界儲層平面或縱向上裂縫的發育分佈及規律；並用有限元法數值模擬技術展示出不同主力油層的平面古應力狀態，為研究裂縫的平面分佈規律提供了理論依據；在此基礎上，依據巖石破裂準則進行了構造裂縫定量預測。
  10. Also, in our software, we have made the practical seismic data processing by the prediction of fractured amizuth and the fractured density, then evaluated the exactitude of the predictions by the evaluation of the assessment parauceter, and at last confirm one optimum detection methods of fractured amizuth, the wavelet difference scale filter method, and two the optimmer fractured density detection method, the wavelet amplititude singular exponential method and the wavelet power spectrum singular exponeatial method

    並用自編軟體，將三種裂縫方位預測和三種裂縫密度預測用於實際地震資料處理，並用評價參數檢驗評估其正確性，最終在現有的方法中確定了最優裂縫方位檢測方法?小波變尺度濾波法和最優裂縫密度檢測法?小波振幅奇異性指數法和小波功率譜奇異性指數法。
  11. ( 2 ) in the thesis, some other important factors on the stability of subway foundation during earthquake are studied, for example, the intension of earthquake, the unit weight of the subway tunnel, the depth of the subway tunnel, the content of clay in sandy soil, and inputing different earthquake waves

    （ 2 ）研究了對地鐵隧道地基的抗震穩定性有著重要影響的一些其它因素，例如，地震動強度、地鐵隧道的平均容重、地鐵隧道的埋深、砂性土中粘性土的含量以及不同的實測地震波等。
  12. Based on comparison of several technical schemes, the method of sand bedding pre - elevating and step water - filling pre - compressing is adopted. so the dissertation is consist of two parts : ( 1 ) the applicability study for the method of sand bedding pre - elevating and step water - filling pre - compressing, including numerical analyses for the thickness of sand bedding, the consolidation, settlement and stability of foundation, drainage, possibility of foundation liquefaction under seismic loading, et al. ( 2 ) monitoring at construction stage and checking the effect of foundation treatment, including the measurements of the settlement velocity and non - uniform settlement of ring beam under the tank, pore pressures and horizontal displacements in foundation, the pressure distribution at the bottom of oil tank and the strength increase of soils

    通過多種技術方案比較，最終選擇了技術先進的砂墊層預抬高分級充水預壓法，論文工作主要由以下兩部分組成： （ 1 ）砂墊層預抬高分級充水預壓法的適用性研究，其中包括砂墊層厚度、地基沉降與固結度、地基穩定性、降水、地震作用下砂土液化的可能性等方面的計算分析； （ 2 ）施工監測與地基處理效果檢驗，其中包括油罐環梁基礎沉降速率與不均勻沉降程度、各分級充水加載階段地基超靜孔壓與深層水平位移、油罐底板壓力分佈及地基土強度增長等方面的實測與數據分析。
  13. “ on the other hand, all of the contributors to this debate who expressed an opinion agree that the deterministic prediction of an individual earthquake, within sufficiently narrow limits to allow a planned evacuation programme, is an unrealistic goal

    「另一方面，向這場辯論提交論文表示了看法的所有研究者，都同意對一次地震做出『確定性預測』 ，其有效限度窄到允許實施計劃中的撤離計劃，是一種不現實的目標。 」
  14. According to the analyses of the research results about the feasibility of 4 - d seismic and the successful 4 - d seismic cases of foreign companies, the author put forward the suggestions for 4 - d seismic pilot area selection ; briefly analyzed the influential function of producing way on the seismic response ; utilized theory calculation, coring data analyses, and reservoir numerical simulation to define the fluid substitution effects on the p - wave velocity. through long time water driven to the reservoir, some of the properties and the log curves have changed, the author tried to find the variation rule of the reservoir and its effects on seismic velocity. the " blind point " in 4 - d seismic feasibility study both in china and overseas was found, that is the lack of consideration of the influence of physical property variation by long time water driven on the seismic response

    在深入分析國外四維地震可行性研究成果和成功實例的基礎上，提出了有利於水驅四維地震成功的工區優選條件；簡要剖析了各種開采方式及其對地震特性的影響；利用理論計算、巖心分析、油藏數值模擬三種方法確定了流體替代對縱波速度的影響；通過對長期水驅造成的物性參數、測井曲線以及油藏溫度和壓力變化規律的總結，分析了這些變化對地震速度的影響，指出了目前國內外水驅四維地震可行性研究中存在的盲區?沒有充分考慮長期注水造成的物性、溫度和壓力變化對地震響應的影響，完善了水驅四維地震可行性研究的內容；在考慮了這些變化因素后，高29斷塊水驅四維地震可行性研究結果表明：四維地震監測注水前沿可能要比監測油藏變化容易的多；以四維地震巖石物理可行性研究結果為基礎，提出了五個有助於突出四維地震造成的微小差異的途徑，為今後水驅四維地震研究指明了方向。
  15. , i would answer in the affirmative, and add that significant progress in this field is required before questions about earthquake predictability can be answered realistically

    』我的答復是肯定的，並補充說，在可以對地震預測的問題做出實際的答復前必須首先在該領域中取得重大的發展。 」
  16. In this paper ， based on the method of spectral analysis and the theory of fracture mechanics, by using the broad - band digital data recorded by xi an telemetry seismic network, the stress drop and regional shear stress of moderate and small earthquakes in shanxi province are determined firstly

    利用西安數字地震遙測臺網記錄的寬頻帶數字地震資料，應用斷裂力學理論與譜分析方法，首次測定了陜西地區中小地震的應力降和區域剪切應力值。
  17. To determine if the dam base been liquefied through contrasting the shear stress which caused sand and gravel layer liquefied measured from indoor dynamic triaxial teat with calculated shear stress caused by earthquake in different depth of sand and gravel layer. and according to result of comparison to direct the design scheme of dam base

    根據室內系統的動三軸試驗測定的砂礫石層液化所需的剪應力與計算的砂礫石層中不同深度處由地震引起的剪應力相對比，從而最終判定壩基是否液化，並根據該結論指導了壩基設計處理方案。
  18. The additive function and affection was studied on to mullite / zirconia / alumina composite ceramics in the paper. v2o5 and alf3 were confirmed to accelerate the forming of mullite whisker, ensure to enhance the toughness of samples, better heat thermal - shock resistance. the strength, micro - hardness, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal - shock resistancehave been tested

    對外加不同添加劑系列樣品，進行強度測試、顯微硬度測試、熱膨脹系數測定及抗熱震性測試，從中找出了綜合性能較好的樣品配方，其抗折強度高達172 . 80mpa 、顯微硬度601 . 5 、熱膨脹系數為6 . 56 10 ~ （ - 6 ） ~ （ - 1 ） 、抗熱震性好。
  19. 05. 02 wear preventive properties of lubrication greases using the ring and block test machine in oscillating motion, test for

    在震蕩運動中用潤滑劑耐熱耐壓試驗機測定潤滑脂的耐磨損特性的試驗
  20. How to reduce the influences of the location error of seismic station network and some other factors on the deviation of macroseismic and seismic epicentre, in this rapid service system of earthquake loss estimation, is the important condition of increasing the rationality of loss estimation results

    在震害預測快速服務平臺中，如何減少由於地震臺網定位誤差以及其它一些因素所造成實際的宏觀震中與定位震中偏離的影響，是提高震害快速估計結果合理性的重要條件。
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