預先概率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yùxiāngàilǜ]
預先概率 英文
prior probability
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 先 : 名詞1 （時間或次序在前的） earlier; before; first; in advance 2 （祖先; 上代） elder generation; ...
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 預先 : in advance; beforehand
  • 概率 : [數學] probability; chance概率論 probability theory; theory of chances; 概率曲線 probability curv...
  1. We found that if the coin is fair, you will be able to start from a very small capital, say ? > 0, by means of legal trading, to obtain a very large profit, say a / < < x >, with a probability very close to 1, say 1 - a. ve will call this situation an opportunity of essential arbitrage. we feel that it is unreasonable to consider such a financial market & perfect

    我們發現如果硬幣是公平的（均勻的） ，你就有可能「從任意小的初始資本0出發，經過合法的交易，以任意接近於1的概率（容許取極限，甚至可以達到概率1 ）獲得預先指定的（可以任意大的）目標盈利m 」 ，我們把這種可能成為「可本性套利」 。
  2. While many theories concerning damage forecasting were put foreword, a different model of damage forecasting based on fuzzy probability will be presented in this paper. and it is reasonable to describe a variable like weight coefficient with fuzzy theory. in the end, the validity of the model is demonstrated well in the applications of one - storied brick bent frame column factories, one - storied reinforced concrete column factories, multistory masonry buildings

    國內外不少專家學者或研究單位先後提出了各種震害預測方法，本文在此基礎上，利用模糊理論，提出了模糊概率的震害預測模型，其模型能夠把兩類不確定性（一類是隨機上的，另一類是模糊上的）有機結合起來，而且對于權重這樣一個充滿著模糊性的變量，用模糊語言來處理是非常合理的；並應用於對單層磚排架柱廠房、單層鋼筋混凝土柱廠房以及多層磚房的震害預測，實踐證明此方法是比較精確的。
  3. In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment

    本文研究的主要結論：第一，在我國風險資本來源中，政府風險資本一直居於主導地位，這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式，使其契約機制從一開始就帶有「行政干預」的烙印；第二，有限合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約，因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向，但由於有限合夥在我國受到法律限制，公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的主要形式；第三，融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受主體先驗概率影響，借鑒有限合夥契約，可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構；第四，與債權契約、普通股契約相比，可轉換優先股契約可以有效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本，因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。
  4. The main body can be summarized as the following five sections : this paper firstly creatively builds the yield curve of our treasury securities by the method of regressive interpolation and spline. by the empirical study we can see that the method not only can build a smooth yield curve but also can predict the yield to maturity of any given term on the basis of the practical dealing data on the markets

    主體內容可概述為以下五部分：論文首先創造性地把回歸插補法和三次樣條插值法結合起來構造了中國的國債收益率曲線，經過實證分析表明，該方法可以以中國國債市場上的實際交易數據為樣本，既能構造平滑的國債收益率曲線，又能預測任意到期期限的國債收益率。
  5. System conceptual design mainly utilizes automated tools based computer to accomplish the design of weapon system while reducing time and lowing cost, and evaluate the combat effectiveness of weapon system in simulation environment. nevertheless as far as it goes the improvemeni of efficiency of weapon system design is even not poor but limited and far behind the amicipaton considering the cost put into this field with the light of advanced compllter tool. the main reason is the complexity and difficulty of interaction arnong users and models from different discipline

    但就目前的總體概念設計的應用現狀而言，先進的計算機輔助設計或分析工具的引入，對于總體概念設計效率的提高並沒有預期的那麼顯著，其原因在於：武器系統總體概念設計過程是一個復雜的多學科多用戶協作的迭代反復過程，在提高了部門自動化水平后，整個總體概念設計效率提高的瓶頸在於不同學科領域、不同設計人員、不同工具及模型之間交互的困難。
  6. The main procedure and steps are following as : according the random characteristic of the time spent by each work procedure, computer simulation is applied to produce the most possible scheduling network. and by corresponding optimization and adjustment on the network, the cost and scheduling construction network can be obtained ; during the practical construction according to the network, the warp between the actual cost and expected scheduling is tracked dynamically. then the computer simulation system is used to predict the future cost and progress operation, and take corresponding precautionary measures to control beforehand

    其主要思想與步驟為：首先運用計算機模擬技術來模擬工序作業時間的隨機特性，產生概率最大的施工網路計劃，並對其進行優化和調整，以獲得滿足工期、質量要求的成本及網路計劃；在施工過程中動態跟蹤施工實際成本與進度與目標計劃所發生的偏差以及質量問題，然後根據已出現的偏差，利用計算機模擬技術對項目未實施部分進行進度、成本的預測和分析，根據現有信息對網路計劃未完成部分進行調整和優化，以盡可能把各項費用控制在預定計劃成本之內或使工程的綜合指標最優。
  7. When the family of distributions satisfy some conditions, the confidence intervals of prescribed width and prescribed coverage probability could be obtained by two - stage procedures

    當分佈族滿足一定條件時，用兩步抽樣即可獲得具有預先給定長度與覆蓋概率的置信區間。
  8. The paper introduces the financial risk conceptions and theories, then discusses the recognition and analysis of financial risk of enterprise. the paper analyzes the method against the business enterprise financial risk in detail, including strategy and system. on the basis of experiences internal and external, the paper designs an early warning system structure, breach system and model of financial risk that meets the concrete characters of our country ' s enterprise, and puts forward some relevant counter measures for establishment of early warning system for our country ' s enterprise financial risk, which is the emphasis and difficulty of the paper

    論文首先介紹了有關企業財務風險的概念、理論，然後論述了企業財務風險的識別和分析，如杠桿分析法、概率分析法、財務報表分析法等，接著論文詳細分析了企業財務風險防範的方法，主要探討了企業財務風險防範的策略，財務風險的制度防範，論文借鑒國內外財務預警系統建立的經驗，設計了適應我國企業具體特點的財務風險預警系統的結構與子系統，提出了建立企業財務風險預警系統的相關對策，這是本文的重點和難點。
  9. The methods of forecast the public transportation strategy : " maercofu " and it ' s deformation are put forward on the basis of analyzing the history public transportation data. the methods of forecast the public transportation o - d is make out : it is on the basis of the figure of the transit passengers get on and get off the bus on the spots

    首先提出了馬爾可夫鏈法及其改善方法，這一方法是根據歷史調查數據結合定性分析，建立各交通方式之間的轉移概率矩陣，預測現行的客運交通發展戰略所產生的未來的客運交通方式結構，以分析公交發展策略的改善方向。
  10. The chapter 2, introduce the concept of rational expectations, at first give the rational expectations definition, the rational expectations hypothesis asserts to the special economic variable, people ' s subjective distribution are equate to substantial distribution, in fact, the hypothesis assume people know real models ( the system of data production ), so it shortened the learn process

    第二章是理性預期概念的引入。首先給出了理性預期的定義，即理性預期該假說認為對經濟變量而言，人們的主觀概率分佈和真實的概率分佈相等，因此可以以真實條件期望代替主觀期望。實際上，它假定人們知道真實的模型（數據生成的機制） 。
  11. Such a set is called a confidence set, and the pre - specified probability that the true value is contained in this set is called the confidence level

    這樣的集合稱為置信集，預先設定的真值屬於此集合的概率稱為置信水平（置信度） 。
  12. The confidence set turns out to be all the possible values between a lower and an upper limit, so that the confidence set is an interval, i. e., confidence interval

    這樣的集合稱為置信集，預先設定的真值屬於此集合的概率稱為置信水平（置信度） 。
  13. Firstly, we directly use the motion vectors of macro - blocks defined in mpeg - i / ii compressing standards and filter the immobile macro - blocks. then, we build a skin color model in ycbcr color space using the convergent property of skin color, and we present the gaussian model skin recognition method and positive - negative look - up table method in details. and we analyze the texture of skin after wavelet transform and present a bayesian method based texture recognition method and a high texture filtering method

    根據皮膚的運動性，首先直接利用mpeg -中的壓縮標準中有關宏塊運動預測的方法，提取宏塊的運動矢量，將沒有運動的宏塊過濾掉；然後，利用皮膚顏色的聚合性，在ycbcr顏色空間建立了皮膚的顏色模型，並分別闡述了基於高斯分佈模型的皮膚檢測法和正反概率表方法；最後，通過對皮膚進行小波變換后的紋理進行統計后，發現有效的利用皮膚紋理特徵，可以比較有效的過濾掉那些具有類似於皮膚顏色的背景，分別闡述了基於貝葉斯方法的紋理檢測方法和高紋理過濾法。
  14. Further more, we improve the nearest neighbor approximation method by calculat e mixtures ordered by likelihood of being the best scoring mixture. the likelihood is calculating from previously processed data. this improved method can reduce recognition time by 15. 56 % compared with standard viterbi beam search algorithm

    本文對最近鄰快速估算方法進行改進，在搜索過程中根據已處理過的數據統計出各個高斯混合分量產生最高對數概率的概率，並依此預測隨后的計算中最有可能產生最高對數概率的高斯混合分量，優先計算更有可能產生最高對數概率的高斯混合分量，使標準viterbibeam搜索演算法的搜索速度提高了15 . 56 。
  15. Abstract according to the defect of the conventional bayes " method in the geomechanical engineering back analysis, expanding bayes " method was established in this paper. with the applications of the probability theory and the mathematical statistics principle, the geomechanical engineering random back analysis objects function was founded based on the aic criterion of the decision information theory and the maximum entropy criterion, a the matching question between the observed information and the previous information of the conventional bayes " method were proposed. in addition, the least square method, maximum likelihood method and conventional bayes " method were unified in form

    本文針對巖土工程反分析中使用的傳統貝葉斯法中存在的缺陷，提出了擴展貝葉斯法，從概率論和數理統計的原理出發，建立了基於決策信息論中aic準則和最大熵準則的巖土工程隨機反演的準則函數，解決了傳統貝葉斯法的觀測信息與先驗信息的匹配問題，並從形式上完成了目前常用的最小二乘法、最大似然法及傳統貝葉斯法準則函數的統一，並可由觀測數據的質量和數量進行預測模型的辨識。
  16. Supported by the analysis and advance process to the geographical data using gis software, the paper discusses the question that whether the accuracy of bayes supervised classification will be improved considering the influence of the prior probability

    本文嘗試利用gis軟體對地理數據進行分析和預處理，對考慮先驗概率是否提高bayes監督分類精度這一問題作了探討。
  17. “ for a prediction to be successful, the probability of occurrence in a time interval and a space domain must be specified in advance, as must the lower magnitude

    「一項預測稱之為成功，發生的概率，包括時間的間隔、位置的范圍，以及最低量級，均必須事先明確。
  18. “ for a prediction to be successful, the probability of occurrence in a time interval and a space domain must be specified in advances, as must the lower magnitude

    「對於一項預測作為成功的，預測必須事先明確發生的時間概率的間隔偏差以及空間范圍偏差，以及最低的震級。
  19. So far, many methods for solving madm problem have been developed. but many of these approaches require exact information about decision parameters such as attribute weights and marginal utilities. although different procedures have been proposed for the evaluation of parameters, it is often impossible to obtain their exact values

    迄今為止，人們已經提出了多種決策方法，但大多數這樣的方法都要求決策者預先給出屬性權重、邊際效用、狀態概率等參數的取值，雖然估計這些參數的方法很多，但要獲得它們的準確值是非常困難的。
  20. This paper studies the random transferring of the yield of chinese treasury security by markov model, firstly concluding that the dynamics of the yield of the treasury security obeys the markov model, secondly estimating the matrix of probability of transferring by historical data, lastly making an predicting of the future trend of the yield

    本文採用馬爾可夫鏈對中國國債收益率的隨機轉移性質進行了研究，首先用x ~ 2統計量驗證了國債收益率的運動過程符合馬爾可夫鏈，然後運用歷史數據估計出轉移概率矩陣，最後對國債收益率的未來走勢進行了預測。
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