面積微元 的英文怎麼說

The ultrastructure of the hepatocyte in bufo bufo gargarizans cantor between pro - hibernation and initial post - hi be rnation was studied in this paper. the results show that : 1. the hepatocytes in pro - hibernation period have very plenty of glycogen granules, but nearly not glycog en granules in post - hibernation period ; 2. the hepatocytes in pro - hibernation peri od have very developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, but a few scattered dilatant rough endoplasmic reticula in post - hibernation period ; 3. the quantity of mitocho ndria, and the structure of nuclei and bile canaliculi in pro - hibernation period have not obvious difference from that in post - hibernation period ; 4. two types o f hepatocytes in pro - hibernation were found. the significance of the results men tioned above is also discussed

冬眠前和出眠初期的中華大蟾蜍肝細胞的超微結構有如下特點： （ 1 ）冬眠前肝細胞堆積有大量糖元顆粒，而出眠初期幾乎無糖元顆粒； （ 2 ）冬眠前肝細胞的粗面內質網非常發達，而出眠初期的粗面內質網不發達，常呈零散膨大； （ 3 ）線粒體的數量，細胞核和膽小管的形態結構在這兩個時期無明顯差異； （ 4 ）冬眠前肝細胞可分為兩種不同的類型.對上述結果的生理意義作了討論

Shandong tengzhou huacheng metal co., ltd. enjoyed free mport anf export right awaeded by the state evonomic and trade co mmissiom, with 20years histoy of specolozed in metalwork. our favtory lovated in beauty spot of honghe everglade near weoshan lake in the south - eest of shandong rovince. we regisstered fund is 22 800 000rmb, and thr acreagr id 30000 squares, anthe workshop is 12000 squares, with 358 workerd ( not include the 16 filiale ) but 21 of them are advanced engineers, advances technology, completely testing equipment, good quantity of produces, and advance technology about surface producing, under the spirit of together effort with our clients, our company would make a new view on the surface making in many fields, such as : airplane, vessel, armory, car, container and so on

山東省滕州市華成金屬製品有限公司是一家具有中華人民共和國自營進出口資格的企業，已有20多年專業生產金屬磨料的歷史，公司位於中國魯西南地區的微山湖紅荷濕地風景區，公司注冊資本2280萬元人民幣，工廠面積30000平方米，車間面積12000平方米，員工358名（不包括下屬16個分廠）其中高級工程技術人員21名，技術力量雄厚，質量檢測手段完善，產品質量穩定，具有先進的表面處理技術.公司本著與客戶共同努力的觀點，在材料和技術應用上不斷創新，不斷提高，把飛機，造船，兵工，車輛，集裝箱等行業的表面處理，強化，推向一個嶄新的局面

Consisting of the protracting graph of hydrogen - like atom ' s angle distributing, computer simulation of the symmetry of molecular orbital and chemical reaction mechanism, showing the molecular point group and symmetry element, computer simulation of molecular vibration, bravias ' s crystal lattice and their transforming, extracting of plane periodic lattice, extracting of solid periodic lattice, close packing of isometrical pellet and the structure of simple mental substance, close packing of unequal pellet and crystal structure of representative ionic crystal, computer simulation of phase analysis by x - ray diffraction

內容包括類氫原子角度分布圖的繪制，分子軌道對稱性和反應機理的微機模擬，分子點群和對稱元素顯示，分子振動運動的微機模擬，布拉維晶格和晶格轉化，平面點陣抽取，立體點陣抽取，等徑網球的密堆積和金屬單質結構，不等徑圓球密堆積和典型離子晶體結構， x射線多晶衍射的微機模擬十個子模塊。

Microelement method in calculating the volume and side area of a solid

立體體積和側面積計算中的微元法

The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements, ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field, the chemical component, surface configuration, microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably. such kind of change can be described as the followings. firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases, but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced, and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce, la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y. on the other side, when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500, their properties will change

結果顯示化學沉積co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工藝在稀土元素（ ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ） 、能量（超聲波、磁場）介入后，沉積過程、合金成分、鍍層形貌結構和性能都有顯著變化，表現在：鍍液的陰極極化過電位和極化度降低，沉積速度提高；鍍層的結合力、表面質量改善；鍍層中過渡族元素的含量增加，輕元素硼的含量降低，同時證實了稀土元素與過渡族元素共沉積的可能性；鍍層的顯微結構由非晶態向微晶和多晶態轉變；鍍層的顯微硬度與耐磨性提高，力學性能優化；鍍層的矯頑力降低；磁導率提高；鍍層的磁化強度在能量（超聲波、磁場）和輕稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高，重稀土元素y介入后降低。

Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。

After various indexes including constant elements, trace elements and organic gases in core sediment of site 1146 were analyzed, the changes of their vertical section curves of content with depth were studied and the potential reasons were also discussed in the paper

通過對1146站位巖心沉積物各常量元素、微量元素及各有機氣體的測試分析。研究了各元素及氣體含量的縱剖面曲線隨深度的變化，討論了其可能的原因。

The sequence of two patterns presence is changed alternately, that is, one pattern will appear at the second pulse of total pattern in this half cycle if it appears at first pulse in last half cycle. the stability of square pattern was studied by considering the interaction among the wall charges. the discharge moments of individual filament alternate from long one to short in the square pattern, which can been explained by using the breakdown and quench model through considering the wall discharge accumulated on the dielectric layers

實驗研究了正方網格斑圖與混合氣體的比例及外加電壓的關系，給出了班圖類型隨上述條件變化的相圖；實驗採用光學方法對正方網格斑圖進行了時空動力學測量，發現正方網格斑圖是由兩套正方網格斑圖相互嵌套而成，其中一套的微放電絲位於另一套正方形單元的中心，這兩套微放電絲交替進行放電；考慮到壁電荷之間的相互作用，研究了正方網格斑圖的穩定性；實驗發現正方網格斑圖的微放電絲放電時間間隔是長短交替變化的，考慮到電介質表面積累的壁電荷的作用，使用擊穿?熄滅方程很好的解釋了該現象。

With the accumulation of funds, we set up a new huajiang produce base of an area of 13 mu, and of the investment of 3, 500, 000 rmbyuan in xiongzhou western expressway industrial development zone of xiongxian county. factory building areas 1, 800 square meter, a 9 color high - speed intaglio press ( with the surpervision on static screen ) and a package - making machine both automatic controlled by electronic computer, a caloric partitions and a compound film machine, thus, a total process line came into being

隨著資金不斷積累，我廠又在雄縣雄州路高速引線西側工業開發區投資350萬元建立了佔地13畝的新的華江生產基地，建築面積3800平方米，微機控制全自動九色凹印機（靜止畫面檢測） ，微機控制全自動制袋機，熱分切機、復合機、高低壓吹膜機等國內最先進的生產設備。

As the applications of mixed monotone operators theory, some classes of equations are considered. some initial value problems and boundary value problems for mixed monotone nonlinear impulsive integro - differential equations and nonlinear elliptic equations are discussed. some known results are generalized under weak conditions. and initial value problems and periodic boundary value problems for mixed monotone nonlinear impulsive evolution equations are discussed by mixed monotone operators theory with considering the main properties of operator semigroup. the sufficient and necessary conditions for existence and uniqueness of their solution and coupled solution are obtained

作為混合單調運算元理論的應用，本章討論了非線性混合單調脈沖積微分方程和混合單調非線性橢圓方程方面的一些問題，不同程度地削弱了原有的條件，推廣了已知的結果；還利用錐理論並結合運算元半群的性質及其主要特徵討論了非線性脈沖發展方程初值問題、周期邊值問題，給出了混合單調非線性脈沖發展方程的耦合周期解以及存在唯一解的充要條件。

This dissertation is supported by the following projects : national foundation for science research on the theory of sub - deep micro and super high speed multimedia chip design " ( no. 6987601 0 ) national foundation for high technology research & development " interface of vlsi ip core and related design technology " ( 863 - soc - y - 3 - 1 ) a - national r & d programs for key technologies for the 9th five - year plan research on high level language description and embedded technology for mcu " ( 97 - 758 - 01 - 53 - 08 ) national foundation for the ministry of education, prc " research on the optimal theory and methodology of soc software / hardware integration co - design and co - verification " ( moe [ 2001 ] 215 ) national foundation for science and technology publication " design of interface circuit for computer with verilog " [ ( 99 ) - f - l - 011 ] a deep research on system level design methodology of 1c and the design technology of mcu - ip and interface ip are made in this dissertation. the main work and achievements are as follows : 1 building block principle and the building block component maximum principle are brought forward based on the research of developing history of ic design

本文基於以下科研項目撰寫：國家自然科學基金「深亞微米超高速多媒體晶元設計理論的研究」 （ 69876010 ）國家863計劃「超大規模集成電路ip核介面及相關設計技術」 （ 863 - soc - y - 3 - 1 ）國家「九五」重點科技攻關「 mcu高層語言描述及其嵌入技術研究」 （ 97 - 758 - 01 - 53 - 08 ）國家教育部「 soc軟硬體集成協同設計和驗證優化理論和方法研究」 （教技司[ 2001 ] 215 ）國家科技學術著作出版基金「 verilog與pc機介面電路設計」 （ 99 - f - 1 - 011 ）論文的主要工作和取得的成果如下： 1 、在研究集成電路設計方法學發展歷史的基礎上，提出了設計的積木化原則和積木元件最大化原則。

It has broad application prospect in the following fields such as microelectronics, photoelectronic devices, large screen flat panel display, field emitter array, acoustic surface wave device, photon crystal, light waveguide array, holographic honeycomb lens and micro - optical element array, micro - structure manufacture, fabrication of large area grating and grid of high resolution, photoresist performance testing, profile measurement and metrology, etc. the paper only involves the primary research of interferometric lithography

在微電子、光電子器件、大屏幕平板顯示器、場發射器陣列、表面聲波器件、光子晶體、光波導陣列、全息透鏡和微光學元件陣列、微結構製造，高分辨、大面積光柵和網格製造，在抗蝕劑性能測試、面形測量和計量等領域，干涉光刻技術都具有廣闊的應用前景。

Method the large defects of articular cartilage were repaired with grafts of freeze - stored and fresh chondrocytes cultured on fascia, periosteum and articular cartilage, which were evaluated by a number of observation methods

方法用凍存和新鮮的異體筋膜上培養的軟骨細胞、骨膜和關節軟骨移植修復大面積關節軟骨缺損，通過大體標本、光學顯微鏡、掃描和透射電鏡、放射自顯影、微量元素和柱層析氨基酸定量測定、一氧化氮含量測定等多種觀察方法進行評價。

Including soil laboratory, plant physiology laboratory, microbiological laboratory, respiration chamber, nutritive analyze laboratory, greenhouse, metabolic cages. rooms with balances, drying ovens and combustion oven are also available. a well equipped automatic climate station was established in 1997

實驗室的總面積為784平方米，包括土壤實驗室植物生理學實驗室微生物學實驗室呼吸室營養分析實驗室溫室和代謝籠等，實驗室中配有價值萬元以上的科研儀器多臺件，十萬元以上的科研儀器11臺件有25套客房，總面積為370平方米。

Then the theoretical computing methods are presented, in which we emphasize particularly on the plane wave method ( pwm ) and the finite element method ( fem ). with the two methods mentioned above, important parameters such as bandgap, dispersion, leaky loss and so on are calculated, as well as the birefringence of two kinds of mf, which are in two different mechanisms. a new type of optical coupler based on dual - core bandgap microstructure fiber is presented

主要研究內容如下: 1 、利用平面波展開方法和有限單元方法研究了微結構光纖的傳導特性，對三角形、蜂窩形柵格空氣孔包層結構的光子能帶進行了研究，在此基礎上闡述了光子晶體光纖的傳導機制，對折射率引導和光子帶隙引導微結構光纖的波導色散、泄漏損耗和有效模場面積進行了研究。

The cross well seismic technology have been applied to ignite and receive inside the well, therefore, it overcame the effects of low weathering layers and increased the resolution by the scale of 10 - 100 times. this technique is capable of delineate the minimum sedimentary unit of the oil - bearing body and resolve the issues like : reservoir interconnection, dynamic monitoring and micro - structural description etc. in addition, it also provides the fine geological model for reservoir modeling and scientific evidence for the oilfield development plan designing

井間地震技術由於是在井中激發、井中接收，從而克服了地表低速帶的影響，具有比地面地震高10 - 100倍的解析度，能夠達到分辨最小沉積單元油砂體的能力，因此該技術能夠解決儲層連通、動態監測、微構造描述等問題，並為油藏建模提供精細的地質模型，從而為開發方案的編制提供科學的依據。

The chip area and power savings of not implementing floating - point in hardware can be critical in embedded microprocessors

在嵌入式微處理器中，硬體中省去浮點（支持）而為實現帶來的晶元面積和功率的減少是至關重要的。

Based on the experiments, the simulation of the heat exchanger and scroll compressor was accomplished which also offered a favorable condition to the establishment of the whole gwshp methods were used to improve the veracity and astringency of the model, such as : dividing the condenser into several tiny segment with equal area ; separating the condensing process into single - phase region and double - phase region ; the comparing result showed that most of the error between the data of simulation and experiment was within 5 % while the maximal error was 8. 35 %

在建模過程中，從大量蒸發和冷凝的換熱關聯式中，通過與實驗數據的比較找出了與實驗結果最為接近的換熱關聯式在建模過程中，針對冷凝器及板式換熱器的特點，採取將冷凝器按面積分成若干個微元段，並將冷凝過程分成單相區和兩相區的方法。同時對渦旋壓縮機進行建模和分析同時在熱力學平衡基礎上與實驗數據比較，經過驗證，對于換熱器模型，模擬計算與實驗結果的誤差一般都在5以內，最大為12 。

Second, the model for evaporator is founded based on traditional theory, including refrigerant side and air side, and the method for choosing element ; the calculation for the load of refrigeratory ; the thickness choice for heat insulation material ; the work area of evaporator is conformed ; and the matching for the other elements

2 ）根據傳統理論建立了蒸發器的數學模型，包括冷劑側和空氣側的數學模型、微元的選取；冷庫冷負荷的計算和確定；隔熱材料合理厚度的選擇；蒸發器工作面積的確定；以及其他製冷元件的匹配理論。

To decrease the area of the chip, resource sharing, which is a synthesized optimized method of eda tools, was used in the project. the code was verified in fpga soft ware environment. synthesized netlists based on fpga and asic were given in the paper for future work

本課題所設計的微處理器的整數單元和浮點單元均採用硬體描述語言vhdl進行建模，為降低晶元面積，將資源共享這一eda工具的綜合優化方法應用於設計中，並在現有條件下進行了簡單的fpga驗證，考慮到今後的asic設計，本文給出了基於fpga和基於asic的兩種綜合網表。